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Amit presentATION

The document is a presentation on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). It discusses three types of multiplexing: Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and CDMA. CDMA uses direct sequence spread spectrum, where a narrowband data signal is multiplied by a wideband spreading code. Each user is assigned a unique spreading code, allowing multiple users to transmit simultaneously over the same frequency. The spreading code allows the intended receiver to identify and isolate the desired signal from other users. The presentation covers CDMA features, processing gain, system capacity, and advantages/disadvantages of the technology.

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Manoj Goyal
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36 views15 pages

Amit presentATION

The document is a presentation on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). It discusses three types of multiplexing: Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and CDMA. CDMA uses direct sequence spread spectrum, where a narrowband data signal is multiplied by a wideband spreading code. Each user is assigned a unique spreading code, allowing multiple users to transmit simultaneously over the same frequency. The spreading code allows the intended receiver to identify and isolate the desired signal from other users. The presentation covers CDMA features, processing gain, system capacity, and advantages/disadvantages of the technology.

Uploaded by

Manoj Goyal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

PRESENTATION ON CDMA

AMIT LAMBA
07-30302

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Outline

 Introduction
 Type of Multiplexing
 FDMA
 TDMA
 CDMA

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Introduction

The multiplexing is used to combined a number of independent signals


into a composite signal suitable for transmission over a common channel

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Type of Multiplexing:

1. Frequency-Division Multiple Access (FDMA).

2. Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA).

3. Code-division Multiple-Access (CDMA)

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Frequency-Division Multiple Access (FDMA)

 It is a communications technique that divides a communications


channel into a number of equally spaced frequency bands

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Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA)

It is a digital transmission technology that allows a number of users to


access a single radio-frequency (RF) channel without interference by
allocating unique time slots to each user within each channel.

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

is a wireless communications technology that uses the


principle of spread spectrum communication.

There are three ways to spread the bandwidth of the signal:


 Frequency hopping
 Time hopping
 Direct sequence

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

 CDMA is a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum system


CDMA Features:
o All users use same frequency and may transmit simultaneously
o Narrowband message signal multiplied by wideband spreading
signal, or codeword
o Each user has its own pseudo-codeword (orthogonal to others).
o Receivers detect only the desired codeword. All others appear
as noise.
o Receivers must know transmitter’s codeword.

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

Pseudo-Noise Spreading

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum System

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Processing Gain:

is the processing gain

fc is Chipping Frequency (the bit rate of the PN code).

fi is Information Frequency (the bit rate of the digital data).

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
System Capacity:
The capacity of a system is approximated by :

is the maximum number of simultaneous calls


is the processing gain
is the total signal to noise ratio per bit
is the inter-cell interference factor.

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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Advantages:
oIncreased capacity
oImproved voice quality
oEliminating the audible effects of multipath fading
oEnhanced privacy and security
oReduced average transmitted power
oReduced interference to other electronic devices

Disadvantages:
oWide bandwidth per user required
oPrecision code synchronization needed

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Thank you for attendance
Any question?

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