Creative

Nonfiction
Fiction is the dream of the writer made
visible on the page. It may be the writer’s
lived experience or it may be entirely
imagined.
Fiction is literature created from the
imagination, not presented as fact, though
it may be based on a true story or
situation.
Non-fiction- story is true, factual and story
about real people.
 Elements of Fiction
•Characters- a person, an animal, or an
imaginary creature that takes the part in the
action of the story.
Types of Characters
Protagonist-the main character of the story
that is most central to the action of the story.
Antagonist-the person or thing working
against the protagonist, or hero, in the story.
Static Characters-characters that stay the same
throughout the story.
Dynamic Characters-characters that change
and learn something during the story.
Flat- very few personality traits, do not
change throughout the story, sometimes can be
symbols or stereotypes.
Round-convincing and true to life, many
different personality traits, usually undergo a
change during the story.
•Setting- the time and place in which
the action occurs. Look for clues in the
opening paragraphs of the story or
novel.
•Point of View- it is refers to who tells
the story and how it is told.
First Person- the story is told by one of the
characters in the story. The characters uses
the pronouns , I, me, my and we.
Second Person- this POV is not common in
fiction. The story is told to “you and your.”
Third Person-the story is told by the narrator
who stands outside of the story and observes
the events as they unfold. The narrator uses
the pronouns he/his, she/her, they.
First Person Second Third
Person Person
I, me , my, You, your He/his,
we she/her,
they
Plot-the action element in fiction, is the
arrangement of events that make up a story.
5 Parts of Plot
•Introduction/exposition- the first part of
the story. The author establishing the setting,
introduces background information.
•Rising Action-the characters gives
additional series of conflicts or struggles that
build a story toward its climax. Tension rises.
•Climax-the high point, or turning point, of a
story. It is the most intense point.
•Falling Action- the action that works out
the decision arrived at during the climax. The
conflict is -or begins to be -settled.
•Denouement/resolution- the ending. It ties
up loose ends and brings the story to a close.
Theme- is the central idea or meaning of a story.
Symbolization
A symbol is a person, object, image, or word, or event
that evokes a range of additional meaning beyond and
usually more abstract that is literal significance.
•Water- purity
•Black Clouds- evil approaching
•Tone is the author’s implicit attitude toward the reader,
subject, and/or the people, places and events in a work
as revealed by the elements of the author’s style.
 Genres of Fiction
Types of Fiction
•Commercial Fiction- attracts a broad
audience and may also fall into any subgenre
like mystery, romance, legal thriller, western,
science fiction, etc.
•Literary Fiction- tends to appeal to a
smaller, more intellectually adventurous
audience.
•Historical Fiction- a fictional story set in a
recognizable period of history. As well as telling
the stories of ordinary people’s lives, historical
fiction may involve political or social events of the
time.
Example: Pearl Harbor
•Realistic Fiction- imaginative writing that
accurately reflects life as it could be lived today.
Everything is a realistic fiction story could
conceivably happen to real people living in today’s
natural physical world. Helps children more toward
a fuller understanding of themselves and others.
•Fantasy- contains fantastic elements, such as
talking animals, eccentric characters in
preposterous situations, or extraordinary
worlds.
Example: Lord of the Rings
•Science Fiction- can be defined as literature
involving elements of science and technology
as basis for conflict, or as the setting for a story
Example: Terminator 3 Rise of Machines
•Mystery- presents a puzzle or riddle to be solved.
Contains clues to help the reader to solve the puzzle.
Mysteries written for older students have a suspenseful
mood and contain foreshadowing.
Example: Detective Conan and Sherlock Holmes
•Novel- an invented prose narrative of considerable length
and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with
human experience, usually through a connected sequence
of events involving a group of persons in a specific
setting.
Example: Romeo and Juliet, and Macbeth by William
Shakespeare
•Short Story- shorter than a novel and a brief
story usually 5-20 pages long. It has 1-2 main
characters and one main setting only.
Example: The Necklace by Guy de
Maupassant
•Fable-a very brief story in prose or in verse
that teaches a moral or a practical lesson about
how to succeed in life.
Example: The Tortoise and the Hare (Ang
Pagong at ang Kuneho)
•Folktales- is a story with unknown author. Stories that
passed down from one generation to another by word of
mouth.
Example: The Story of Maria Makiling
•Legend- is a semi-true story, which has been passed from
person-to-person and has an important meaning or
symbolism for the culture in which it originates. It
includes element of truth or based on historic facts but
with ‘mythical qualities’. It also involves heroic characters
or fantastic places and often encompasses the spiritual
beliefs of the culture in which they originate.
Example: The Story of Piña (Ang Alamat ng Pinya)
•Myth- some myths have gods or ‘super-
beings’ that use powers to make events
happen.
Example: Iliad and Odyssey
•Epic-stories and songs emerged as an oral
means of communication and preserving the
past: tales of heroic battles or struggles,
myths, or religious beliefs.
Example:Biag ni Lam-Ang
Other types of Fiction
•Mystery is a popular genre, boasting a
huge established audience. All mysteries
focus on a crime, usually murder.
•Romance is a type of category fiction in
which the love relationship between a man
and a woman pervades the plot.
•Science Fiction can be defined as literature
involving elements of science and technology as
a basis for conflict, or as the setting for a story.
•Suspense novels and thrillers are tense,
exciting, often sensational works with ingenious
plotting, swift action, and continuous suspense.
•Mainstream fiction is transcends popular
novel categories- mystery, romance or science
fiction, etc.
•Western, these novels about life on America’s post-
Civil War western frontier usually involve conflicts
between cowboys and outlaws, cowboys and Native
Americans, or Easterners and Westerners
•Horror, the characteristic is the intention to
frighten readers by exploiting their fears, both
conscious and subconscious.
•Young adults, this genre includes any type of novel
with a protagonist in the 12 to 16 age range that
speaks to the concerns of teenagers.
Activity A
Compare fiction and nonfiction using this Venn diagram.
Activity B
Read or recall a fictional story. Write your insights about
the story.
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