Application of Pythagorean Fuzzy Set in MCDM

Presented By Under The Guidance

Abhimanyu anand Dr. Neeraj
Shweta rana Gandotra
Nitish
M.SC Mathematics
 OUTLINE
Introduction

Literature Review

References
 Classical Set
• Classical set is a collection of definite objects.
• Each individual entity in a set is called member or an element
of the set
• The classical set is defined in such a way that universe is split
into two groups members and non members .hence in case of
classical set , no partially members exist.
• Let A is a given set. The membership function can be use to
define a set A is given by:
 Fuzzy Set Theory
 Fuzzy set is the extension and generalization of Classical Set.
 Zadeh introduced the concept of Fuzzy set in 1965.
 The fuzzy set theory is used significantly in those real-life scenarios, where
human perception and knowledge are required, which are generally imprecise
and not fully reliable.
 Fuzzy set theory permits membership function valued in the interval [0,1].
 Example

YES{1}
DO YOU HAVE PHONE
NO{0}
Fuzzy Set
 Intuitistic fuzzy set

 Intuitionistic fuzzy set is extension of fuzzy set, introduced by

Atanassov in 1986.

 An intuitionistic fuzzy set can be called as summed up

condition of a fuzzy set since it contains both membership and

non-membership degrees.
 Mathematical definition of intuitistic fuzzy
set
•  
A non-empty and finite set B of elements B={b1,b2,……..,bn}.An intuitionistic fuzzy set
M in S is defined as
M={(b,µM(b),M(b)):bɛB}
µM(b)[0,1] be the membership grade and M(b)[0,1] be the non-membership grade
such that bɛB and should satisfy the condition 0≤µM(b)+M(b)≤1 or in other words we
can also say that
µM(b)+M(b)≤1
The hesitance of the intuitionistic fuzzy set Mis defined as
=1-µM(b)-M(b), bɛB
 Pythagorean Fuzzy set
The concept of Pythagorean fuzzy set was introduced by Yager in
2014.
Pythagorean fuzzy sets are more extensive than the intuitionistic fuzzy
set with the goal that they can deal with all the more day by day life
issues under imprecision and vulnerability cases.
The main difference between IFSs and PFSs is that, in the latter case
the sum of membership and non-membership grade is greater than1,
however, the sum of their squares belong to the unit interval [0,1]
 Mathematically definition of Pythagorean
fuzzy sets
•inA Snon-empty
 is defined and
as
finite set B of elements B={b ,b ,……..,b }. A Pythagorean fuzzy set M
1 2 n

M={(b,µM(b),M(b)):bɛB}
µM(b)[0,1] be the membership grade and M(b)[0,1] be the non-membership grade
such that bɛB and should satisfy the condition 0≤µ2M(b)+M(b)≤1 or in other words we
can also say that
µ2M(b)+M(b)≤1
The hesitance of the Pythagorean fuzzy set M is defined as
(b)=
 Entropy
• Entropy means measurement of degree of
fuzziness in a fuzzy set.
• Entropy can also be defined as measurement
of degree of uncertainty.
• Entropy is used in various fields.
 Mathematical definition of Entropy

•• Let
  E be the set such that E:A[0,1] then E(A) is called
entropy if it satisfies following conditions

1. Minimality: E(A)=0 if A is a crisp set.

2. Maximality: E(A)=1 if µA(x)= A(x) x.
3. Resolution: E(A)≤E(B), if A is less fuzzy than B
and E(A)≥E(B),if B is less fuzzy than A
4. Symmetric: E(AC)=E(A)
 Various entropy proposed on Pythagorean and intuitistic
fuzzy sets
•
• E  =+ 1

This entropy was proposed by Zhang and Jiang in 2008.

