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Polymorphism in Java

Polymorphism in Java is a concept by which we can perform a single action in different ways. Polymorphism is derived from 2 greek words: poly and morphs. The word "poly" means many and "morphs" means forms.

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Diksha Tripathi BHU
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165 views

Polymorphism in Java

Polymorphism in Java is a concept by which we can perform a single action in different ways. Polymorphism is derived from 2 greek words: poly and morphs. The word "poly" means many and "morphs" means forms.

Uploaded by

Diksha Tripathi BHU
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POLYMORPHISM IN JAVA

By: Diksha Tripathi


(M.Sc Computational Science & Applications with Specialization in Data Science)
Banaras Hindu University
AGENDA

 What is Polymorphism?
 Examples of Polymorphism
 Types of Polymorphism
 Essential conditions for achieving Polymorphism
 Static Polymorphism
 Q&A based on Static Polymorphism
 Dynamic Polymorphism
 Q&A based on Dynamic Polymorphism
 Static v/s Dynamic Polymorphism
What is Polymorphism?

 Polymorphism come from the two Greek words.


 ‘poly’ meaning many and ‘morphs” meaning forms

 The word polymorphism means having many forms.

 In JAVA, Polymorphism is the ability of an entity to take several forms.


Examples of Polymorphism

Pic Source: edureka


Types of Polymorphism

 Static Polymorphism/Compile time Polymorphism/Static Binding/Early binding

 Dynamic Polymorphism/Run time Polymorphism/Dynamic Binding/Late Binding


STATIC POLYMORPHISM DYNAMIC
POLYMORPHISM
• Two or more Methods of Same Name • Two or more methods of Same Name

• Within Same Class • Within Different Class

• Different Arguments • Same Arguments


 No. of arguments or  No. of arguments or
 Sequence of arguments or  Sequence of arguments or
 Type of arguments  Type of arguments
• Inheritance
Static Polymorphism

 It is also known as compile time polymorphism. This type of polymorphism is achieved


by method overloading.

 Method overloading: Method overloading is a feature that allows a class to include two or more
methods to have the same name but different parameter list.
Sample program for Static Polymorphism
Program

Output
Questions:

 1. Can we achieve method overloading by changing the return type of method only?

 2. Can we overload main() method?

 3. Does method overloading allows Type Promotion?


Answer:
 1. In Java, method overloading is not possible by changing the type of the method
only because of ambiguity.
 2. Yes, we can overload main method also.

 3. Yes, One type is automatically promoted to another implicitly if no matching Data


type is found. Below is the diagram:
Dynamic Polymorphism

 It is also known as Run time Polymorphism. It is a process in which a function call to the
overridden method is resolved at Runtime. This type of polymorphism is achieved by
Method Overriding.

 Method Overriding: Overriding is a feature that allows a subclass or child class to provide a
specific implementation of a method that is already provided by one of its super-classes or parent
classes.
Sample Program for Dynamic Polymorphism
Program:

Output:
Questions:

 1. Do overriding methods must have same return type(or subtype)?

 2. What is the relationship between Overriding and Access- Modifier?

 3. Can we invoke overridden method from sub-class?

 4. Can all methods overridden?


Ans 1: From Java 5.0 onwards it is possible to have different return type or a overriding method in child
class, but child’s return type should be sub-type of parent’s return type. It is known as Covariant return type.
Ans 2: The access modifier for an overriding method can allow more, but not less, access than the
overridden method.
For example, a protected instance method in the super class can be made public, but not private, in the
subclass. Doing so, will generate compile-time error.
Ans 3:Yes, we can call parent class method in overriding method by using super
keyword.
Ans 4: No, Final, Static and Private methods cannot be overridden.
Static v/s Dynamic Polymorphism

source: slideshare
THANK YOU

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