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    040 Physical & Chemical Properties 13s

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    MSKC
    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of matter. It defines physical properties such as mass, melting point, density, and state of matter. It also defines chemical properties such as reactivity and flammability. The document provides examples of physical and chemical properties for various substances like helium, wood, baking soda, and iron. It distinguishes between physical changes, which change a substance's form but not its chemical identity, and chemical changes, which result in new substances forming.

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    040 Physical & Chemical Properties 13s

    Uploaded by

    MSKC
    51 views13 pages
    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of matter. It defines physical properties such as mass, melting point, density, and state of matter. It also defines chemical properties such as reactivity and flammability. The document provides examples of physical and chemical properties for various substances like helium, wood, baking soda, and iron. It distinguishes between physical changes, which change a substance's form but not its chemical identity, and chemical changes, which result in new substances forming.

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    040 Physical & Chemical properties 13s

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    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of matter. It defines physical properties such as mass, melting point, density, and state of matter. It also defines chemical properties such as reactivity and flammability. The document provides examples of physical and chemical properties for various substances like helium, wood, baking soda, and iron. It distinguishes between physical changes, which change a substance's form but not its chemical identity, and chemical changes, which result in new substances forming.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    51 views13 pages

    040 Physical & Chemical Properties 13s

    Uploaded by

    MSKC
    This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of matter. It defines physical properties such as mass, melting point, density, and state of matter. It also defines chemical properties such as reactivity and flammability. The document provides examples of physical and chemical properties for various substances like helium, wood, baking soda, and iron. It distinguishes between physical changes, which change a substance's form but not its chemical identity, and chemical changes, which result in new substances forming.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Physical & Chemical

    Properties
    Scientists use characteristic
    properties to identify matter
    Physical Properties
     Many physical properties can be observed
    or measured
     Mass, volume, density (mass/volume)
     Color, shape, odor, texture
     Melting, boiling point
     Strength, hardness,
     Magnetism
     Ability to conduct electricity or heat
     State of matter (solid, liquid, gas)
    Specific Temperatures of Phase
    Changes
    Substance Melting Pt oC Boiling Pt oC
    Water 0 100
    Gold 1063 2970
    Carbon 3550 4827
    Mercury -39 357
    Nitrogen -209 -196
    Oxygen -218 -183
    NaCl 801 1413
    Density
     All matter has mass, volume & density
     Density determines whether an object will
    float or sink
     Density is the amount of mass in a volume
     Density = mass/volume
     D=m/V
    Density Examples
    Chemical
    Substance Formula Density in g/cm3
    Air mixture 0.00129
    Helium He 0.00018
    Water H20 1.0
    Ice H20 0.92
    Steel mixture 7.8
    Iron Fe 7.86
    Physical properties help to
    determine uses
     Copper used in electrical power lines

     Antifreeze (ethylene glycol) remains a


    liquid at temperature that would freeze or
    oil water in a car radiator

     Aluminum foil is lightweight, yet durable,


    water resistant and flexible
    Chemical Properties
     Describes how a substance reacts
     Reactivity – the ability of a substance to
    combine chemically with another substance
    (oxygen, acid, water or other substances)
     Iron reacts with oxygen to make rust Fe2O3

     Flammability – the ability of a substance to


    react in the presence of oxygen and burn
    when exposed to a flame
     Wood is flammable Gold is nonflammable
    Comparisons
    Substance Physical Chemical
    Helium less dense air nonflammable

    Wood grainy texture flammable

    Baking Soda white powder reacts w/vinegar

    Rubbing alcohol clear liquid flammable

    Iron malleable reacts with oxygen


    Physical Change
     A change of matter from one form to
    another without a change in chemical
    properties
     Torn paper
     Melting ice
     Crushing a can
     Sanding wood
     Dissolving sugar
     Although a physical change takes place, a
    substance will maintain its chemical
    properties

     Melting, freezing and evaporation - all


    changes of state - are physical changes
    because the identity of the substance does
    not change
     ice, water, steam – all are water!

     Physical changes are often easily reversed.


     Mixtures can be separated using physical
    and chemical properties.

     Physical properties such as solubility,


    magnetism, density and size can help
    separate mixtures.
    Chemical change
     A change that occurs when a substance
    changes composition by forming one or
    more new substances.

     Chemical changes are always


    accompanied by physical changes.
    Evidence of Chemical Reaction
    Chemical change or “reactivity” results in
     Temperature change (always)
     Flame or light or explosion
     Change color
     Bubbling (gasses) [NOT BOILING]
     Oxidation (rusting or tarnishing)
     Solid formation (precipitation) [NOT FREEZING]

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