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    App D

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    21 views15 pages

    App D

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    of 15

    D

    Using SQL*Plus

    Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Objectives

    After completing this appendix, you should be able to


    do the following:
    • Log in to SQL*Plus
    • Edit SQL commands
    • Format output using SQL*Plus commands
    • Interact with script files

    D-2 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    SQL and SQL*Plus Interaction

    SQL statements
    Server
    SQL*Plus

    Query results

    Buffer

    SQL
    scripts

    D-3 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    SQL Statements Versus
    SQL*Plus Commands

    SQL SQL*Plus
    • A language • An environment
    • ANSI-standard • Oracle-proprietary
    • Keywords cannot be • Keywords can be
    abbreviated. abbreviated.
    • Statements manipulate • Commands do not
    data and table allow manipulation of
    definitions in the values in the database.
    database.

    SQL SQL SQL*Plus SQL*Plus


    statements buffer commands buffer

    D-4 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Overview of SQL*Plus

    • Log in to SQL*Plus.
    • Describe the table structure.
    • Edit your SQL statement.
    • Execute SQL from SQL*Plus.
    • Save SQL statements to files and append SQL
    statements to files.
    • Execute saved files.
    • Load commands from file to buffer to edit.

    D-5 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Logging In to SQL*Plus

    • From a Windows environment:

    • From a command line:


    sqlplus [username[/password
    [@database]]]

    D-6 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Displaying Table Structure

    Use the SQL*Plus DESCRIBE command to display the


    structure of a table:

    DESC[RIBE] tablename

    D-7 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Displaying Table Structure

    SQL> DESCRIBE departments

    Name Null? Type


    ----------------------- -------- ------------
    DEPARTMENT_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
    DEPARTMENT_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
    MANAGER_ID NUMBER(6)
    LOCATION_ID NUMBER(4)

    D-8 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    SQL*Plus Editing Commands

    • A[PPEND] text
    • C[HANGE] / old / new
    • C[HANGE] / text /
    • CL[EAR] BUFF[ER]
    • DEL
    • DEL n
    • DEL m n

    D-9 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    SQL*Plus Editing Commands

    • I[NPUT]
    • I[NPUT] text
    • L[IST]
    • L[IST] n
    • L[IST] m n
    • R[UN]
    • n
    • n text
    • 0 text

    D-10 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Using LIST, n, and APPEND

    SQL> LIST

    1 SELECT last_name
    2* FROM employees

    SQL> 1

    1* SELECT last_name

    SQL> A , job_id

    1* SELECT last_name, job_id

    SQL> L

    1 SELECT last_name, job_id


    2* FROM employees

    D-11 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Using the CHANGE Command

    SQL> L

    1* SELECT * from employees

    SQL> c/employees/departments

    1* SELECT * from departments

    SQL> L

    1* SELECT * from departments

    D-12 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    SQL*Plus File Commands

    • SAVE filename
    • GET filename
    • START filename
    • @ filename
    • EDIT filename
    • SPOOL filename
    • EXIT

    D-13 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Using the SAVE and START Commands

    SQL> L
    1 SELECT last_name, manager_id, department_id
    2* FROM employees
    SQL> SAVE my_query

    Created file my_query

    SQL> START my_query


    LAST_NAME MANAGER_ID DEPARTMENT_ID
    ------------------------- ---------- -------------
    King 90
    Kochhar 100 90
    ...
    20 rows selected.

    D-14 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.


    Summary

    In this appendix, you should have learned how to use


    SQL*Plus as an environment to do the following:

    • Execute SQL statements


    • Edit SQL statements
    • Format output
    • Interact with script files

    D-15 Copyright © 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.

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