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    6 Centrifugal Compressor I

    Uploaded by

    Bassam Amir
    Centrifugal compressors use rotating impellers to compress gases. They are used in applications like turbochargers, refrigeration, gas transportation, and oil/gas industries. Their construction includes a diaphragm casing, impeller, diffuser, and seals to prevent leakage. Common shaft seals include dry gas seals, liquid film seals, mechanical seals, and carbon ring seals. Journal and thrust bearings support the shaft and impeller. Tilting pad journal and thrust bearings help stabilize the load.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 Centrifugal Compressor I

    Uploaded by

    Bassam Amir
    173 views40 pages
    Centrifugal compressors use rotating impellers to compress gases. They are used in applications like turbochargers, refrigeration, gas transportation, and oil/gas industries. Their construction includes a diaphragm casing, impeller, diffuser, and seals to prevent leakage. Common shaft seals include dry gas seals, liquid film seals, mechanical seals, and carbon ring seals. Journal and thrust bearings support the shaft and impeller. Tilting pad journal and thrust bearings help stabilize the load.

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    Centrifugal compressors use rotating impellers to compress gases. They are used in applications like turbochargers, refrigeration, gas transportation, and oil/gas industries. Their construction includes a diaphragm casing, impeller, diffuser, and seals to prevent leakage. Common shaft seals include dry gas seals, liquid film seals, mechanical seals, and carbon ring seals. Journal and thrust bearings support the shaft and impeller. Tilting pad journal and thrust bearings help stabilize the load.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    173 views40 pages

    6 Centrifugal Compressor I

    Uploaded by

    Bassam Amir
    Centrifugal compressors use rotating impellers to compress gases. They are used in applications like turbochargers, refrigeration, gas transportation, and oil/gas industries. Their construction includes a diaphragm casing, impeller, diffuser, and seals to prevent leakage. Common shaft seals include dry gas seals, liquid film seals, mechanical seals, and carbon ring seals. Journal and thrust bearings support the shaft and impeller. Tilting pad journal and thrust bearings help stabilize the load.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 40

    COMPRESSORS

    CENTRIFUGAL
    COMPRESSOR
    CONSTRUCTION
    How it works

    Uses

    Construction

    Seals

    Bearing
    HOW IT WORKS
    USES
    Turbochargers Large scale refrigeration cycles (LNG & LPG)

    Chemical industries
    Gas transportation Oil & gas industries
    CONSTRUCTION
    Diaphragm Casing
    IMPELLER
    DIFFUSER
    DIFFUSER
    DIAPHRAGMS
    BALANCE PISTON
    SEALS
    SEALS: TYPES

    Interstage seal

    Shaft end seal


    INTERSTAGE SEALS: LABYRINTH SEAL

    Stationary element

    High pressure Low pressure


    gas gas

    Rotating element
    INTERSTAGE SEALS: LABYRINTH SEAL

    Diaphragm seal
    INTERSTAGE SEALS: LABYRINTH SEAL

    Eye
    seal
    Diaphragm
    seal

    Balance
    drum seal Eye seal
    Diaphragm seal
    SHAFT END SEALS: 1/4 CARBON RING SEAL

    Buffer
    gas

    Bearing

    Buffer gas
    • To protect bearing oil from an extremely hot or cold process gas
    • To prevent bearing oil from migration into the process gas (when the suction pressure is negative)
    • To prevent a dangerous (flammable, toxic contaminated or corrosive) gas from escaping to
    atmosphere
    SHAFT END SEALS: 2/4 LIQUID FILM SEAL
    Clean Oil
    buffer gas supply

    Process gas Atmosphere


    side (bearing) side

    Rotating element

    Gas side Atmospheric


    bushing side bushing

    Stationary element

    Contaminated Clean oil


    oil
    SHAFT END SEALS: 2/4 LIQUID FILM SEAL

    Shaft

    Labyrinth Gas side Atmospheric Shaft


    seal bushing side bushing sleeve

    Process gas Atmosphere


    side side

    Oil Clean
    Contaminated oil
    supply oil
    SHAFT END SEALS: 3/4 MECHANICAL SEAL

    Atmosphere Spring Process gas


    side side

    Rotating face Stationary face


    SHAFT END SEALS: 4/4 DRY GAS SEAL

    Spring

    Shaft

    Rotating Stationary
    face face
    SHAFT END SEALS: 4/4 DRY GAS SEAL

    Unidirectional
    rotation shaft

    Bidirectional
    rotation shaft
    SHAFT END SEALS: 4/4 DRY GAS SEAL
    SHAFT END SEALS

    Dry gas seal

    Liquid film seal

    Mechanical seal

    Carbon ring seal


    BEARINGS
    BEARINGS: TYPES

    Journal (radial)
    bearing

    Thrust (axial)
    bearing
    Bearing
    JOURNAL BEARING:
    STRAIGHT TYPE No rotation
    Shaft
    F

    Start of rotation
    F
    Wedge
    action
    F

    Steady state F
    JOURNAL BEARING:
    TILTING PAD TYPE
    Shoe Pivot
    (pad)

    Shaft

    Each pad acts separately to keep the bearing loaded


    and therefore stabilized  Inherently stable
    JOURNAL BEARING:
    TILTING PAD TYPE
    THRUST BEARING:
    BASIC TYPE Thrust
    rings
    F

    Thrust
    collar

    There is some probability of load reversal  the


    thrust bearing should be able to withstand load in
    both directions
    THRUST BEARING:
    TILTING PAD (KINGSBURY-MICHELL) TYPE
    THRUST BEARING:
    TILTING PAD (KINGSBURY-MICHELL) TYPE
    THRUST BEARING:
    TILTING PAD (KINGSBURY-MICHELL) TYPE
    THRUST BEARING:
    TILTING PAD (KINGSBURY-MICHELL) TYPE
    CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR CONSTRUCTION

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