• E2=(xi)+(xi)) |()|]
This entropy was proposed by XUE,XU and ZHANG in 2017. This entropy is
used in making a decision for the investment in railway projects. This
entropy is based on linmap (Linear programming technique for multi
dimensional analysis for preference) method.
• E3= -1)] 
YE had put forward two intuitistic fuzzy entropy which was further simplified by WEI
ET AL.
• E4=
This entropy had been put forward by Manfeng liu and Haiping Ren in 2014
 PROPOSED ENTROPY

•   E=)-1]
0)-1]
Thus 0
1) Now we shall prove that A is a crisp set
Suppose A is the crisp set ( then we say that E(A)=0.
if E(A)=0 Then )-1]=0
)-1]=0 which is possible when which means (
Hence A is a crisp set
2) To prove that E(A)=1.
Suppose that then we say that E(A)=1
• NOW Suppose that E(A)=1
• Thus, )-1] which is possible ||=0, we conclude that that
 1) Prove that E( now ={<,>|
E()-1]=)-1]= E(A )
2) Construct a function
f(x,y)= )-1
where x,y[0,1]
Case 1: when xy then f1(x,y)= )-1 (12)
we need to prove that f1(x,y) increases with x and decrease with y
now ] ). (13)
 When xy d 0 then we can say that that f1(x,y) increases with x and decrease with y then
satisfied.
Thus we have f(
Case 2: when then f2(x,y)= )-1
Now ] ). (15)
(16)
In this case we have to prove when then Now 0, then we say that f2(x,y) decreases with x
and increases with y then
Thus we have f(.
Hence AB then we can say that E(A)E(B)
 Comparative Example based on COPRAS
METHOD
•companies
Example: Assume that we have to choose one express companies out of four express
  {x x ,x ,x }.After successful evaluation, the four alternatives with reference
1, 2 3 4
to four criteria are being decided. The decided criteria are y1 stands for
convience,stands for safety, stands for reliability, stands for tangibility where {} are the
benefit criteria and { is non- benefit criteria.
 Steps to follow
• STEP1:
• Consider the criteria Y (j=1,2,3,4)is the Pythagorean fuzzy set on the
 alternatives j
of set X={x ,x ,x ,x }.Now with help of equation we will find entropy
1 2 3 4
e1=.5384,

•Step2. compute weight (of criteria (j=1,2,….n) with the help of following formula.
=(j=1,2,…..,n).

•Step3: find weighted decision matrix A=

where ==(,) .
•
Steps to follow
• With the help of equation we are now going to find score function s( i=1,2,…..,m
 and j=1,2,…….,n.
S(M)= µ2- 2

•Step5: Calculate s( S(
S( Here set of benefit criteria denotes B and set of
non-benefit criteria denotes NB i=1,2,…..,m.
• Step 6: Relative weight of each alternative is to be calculated by
S()
•Step 7. Find the priority order
= (21)
•Step 8: If then alternatives .
 Refrences
1. Yuan, J. and Luo, X., 2019. Approach for multi-attribute decision making based on novel
intuitionistic fuzzy entropy and evidential reasoning. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 135,
pp.643-654.
2. Yang, Miin-Shen, and Zahid Hussain. "Fuzzy entropy for pythagorean fuzzy sets with application
to multicriterion decision making." Complexity 2018 (2018).
3. Zhang, Xiaolu, and Zeshui Xu. "Extension of TOPSIS to multiple criteria decision making with
Pythagorean fuzzy sets." International Journal of Intelligent Systems 29.12 (2014): 1061-1078.
4. Liu, M. and Ren, H., 2014. A new intuitionistic fuzzy entropy and application in multi-attribute
decision making. Information, 5(4), pp.587-601.
5. Garg, H., 2018. Linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy sets and its applications in multiattribute decision‐
making process. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 33(6), pp.1234-1263.
6. Gul, M., Ak, M.F. and Guneri, A.F., 2019. Pythagorean fuzzy VIKOR-based approach for safety
risk assessment in mine industry. Journal of Safety Research, 69, pp.135-153.
7. Burillo, P., and Humberto Bustince. "Entropy on intuitionistic fuzzy sets and on interval-valued
fuzzy sets." Fuzzy sets and systems 78, no. 3 (1996): 305-316.
8. Thao, N.X. and Smarandache, F., 2019. A new fuzzy entropy on Pythagorean fuzzy sets. Journal of
Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 37(1), pp.1065-1074.
9. Zhang, Q.S. and Jiang, S.Y., 2008. A note on information entropy measures for vague sets and its
applications. Information Sciences, 178(21), pp.4184-4191.