Bhopal Upper Lake

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LIFELINE-

THE UPPER LAKE


BHOPAL
INTRODUCTION
 The lakes of Bhoj Wetland that are
home to many bird species and
provide water to the local residents
are now polluted and need urgent
attention from the government.
 Situated in the heart of Bhopal district
in Madhya Pradesh, the Bhoj Wetland
consists of two man-made lakes – the
upper lake and the lower lake.
 The upper lake, the  oldest among
large man-made lakes in central India,
was created in the 11th century when
king Bhoj build an earthen dam
across the Kolar River. The lower lake
was constructed nearly 200 years ago
mostly from the seepage from the
upper lake
IMPORTANCE OF UPPER LAKE
 The upper lake in Bhopal is an important wetland
which is home to more than 700 species of diverse
flora like zooplankton, phytoplankton, etc.

 The wetland is also an important site of avian


fauna with more than 150 species of both migratory
and resident birds.

 This rich biodiversity of the wetland has, however,


been affected adversely in the last few years due to
various anthropogenic pressures and natural
calamities, irregular rainfall during the last decade
being one of them.

 The upper lake is the principal source of drinking


water for the city of Bhopal.

  These lakes are ideal spots for watersports like


kayaking, canoeing, parasailing, and water skiing
and attract tourists in hordes.
SOURCES OF POLLUTION
URBANISATION
 The last six decades have seen rapid
urbanisation near the Bhoj wetland
resulting in various environmental
problems.

 The water quality is getting


deteriorated from the sewage inflow
from urban areas, agricultural waste
from rural areas and industrial
effluents.

 A 2012 survey report, Excreta Matters, released by the CSE says that
out of the 193 MLD (Million Liters Per Day)  of sewage officially
generated in Bhopal, only 39 MLD sewage gets treated. The
remaining sewage goes into water sources like the upper lake which
is also a source of drinking water for 40 percent of the Bhopal's
population.
AGRICULTURAL WASTE
 The water quality has been affected by
the inflow of sewage, nutrients and
toxins from catchment areas.

 It is estimated that 9.82 Million Gallons


Per Day  (44 MLD) of sewage enters the
upper lake daily.

 More than 80 percent of the catchment


is rural and dominated by agriculture.

 The agriculture runoff from the rural catchment enters directly via
streams into the lake.

 It affects the quality of water in the Lake and is a long-term threat to


the health of the lake.
DOMESTIC WASTE
 The sewage problem of the colonies
residing along the upper and lower
lakes have not been addressed
properly .

 The domestic sewage enters the upper


lake from areas like Nehru Park,
Gandhi Nagar, CTO, Noor Mahal,
Malipura, etc .

 People throw their domestic waste in


the Upper lake like waste accumulated
after any ritual ceremony etc.
REMEDIES TO REDUCE AND CONTROL
THE POLLUTION
 Dredging and de-silting are required to improve water quality.
 Treatment of catchment area.
 The government needs to develop a sewage treatment
management scheme to stop sewage from entering the lakes.
 Solid waste management and other shoreline or fringe-area
management activities.
 Installation of floating fountains are also needed.
 Spread awareness among the people to not throw the domestic
waste into the lake.

WATER THE BEST PRESENT WE THE PRESENT GENERATION CAN GIVE TO OUR
FUTURE GENERATION
THANK YOU

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