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Esr Spectroscopy: Ranjith R

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy involves applying microwave radiation to induce transitions between the magnetic energy levels of electrons with unpaired spins in paramagnetic substances placed in a static magnetic field. ESR is a type of absorption spectroscopy that operates at microwave frequencies of 104–106 MHz (~1.0 J mol-1) to cause these electron spin transitions. ESR spectra are obtained by plotting the intensity of absorbed radiation against the applied magnetic field strength, often as a derivative curve of the absorption. Hyperfine interactions between unpaired electrons and neighboring atomic nuclei can split the ESR signal and provide information about the local electronic environment. ESR spectroscopy has applications such as determining oxidation states, studying free radicals and reaction mechanisms.

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102 views10 pages

Esr Spectroscopy: Ranjith R

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy involves applying microwave radiation to induce transitions between the magnetic energy levels of electrons with unpaired spins in paramagnetic substances placed in a static magnetic field. ESR is a type of absorption spectroscopy that operates at microwave frequencies of 104–106 MHz (~1.0 J mol-1) to cause these electron spin transitions. ESR spectra are obtained by plotting the intensity of absorbed radiation against the applied magnetic field strength, often as a derivative curve of the absorption. Hyperfine interactions between unpaired electrons and neighboring atomic nuclei can split the ESR signal and provide information about the local electronic environment. ESR spectroscopy has applications such as determining oxidation states, studying free radicals and reaction mechanisms.

Uploaded by

Ranjith R Menon
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© © All Rights Reserved
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ESR SPECTROSCOPY

Name: Ranjith R

Atomic And Molecular Physics


Department Of Physics ,School Of Applied Sciences
Date: 26/05/2021
#ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

 It is a branch of absorption spectroscopy in which radiation having frequency in


microwave region is absorbed by paramagnetic substance to induce transition
between magnetic energy level of electron with unpaired spins.
 Magnetic energy splitting is done by applying a static magnetic field.

 Absorption spectroscopy, operate at microwave frequency 104 – 106MHz (~1.0 J


mol-1)

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 ESR is also known as Electron Paramagnetic Resonance(EPR) or Electron Magnetic
Resonance(EMR). Paramagnetic substances are those which contains unpaired
electrons having equal and opposite spins.

 ESR Phenomenon is shown by:

 1. Atoms having odd number of electrons.


 2. Ions having partly filled inner electron shells
 3. Other molecules that carry angular momentum of electronic origin.
 4. Free radicals having unpaired electrons.

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#THEORY OF ESR

 In ESR the energy levels are produced by the interaction of magnetic moment of an
unpaired electron in a molecule or ion with an applied magnetic field.
 The ESR spectrum results due to the transitions between these energy levels by
absorbing radiations of microwave frequency.

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 The unpaired electrons are excited to a high
energy state under the magnetic field by the
absorption of microwave radiations.

 The excited electron changes its direction of


spin and relaxes in to the ground state by
emitting its energy.

 The transition between two different energy


levels takes place by absorption of a quantum
of radiation of frequency in the microwave
region.

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# PRESENTATION OF ESR SPECTRUM :

The ESR spectrum is obtained by plotting intensity against the strength of a magnetic
field.
The better way is to represent ESR spectrum as a derivative curve in which the first
derivative (slope) of the absorption curve is plotted against the strength of the
magnetic field.

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HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS

EPR signal is ‘split’ by neighbouring nuclei


Called hyperfine interactions
#Can be used to provide information
 Number and identity of nuclei
 Distance from unpaired electron
 Interactions with neighbouring nuclei
 The number of lines: 2NI +1

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#APPLICATIONS OF ESR SPECTRA:

 It decides the site of unpaired electrons.


 The number of line components decide about the number and type of nuclei
present in the neighborhood of the odd electron.
 From this the g value can be measured by comparing the position of the line with
that of standard substance
 Study of Free radicals
 Reaction Velocities and Mechanisms
 Study of inorganic compounds
 Study of catalysts
 Determination of oxidation state of a metal.

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Thank you for
your time and
participation

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