The Arduino life

Workshop on Arduino Embedded Development Board

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The heart of engineering isn’t calculation;
It’s problem solving.

Schools may teach the numbers first, but calculation

is neither the front end of engineering note its end
goal. Calculation is one means among many to
finding a solution that provides useful, objectively
measurable improvement.

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Introduction
Embedded Systems
Arduino Basics
Arduino Architecture
Arduino board layout. What are the resources available
Arduino IDE
Programming fundamentals
Learn by Doing – Sense, Control & Actuate
Project 1: LED Blinking
Project 2: RGB LED Interfacing & PWM Control
Project 3: Interfacing Sensors (Light, Temperature, etc.,)
Project 4: Interfacing Actuators (Motor Speed Control using PWM)

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Industry / Robot / System

Industry /
System

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 System & Control

System / Plant: “A system may be a piece of equipment, perhaps just a set of machine
parts functioning together, the purpose of which is to perform a particular operation”.

Control System: “A control system is an interconnection of components forming a system

configuration that provide a desired system performance”

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 Systems

Open loop systems Closed loop systems

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Open loop system

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Closed loop system

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Multivariable control system

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 Embedded Systems

"It is a combination of hardware and software to perform a specific task"

“An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function

within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time
computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often
including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control
many devices in common use today.”

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 Components of Embedded Systems
Communication
Power Supply Processor Memory Timers & Counters
Ports

Application Specific Software

Input & Output
Circuits Components

••Stable
Power
UART Supply
& Smooth
Read-Only
Speed
Assembler Output
memory(RAM) ••Line Device
RS-423 Drivers
Regulation
Electrically
Number
Compiler I/Ochanges
of Erasable
Pins Programmable Read-Only
•••Proper
Processor
Random
UnitOutput
PriceAccess
Emulator
CAN Memory(ROM)
Current to Drive the Load ••LoadMEMS
Memory
Power devices
Consumption
(EEPROM)
Regulation
RS-485 – Fluctuation in output voltage
•••Perfect
Display
Debugger
SPI Device
Packaging
Power Efficiency ••when
Amount of RAMchanges
load current
UART and ROM
••Stable
Buzzer for
PerformanceAlert
I2C in Different Temperature Range ••Efficiency
Specialized Processing Units
I2C
•Proper
••Input/Output
Peripheral Set Architecture 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit
•• USB Noise
Timer Filtering
on the Chip SPI Ripple Voltage
••Proper Decoupling
Ethernet
Operating Voltage Transient Response
• RS-232 Allowable Dissipation

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a few points to remember…

ANALOG DIGITAL

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Communication

• PARALLEL
• SERIAL

1011000

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Pulse Width Modulation

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Pulse Width Modulation

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Why Arduino..?

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Lets Start
Arduino…!

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 Arduino Basics
arduino ( arrr-dween-oh )

(n.) It's an open-source physical computing platform based

on a simple microcontroller board, and a development
environment for writing software for the board.

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 Types of Arduino Boards

Arduino Nano

Arduino Mega
Arduino LilyPad

Arduino Uno
Arduino Mini Arduino Leonardo

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Arduino Uno

Digital pins:
14 digital IO pins
6 are PWM pins (3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11).

Analog pins:
6 analog pins(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5)
Takes analog values as an input

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Arduino IDE
VERIFY SERIAL
MONITOR
UPLOAD
NEW TAB
OPEN CODE GOES
SAVE HERE
BOARD &
SERIAL PORT
SELECTIONS

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Basic Coding
structure

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 Basic Coding structure
setup() function
•Called when a sketch starts.
•To initialize variables, pin modes, start using libraries, etc.
•Will only run once, after each power-up or reset of the Arduino
board.
loop() function
•Loops consecutively.
•Code in the loop() section of the sketch is used to actively
control the Arduino board.
Commenting
•Any line that starts with two slashes (//) will not be read by the
compiler, so you can write anything you want after it.

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 pinMode()
Instruction used to set the mode (INPUT or OUTPUT) in
which we are going to use a pin.
Eg: pinMode (13, OUTPUT);
ie. setting pin13 as output.

 digitalWrite()
•Write a HIGH or a LOW value to a digital pin.
•Eg: digitalWrite (11, HIGH);
•ie. setting pin 11 to high.

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 digitalRead()
•Reads the value from a specified digital pin,
either HIGH or LOW
•Eg: int inPin=7;
val = digitalRead(inPin);
•ie. reads the value from inPin and assigns it to val.

 delay()
•Pauses the program for the amount of time (in milliseconds)
specified as parameter.
•Eg: delay(1000);
•ie. waits for a second (1000 ms = 1 s)

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Component List
 Arduino Uno
 USB cable
 LED, RGB LED
 LDR
 POT(10k)
 Resistors
 Temp sensor LM-35
 Motor Driver L293D, DC Motor
Connecting wire

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LED Blink

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Digital Read

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Analog Read

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LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

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LDR - Wiring

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TEMP Sensor-LM35

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DC Motor Drive – L293D
Motor Driver Circuit (L293D)
 The L293 and L293D devices are quadruple high
current half-H drivers.

 Output Current of 600 mA per channel for L293D)

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L293D Functional
Block Diagram

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DC Motor Control
using L293D

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 RGB LED

Vcc
Green

Red Blue

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“How much more Arduino can
do is only left to your
imagination”

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Thank you

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