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ASTM C-39: Compressive Strength of Concrete

The document describes procedures for determining the compressive strength of concrete according to ASTM C-39. It involves making concrete cylinders and cubes of specified dimensions, allowing them to cure for 7 days, and then testing them in a compression testing machine. The maximum load at failure is recorded and used to calculate compressive strength. Several factors can affect the results, including specimen size and shape, mix proportions, curing methods, and temperature. The strength of concrete increases non-linearly over time, reaching about 65% of its target strength after 7 days and over 90% after 14 days.

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3K views30 pages

ASTM C-39: Compressive Strength of Concrete

The document describes procedures for determining the compressive strength of concrete according to ASTM C-39. It involves making concrete cylinders and cubes of specified dimensions, allowing them to cure for 7 days, and then testing them in a compression testing machine. The maximum load at failure is recorded and used to calculate compressive strength. Several factors can affect the results, including specimen size and shape, mix proportions, curing methods, and temperature. The strength of concrete increases non-linearly over time, reaching about 65% of its target strength after 7 days and over 90% after 14 days.

Uploaded by

Cho Wai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASTM C-39

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
OF CONCRETE
Contents

 Introduction  Type of Fracture


 Aim  Percent of concrete
 Apparatus compressive strength over
 Procedures time

 Factors affecting
compressive strength of
concrete
Introduction
 Concrete mixtures can be designed to provide a wide range
of mechanical and durability properties to meet the design
requirements of a structure.
 The compressive strength of concrete is the most common
performance measure used by the engineer in designing
buildings and other structures.
Aim
 To determine the ability of concrete to withstand
specific compressive forces
Apparatus
 Measured by breaking cylindrical concrete specimens in a
compression testing machine
 Cylinder Mold: 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height
 Cube Mold: 150mmx150mmx150mm(LxBxH)with aggregate
size is 38 mm
 100mmx100mmx100mm(LxBxH)with aggregate size is 19
mm used in India
Apparatus
 Compression Testing Machine
Apparatus
 Cylinder Mold: 150 mm diameter and 300 mm
height
Apparatus
 Cube Mold:
150mmx150mmx150mm(LxBxH)with aggregate
size is 38 mm
Procedures
1. Making of at least 3 concrete cube & 2 cylinder size in mold
by cement, sand and aggregate different ratio for different
grade of concrete
2. Use tamping rod for leveling the surface of mold

3. It is kept for 24 hours setting after water mix in concrete


4. After 24 hours it is kept in water for curing for 7 days
5. And taken out just 30 minute prior to start of test
Continued.
 
6. Now, concrete tube test by CTM machine, assuming (20 to
50 psi/sec)140 kg//minute load is applied on concrete cube
specimen of different grade till the cube collapse
7. Within 13 months of the last calibration
8. The maximum load at which the specimen breaks is taken as
a compressive load
9. Record
Step 1
 Making of at least 3 concrete cube & cylinder size
in mold by cement, sand and aggregate different
ratio for different grade of concrete
Step 1. Continued.
 The fresh concrete is prepared according to the
required grades & Respective Mix Proportion
Step 1. Continued.
 Once the fresh concrete is prepared, the inner
surface of mold is greased to avoid sticking of
concrete
Step 2
 Use tamping rod for leveling the surface
of mold
 The prepared fresh concrete is then filled
in mold four layers
 After filling each layers, tamping rod
should be done for 35 times for cube and
25 times for cylinder using a standard
tamping rod
Step 3
 One the mold is filled, the level of the top surface
with a trowel
 It is kept for 24 hours setting after water mix in
concrete
Step 4
 
 After a day, the mold is removed and the
specimens are dropped into the curing tank under a
temperature of 272
Step 5
 After 24 hours it is kept in water for curing for 7
days, 14 days & 28 days
 And then taken out just 30 minutes prior to start of
test
Step 5. Continued.
 Then, the specimen is placed vertically into the
compression testing machine
Step 6

 Now, concrete tube test by CTM machine,


assuming (20 to 50 psi/sec) load is applied on
concrete cube specimen of different grade till
the cube collapse
 Apply an Axial Load at a prescribed rate
continuously and without shock
Step 7
 Within 13 months of the last calibration
 Whenever there is reason to suspect the accuracy
of the indicated loads
Step 8
 The maximum load at which the
specimen breaks is taken as a
compressive load

   Compressive Strength=
Step 9

 Record the maximum load taken


 Length and Diameter
 ID number
 Age of Specimen
 Defects in Specimen
Factors affecting compressive strength
of concrete
 Size and Shape of Specimen
 Batch Procedures
 Mix Proportion
 Age of Concrete
 Quality of Materials used
 Curing Methods
 Temperature effects
Type of Fracture
Percent of concrete compressive
strength over time
 Relationship between concrete strength according to time
is not linear
 It means increasing strength is not increases according to
applied load as time increases, it will increase in
nonlinear
Continued.
 Concrete gains 16% of its initial strength within 24
hrs,
 Whereas concrete gains 65% of the target strength
by the time of 7 days of its casting and curing
Continued.
 Till 14 days concrete shows 90% of the target
strength and there after the gain in strength slows
down and it takes 28 days to achieve 99% of its
strength
Continued.
 We can judge the strength of concrete until it
becomes stable
 And we also won’t wait for 28 days to judge the
concrete whether it suitable for construction or not
to keep it balanced , concrete is tested at various
intervals
Table: Percent of Compressive
Strength over Time
Days % of Strength
1 16%
3 40%
7 65%
14 90%
21 94%
28 99%
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

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