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TRIGNOMETRY

Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles. It emerged in the 3rd century BC from applications of geometry to astronomy. Greeks calculated chords while Indians created tables of trigonometric ratios like sine. Trigonometry has been used in areas like geodesy, surveying, astronomy, and navigation. Trigonometric ratios include tangent, cotangent, and secant. Important trigonometric identities relate sine and cosine, tangent and secant, and cosecant and cotangent through Pythagorean theorem applications to triangles.

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115 views11 pages

TRIGNOMETRY

Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles. It emerged in the 3rd century BC from applications of geometry to astronomy. Greeks calculated chords while Indians created tables of trigonometric ratios like sine. Trigonometry has been used in areas like geodesy, surveying, astronomy, and navigation. Trigonometric ratios include tangent, cotangent, and secant. Important trigonometric identities relate sine and cosine, tangent and secant, and cosecant and cotangent through Pythagorean theorem applications to triangles.

Uploaded by

Aditi Kumari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TRIGNOMETRY

PRESENTATION
ABOUT TRIGNOMETRY

 Trigonometry (from Greek trigon, "triangle" and metron, "measure") is a branch


of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths
and angles of triangles.
HISTORY OF TRIGNOMETRY

 The field emerged in the Hellenistic world during the 3rd century BC from


applications of geometry to astronomical studies.
 The Greeks focused on the calculation of chords, while mathematicians in India
created the earliest-known tables of values for trigonometric ratios (also
called trigonometric functions) such as sine.
 Throughout history, trigonometry has been applied in areas such
as geodesy, surveying, celestial mechanics, and navigation.
TRIGNOMETRIC
RATIOS,IDENTITIES,FORMULAS AND DERIVATION
RATIOS

•Tan θ = Sin θ/Cos θ
•Cot θ = Cos θ/Sin θ
TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES
TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•sin2 a + cos2 a = 1
Applying Pythagoras Theorem for the given triangle, we have
(hypotenuse)2 = (base)2 + (perpendicular)2
AC2 = AB2+BC2     ………………………..(1)
Now,on dividing each term of equation (1) by AC2, we have
AC2/AC2 = AB2/AC2 + BC2/AC2
⇒AB2/AC2+BC2/AC2 = 1
⇒(AB/AC)2+(BC/AC)2 = 1 ………………………….(2)
We know that,
(AB/AC)2=cosa and (BC/AC)2=sina, thus equation (2) can be written as-
sin2 a + cos2 a = 1
TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•1+tan2 a  = sec2 a
AC2/AB2 = AB2/AB2+BC2/AB2
⇒AC2/AB2 = 1+BC2/AB2
⇒(AC/AB)2 = 1+(BC/AB)2 ……………………(3)
By referring trigonometric ratios, it can be seen that:
AC/AB = hypotenuse/side adjacent to angle a = seca
Similarly,
BC/AB = side opposite to angle a/side adjacent to angle a = tan
a
Replacing the values of AC/AB and BC/AB in the equation
(3) gives,
1+tan2 a  = sec2 a
TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•cosec2 a = 1 + cot2 a
AC2/BC2 = AB2/BC2 + BC2/BC2
⇒AC2/BC2 = AB2/BC2+1
⇒(AC/BC)2 = (AB/BC)2+1 …………………..(iv) 
By referring trigonometric ratios, it can be seen that:
AC/BC = hypotenuse/side opposite to angle a = coseca
Also,
AB/BC = side adjacent to angle aside opposite to angle a = cota
Replacing the values of ACBC and ABBC in the equation (4) gives,
cosec2 a = 1 + cot2 a
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CLASS 10 RD SHARMA,WIKIPEDIA
END
OF THE PROJECT

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