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CBSR 4003 Web Server Technology

This document provides an overview of the CBSR 4003 Web Server Technology course. It outlines the course organization and units to be covered. The first unit covers the web, internet, HTML, and communication protocols like HTTP. Key topics in unit 1 include the differences between the internet and world wide web, HTML elements and tags, converting HTML to PHP, MIME types, HTTP requests and responses, TCP/IP protocol, and the internet design. The document also provides learning strategies like etutorials, quizzes, and discussions of past exam questions.

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41 views

CBSR 4003 Web Server Technology

This document provides an overview of the CBSR 4003 Web Server Technology course. It outlines the course organization and units to be covered. The first unit covers the web, internet, HTML, and communication protocols like HTTP. Key topics in unit 1 include the differences between the internet and world wide web, HTML elements and tags, converting HTML to PHP, MIME types, HTTP requests and responses, TCP/IP protocol, and the internet design. The document also provides learning strategies like etutorials, quizzes, and discussions of past exam questions.

Uploaded by

COCLオスマン
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CBSR 4003

WEB SERVER TECHNOLOGY


JAN-2021
ETUTORIAL 1 : 24TH JAN 2021 (11AM – 12 PM)

• SELF INTRODUCTION
• WHAT WILL BE COVERED IN
THIS MODULE?
• WHAT WILL BE COVERED
TODAY?
• ASSESSMENT INFO
• ASSIGNMENT
• LEARNING STRATEGY
• UNIT 1 : THE WEB AND THE
INTERNET
COURSE ORGANIZATION

CBSR 4003

Unit 1 : The Web and Unit 2 : Web Server Unit 3 : Server Side Unit 4 : Web Indexing
the Internet and HTTP Programming and Search Engine

What is the different between Internet and WWW?


LEARNING STRATEGY

• ETUTORIAL PLAN THROUGHOUT SEMESTER


• MYINSPIRE TOUR
• LEARNING OUTCOMES
• REVIEW AND DISCUSSION OF PAST YEARS EXAM QUESTIONS
• ONLINE QUIZES
• ACTIVE PARTICIPATION DURING GOOGLE MEET
UNIT 1 : THE WEB AND THE INTERNET
• LEARNING KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER :
• How WWW, DNS, FTP and other applications are made available in the Internet?
• Internet design and structure, how TCP/IP works?
Acronyms Descriptions
• Designing basic Web Page using HTML syntax
WWW World Wide Web
• The role of Web browsers and servers. DNS Domain Naming Servers

• World Wide Web comprises of : FTP File transfer protocol

TCP/IP Transmission Control


1. the Web’s document language: HTML Protocol/Internet Protocol

2. the Web’s system for addressing and locating documents: URL HTML HyperText Markup Language

URL Uniform Resource Locators


3. the communication language between the Web client and Web server: HTTP
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
The overview of Web Technologies

It is the web server’s job to give the web browser the relevant HTML, CSS and JavaScript code that it needs in order to
display an interactive web page. It is the web browsers job to interpret these languages in order to display a web page
properly.

PHP - programming code that decides what a web page looks like.
MySQL - the server’s memory/data repository (or the database). It is a store of data within various tables that can be
retrieved using a language called SQL (Structured query language).
Apache - the server program that listens for communications from the web browser via the Internet and tells PHP what
they are.
Server plugins - allow PHP to do more for e.g. process images in a more different way or allow SMS messaging via the
server.
HTML - selection of tags that tell the web browser some information about what a page contains.
CSS - language that tells the web browser how to style the html code.
JavaScript/jQuery - client side programming language that can dynamically use the HTML data to do “something” without
HTML
• Hypertext means that the document contains links that allow the reader to jump to other places in the document or to another
document altogether.

• A markup language is a way that computers speak to each other to control how text is processed and presented. To do this
HTML uses two things: tags and attributes.

• HTML builders/tools : Notepad, Notepad++, Dreamweaver, Sublime Text, TextWrangler, etc.

What is the difference between elements, tags and


attributes?
HTML TO PHP
Converting HTML to PHP
1. Save the HTML file name to .php
File name : example.php
File name : example.html <html>
<html> <head></head>
<head></head> <body>
<body> This is HTML code
This is HTML code <?php
</body> echo “This is PHP code”;
</html> ?>
</body>
</html>
2. Using PHP commands (echo, print etc.)
<?php
echo "<html>\n";
echo "<head></head>\n";
echo "<body>\n";
echo "This is HTML code\n";
echo "</body>\n";
// some PHP code here …
echo "</html>\n";
echo "\n";
?>
MIME TYPES
• URLs not only point to HTML documents, but may also point to multimedia resources that are encoded in
formats other than text.
• MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) is an International standard that defines the rules for
exchanging information that uses non-ASCII text encoding. It enables the client to know what type of file to
expect and what software to use to interpret the file, in case the client is not capable of understanding this
type of encoding.

Why browsers or clients should not guess MIME types?


HTTP
• Whenever a computer needs to send data to or receive data from another host, a protocol is needed to
specify how every bit of every message should be written and interpreted.
• All about HTTP
• Simple and readable by human
• Extensible – able to cope with additional functionality
• Stateless but not sessionless – no link between two requests to be successfully carried out.
• HTTP flow – when a client wants to communicate with a server, the following steps are performed;
1. Open a TCP connection
2. Send an HTTP message request
3. Read the response from server
4. Close or reuse the request for further requests.

Explain the format of requests and responses.


THE INTERNET

• Two main characteristics of Internet;


1. Decentralized – there’s no routes can fail and stop the operation of the entire network, alternative
routes always available to reach the destination.
2. Packet switching network 1. Lowest level consist of
a physical network h/w
and low level
communication s/w e.g.
Ethernet, FDDI, X.25,
Token Ring, ATM)
2. Two physical nodes
• Design and structure exchanges messages in
some form.
3. Data is transmitted
over various carriers
such as telephone line,
cable TV wires and
satellite channel.
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL : TCP/IP
• Specifies how data is exchanged over the internet by providing end-to-end communications that
identify how it should be broken into packets, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the
destination.

• Application layer protocols: Responsible for application-level


access to TCP/IP networking services. These include DHCP, DNS,
HTTP, FTP, Telnet, SMTP, and SNMP.
• Transport layer protocols: Establish communication through
connection-oriented sessions and connectionless broadcasts.
• Internet layer protocols: Responsible for routing
and encapsulation into IP packets.
• Network layer protocols: Place frames on the network. These
protocols include the various local area network (LAN)
architectures (such as Ethernet and Token Ring) and WAN
telecommunication service technologies – such as Plain Old
Telephone Service (POTS), Integrated Services Digital Network
(ISDN), and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).
INTERNET PROTOCOL
• The protocol within the TCP/IP stack that divides data stream into small, standard sized sections called packets.
• Packet – a small, fixed size unit of transmission. Consist of binary information and a header containing and ID
number, source and destination addresses and error-control codes.
• Format of an IP datagram;

• TTL - limits the number of routers that a packet may go


through before reaching its destination. This prevents IP
packets from traveling on the Internet forever.
• Protocol — lets the networking layer know what kind of
transport layer protocol is in the data segment of the IP
packet. Common transport layer protocols which use IP
are TCP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
• Source and destination IP addresses — are the IP
addresses of the source and destination machines.
• Data/Payload — contains the data which needs to be
transmitted to another computer. This data is passed down
to IP by a transport protocol such as TCP or UDP, as
indicated by the protocol field.
THE END

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