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    Welded Joints: 07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 1

    Uploaded by

    Ali Mohsin
    This document discusses the design of welded joints. It describes how welding works by fusing metal parts together using heat. Welds are designed assuming load and stress are uniformly distributed. The document discusses advantages like light weight and strength, and disadvantages like residual stresses and required skilled labor. It describes different types of welded joints like edge, lap, fillet, and butt joints. Various examples of loaded welds are provided. The document concludes with an example problem calculating the safe bending force for a welded beam based on permissible shear stress.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Welded Joints: 07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 1

    Uploaded by

    Ali Mohsin
    29 views29 pages
    This document discusses the design of welded joints. It describes how welding works by fusing metal parts together using heat. Welds are designed assuming load and stress are uniformly distributed. The document discusses advantages like light weight and strength, and disadvantages like residual stresses and required skilled labor. It describes different types of welded joints like edge, lap, fillet, and butt joints. Various examples of loaded welds are provided. The document concludes with an example problem calculating the safe bending force for a welded beam based on permissible shear stress.

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    Weld_Joint

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    This document discusses the design of welded joints. It describes how welding works by fusing metal parts together using heat. Welds are designed assuming load and stress are uniformly distributed. The document discusses advantages like light weight and strength, and disadvantages like residual stresses and required skilled labor. It describes different types of welded joints like edge, lap, fillet, and butt joints. Various examples of loaded welds are provided. The document concludes with an example problem calculating the safe bending force for a welded beam based on permissible shear stress.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views29 pages

    Welded Joints: 07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 1

    Uploaded by

    Ali Mohsin
    This document discusses the design of welded joints. It describes how welding works by fusing metal parts together using heat. Welds are designed assuming load and stress are uniformly distributed. The document discusses advantages like light weight and strength, and disadvantages like residual stresses and required skilled labor. It describes different types of welded joints like edge, lap, fillet, and butt joints. Various examples of loaded welds are provided. The document concludes with an example problem calculating the safe bending force for a welded beam based on permissible shear stress.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    WELDED

    JOINTS

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 1


    Design of Welded Joints

    Welding is a fusion process, in which metal parts


    are heated to the melting point and fused
    together, usually with a filler of the same material
    melted along with the parent material.
    Welds are designed on the following two
    assumptions:
    1. Load is uniformly distributed along the
    entire length of weld
    2. Stress is also distributed uniformly

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 2


    Advantages

    1. Light in weight
    2. Efficiency of the joint can be as high as 100%
    3. Lower Cost
    4. Ease of fabrication
    5. Less noisy
    6. Air Tight & Water Tight
    7. Stronger than riveted joint
    8. Can also be used as a repair medium

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 3


    Disadvantages

    1. Cost of holding parts used in welding


    2. Cost of welding material and equipment
    3. Skilled labor is required
    4. Metallurgical changes due to temp
    5. The residual stresses may distort the part
    6. The fatigue life of a weld is often less than the
    base material

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 4


    Filler Metals
    Filler metal rods and wires are designated by a system
    established by the American Welding Society (AWS).

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 5


    Residual Stresses
     The uneven heating and cooling in welding operations
    gives rise to significant residual stresses in the vicinity of
    the weld
     The residual stresses may distort the part
     The residual stresses and discontinuities in a weld have a
    significant influence on the fatigue life of a part
     The fatigue life of a weld is often less than the base
    material
     Residual stresses are influenced by the % carbon found in
    the material being joined
     Residual stresses may be removed by annealing

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 6


    Types of Welding Joints

    1. Edge Joint
    2. Lap Joint
    3. Fillet Joint
    4. Butt Joint
    5. Corner joint

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 7


    Types of Welding Joints

    Edge Joint
    This joint is used to joint the two parts together

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 8


    Types of Welding Joints

    Lap Joint
    The lap joint is obtained by overlapping the plates &
    then welding the edges of the plates. The X-section of
    the joint is triangular

    Throat of weld
    Leg of weld Throat does not include
    reinforcement
    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 9
    Types of Welding Joints
    Lap Joint with Parallel Loading
    Welding is done parallel to the direction of the loading

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II


    P 10
    Types of Welding Joints
    Lap Joint with Transverse Loading
    Welding is done perpendicular to the direction of
    loading
    P

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II


    P 11
    Types of Welding Joints
    Lap Joint with Compound Loading
    Welding is done on both Parallel & perpendicular to the
    direction of loading
    P

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II


    P 12
    Types of Welding Joints
    Butt Welds
    The butt joint is obtained by placing the plates edge to edge as
    shown & then welding the edges of the plates

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 13


    Types of Welding Joints
    Corner Joints

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 14


    Types of Welding Joints

    Fillet Joint
    These are normally T-Joints.

    Double Fillet T-Joint Single Fillet T-Joint

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 15


    Welds Loaded in Shear

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 16


    Welds Loaded in Shear

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 17


    Torsion in Welded Joints

    From notice
    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 18
    Eccentrically Loaded Welds

    Actual Loading Equivalent Loading


    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 19
    Eccentrically Loaded Welds

    Shear stress per unit length and


    throat width. τ = cd

    c = proportionality constant

    Shear stress is proportional to


    the distance from the c.g.

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 20


    Eccentrically Loaded Welds

    Shear stress per unit length and


    throat width. τ = cd

    Polar Moment of Inertia of Weld Line

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 21


    Eccentrically Loaded Welds
    Moment of Contribution
    y My
    x     
    d J
    x Mx
    y   
    d J
    Component Totals
    y My Px
    x      
    d J L
    x Mx Py
    y    
    Note sign convention d J L
    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 22
    Eccentrically Loaded Welds

    Component Totals
    y My Px
    x      
    d J L
    x Mx Py
    y    
    d J L
    Total Shear stress

       x2   y2
    τ Is the shear stress per unit length h is the minimum leg length
    and unit throat width of the fillet weld
    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 23
    Example Weld C.G. Location

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 24


    Example
    Weld Polar Moment of Inertia

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 25


    Example Weld Stress

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 26


    Example
    Minimum Weld Size

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 27


    Problem Statement

    A 3/8 inch steel bar, to be used as a beam, is welded to


    a vertical support using two fillet welds as illustrated.
    Find the safe bending force F if the permissible shear
    stress in the welds is 20 ksi.

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 28


    Solution y
    Given
    1”
    C. G x

    1”
    Find polar moment of inertia of the
    weld line based on a unit shear plane
    thickness
    Iyy = 2(1/12)(1)(2)3 = 1.33 in3
    Find the safe bending force Ixx = 2(2)(1)(1)3 = 4 in3
    F if the permissible shear
    stress in the welds is 20 ksi.

    07/02/2021 Machine Design & Cad-II 29

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