MODULE
2 ◦ Management Science
MODULE G ALS FLEX Course Material
System of Linear Inequalities
College of Business and Accountancy
LESSON
#2
LEARNING
OUTC MES
System of Linear
Understand the concept of
solving linear inequalities in
Inequalities
two variables.
Graph the solution set of
linear inequalities with
accuracy and precision.
System of Linear In equalities
A system of linear inequalities consists of a set of two or more linear inequalities with the same
variables. The inequalities define the conditions that are to be considered simultaneously.
Illustrative example:
1. y ≥ 2x + 3 2. x + y ≤ 5 3. x – y ≤ 1
y > -x – 3 2x + y ≤ 8 x+y ≤3
x ≥ 2 y ≥ 3
Note:
To solve a system of linear inequalities means to find the ordered pairs that will satisfy all the
conditions imposed on the variables. The solution set is also known as the feasible region.
◦ Illustrative example 1:
◦ Solve the system and shade the area of the feasible region.
◦ 1. x–y≤1 Step 3: Plot the x and y intercepts in the cartesian
x+y ≤3 plane and shade the feasible region.
Y- axis
Step 1: Set the inequality to equation.
E1: x – y = 1 , E2: x + y = 3 Area of the feasible
region
Step 2: Determine the x-intercept and y-intercept.
x – y = 1 let x = 0, then y = – 1 y- intercept is (0, – 1)
supply line x – y =
let y = 0, then x = 1 x - intercept is (1, 0) (0 ,3)
1
x + y = 3 let x = 0, then y = 3 y - intercept is (0, 3)
(3, 0) X- axis
let y = 0, the x = 3 x - intercept is (3, 0)
(1, 0)
demand line x +y=
(0 , -1)
3
◦ Illustrative example 2:
◦ Solve the system and shade the area of the feasible region.
◦ 1. x+y≥1
◦ 2x – y ≤ 5
x + 2y ≤ 10
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Step 1: Set the inequality to equation.
E1: x + y = 1, E2: 2x – y = 5, E3; x + 2y =10, E4; x = 0, E5; y=0
Step 2: Determine the x-intercept and y-intercept.
x + y = 1 let x = 0, then y = 1 y- intercept is (0, 1)
let y = 0, then x = 1 x - intercept is (1, 0)
2x – y = 5 let x = 0, then y = –5 y - intercept is (0, – 5)
let y = 0, the 2x = 5 x - intercept is (2.5, 0)
2x – y = 5
2 2
x +2y = 10 (0,5)
x + 2y =10, let x = 0, then 2y = 10 y - intercept is (0, 5)
Area of the feasible region
2 2
(2.5,0
let y = 0, then x = 10 x- intercept is (10, 0)
(0,1) (10, 0)
x=0 y=0
(1,0) 10
y=0
Step 3: Plot the x and y intercepts in the cartesian plane and x+y=1
shade the feasible region. x+y≥1 (0,-5)
2x – y ≤ 5 x=0
x + 2y ≤ 10
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
◦ Illustrative example 3:
◦ Identify the feasibility region by shading the appropriate plane.
◦ . 2x + 3y ≥ 6
◦ x–y ≥–1
◦ x≤2
◦ y≤2
Step 1: Set the inequality to equation.
E1: 2x + 3y = 6, E2: x – y = – 1, E3: x = 2, E4: y = 2
Step 2 and 3: Determine the x-intercept and y-intercept and shade the feasible region.
E1: 2x + 3y = 6 let x = 0, 3y = 6, dividing both sides of the equation by 3
3y = 6 y=2 (0, 2) y - intercept
3 3
let y = 0, 2x = 6, dividing both sides of the equation by 2
2x = 6 x=3 (3, 0) x - intercept
2 2
E2: x – y = – 1, let x = 0, y = 1 (0, 1) y – intercept
let y = 0, x = – 1 (– 1, 0 ) x – intercept.
E3: x = 2,
Y- axis
E4: y = 2
x=2
x – y = -1
Shade the area of the
Feasible region,
AREA OF THE FEASIBLE
◦ 2x + 3y ≥ 6 REGION
(0, 2)
◦ x–y ≥–1 y=2
(0, 1)
◦ x≤2
(3, 0) X- axis
◦ y≤2 (-1, 0)
2x + 3y = 6
◦ Illustrative example 4:
◦ Identify the inequality corresponding to each line of the following:
◦ Line 1 is a supply line and the shading is from
Y-axis
◦ the line going down.
◦ Therefore the symbol is ≥.
L3
◦ using the intercepts we can write
◦ the inequality of Line 1. The y-intercept (0, 1) L1
◦ is the numerical coefficient of x and
(0, 4)
◦ the x-intercept (– 1, 0) is the numerical coefficient of y.
Then the equation will be;
(0, 1)
1 (x) + (– 1) (y) = (1)(– 1)
(4, 0)
X-axis
x–y= –1
(-1, 0) (2, 0)
Therefore the inequality of L1 is; x – y ≥ – 1
L2
Activity:
◦ 1. Solve the given system of linear inequalities completely:
x –2y ≤ 10
3x + y ≤ 9
x ≥ 0
y ≥ 0
◦ 2. Identify the feasibility region by shading the appropriate plane.
x + y ≥ 4
3x + 3y ≤ 18
x ≥ 3
y ≥ 0
◦ 3. Identify the inequality to each line in each of the following:
Y-axis
◦
L1
L1: __________________________
Area of the L2: __________________________
feasible region
L3: __________________________
X-axis
L2 L3
KEEP SAFE EVERYONE
END
