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    8A Nosocomial Infection

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    SuminaShrestha
    Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, can affect patients and hospitals. They are infections developed after 48 hours of hospitalization from treatment, surgery, or the hospital environment. Factors like prolonged stays, underlying illness, compromised immunity, indwelling catheters, and lack of handwashing increase risk. Hospitals establish infection control programs, committees, and officers to monitor infections, train staff, control outbreaks, and ensure clean environments and practices through policies, audits, and coordination between departments.

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    8A Nosocomial Infection

    Uploaded by

    SuminaShrestha
    1K views15 pages
    Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, can affect patients and hospitals. They are infections developed after 48 hours of hospitalization from treatment, surgery, or the hospital environment. Factors like prolonged stays, underlying illness, compromised immunity, indwelling catheters, and lack of handwashing increase risk. Hospitals establish infection control programs, committees, and officers to monitor infections, train staff, control outbreaks, and ensure clean environments and practices through policies, audits, and coordination between departments.

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    Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, can affect patients and hospitals. They are infections developed after 48 hours of hospitalization from treatment, surgery, or the hospital environment. Factors like prolonged stays, underlying illness, compromised immunity, indwelling catheters, and lack of handwashing increase risk. Hospitals establish infection control programs, committees, and officers to monitor infections, train staff, control outbreaks, and ensure clean environments and practices through policies, audits, and coordination between departments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views15 pages

    8A Nosocomial Infection

    Uploaded by

    SuminaShrestha
    Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, can affect patients and hospitals. They are infections developed after 48 hours of hospitalization from treatment, surgery, or the hospital environment. Factors like prolonged stays, underlying illness, compromised immunity, indwelling catheters, and lack of handwashing increase risk. Hospitals establish infection control programs, committees, and officers to monitor infections, train staff, control outbreaks, and ensure clean environments and practices through policies, audits, and coordination between departments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Hospital-acquired infections

    Hospital infection is called “nosocomial infection”

    It affects both patient and hospital

    The term “nosocominal” is derived from the Greek

    Word“Nosoicomeion” meaning health care facility.


    Nosocomial infection is acquired while in hospital or

    health agency is providing health services to patient.


    It is the infection that develops in patients after more

    than 48 hours of hospitalization


    Frequency of NI
    In the US: Nosocomial infections are estimated to occur in

    5% of all acute care hospitalizations.


    They ranked hospital wards according to their association

    with central-line bloodstream infections. The highest rates


    of infection occurred in the burn ICU, neonatal ICU, and
    pediatric ICU.
    All hospitalized patients are at risk of acquiring an

    infection from their treatment or surgery. Some


    patients are at greater risk than others, especially
    young children, the elderly, and persons with
    compromised immune systems.
    Factors Influencing HAI
    A prolonged hospital stay

    Severity of underlying illness

    Compromised nutritional or immune status

    Use of indwelling catheters

    Failure of health care workers to wash their hands

    between patients or before procedures


    Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from the

    overuse of antibiotics
    Infection Control Organization
    in Hospital
    Provide the funds and resources for infection control
    programme
    Ensure a safe and clean environment
    Ensure the availability of safe food and drinking water
    Ensure the availability of sterile supplies and material
    Established an infection control committee and teams
    Infection control organization
    in a hospital
    1. Infection Control Program
    2. Infection Control Committee
    3. Infection Control Team
    4. Infection Control Officer
    5. Infection Control Nurse
    6. Infection Control Manual
    Objective of infection Control
    program
    Monitoring of hospital associated infections

    Training of staff in prevention and control of Hospital

    Acquired Infection
    Investigation of outbreaks

    Controlling the outbreak


    Monitoring of staff health to prevent staff to patient and

    patient to staff spread of infection.


    Advice on isolation procedures and infection control

    measures
    Infection control audit including inspection of waste

    disposal, laundry and kitchen


    Monitoring and advice on the safe use of antibiotics.
    Basic elements of hospital
    infection control program
    Providing a system of identification and reporting of
    infections and providing a system for keeping records
    of infections.
    Providing for good hospital hygiene, aseptic technique
    and sterilization and disinfections practices.
    Providing for personnel orientation and continuing
    education program in infection prevention and control.
    Providing for co-ordination with all departments and
    with medical/ nursing audit committee in quality
    assurance.
    Epidemiological Triad
    The agent host and environmental factors interact
    and interplay which result into the causation of any
    disease.
    The environment plays a role of fulcrum, if we treat
    agent factors and host factors as two panes of balance.
    High Risk Procedures
    Injections
    Surgical Procedures
    Dressing of wounds
    Management of infected child birth
    Investigative Procedures
    Dialysis
    Major Stakeholders in the
    control ofServices
    Housekeeping Hospital Infections
    Laundry Services
    Dietary Services
    CSSD
    Security Services
    Air Conditioning
    Design of Building
    Nursing care
    Waste Disposal Program
    Antibiotic Policy of Hospital
    Universal Precautions
    Thanks

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