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    Explain Ingestion, Absorption, Assimilation, and Excretion S8LT

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    Joseph Gabriel Genuino Cruz
    The document explains the multi-step process of digestion, from ingestion of food through its excretion. It describes ingestion of food through the mouth, movement through the esophagus, and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the stomach. It then discusses absorption of nutrients in the small intestine and elimination of waste in the large intestine and rectum. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas play important roles in digestion through production and secretion of enzymes and bile.

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    Explain Ingestion, Absorption, Assimilation, and Excretion S8LT

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Gabriel Genuino Cruz
    1K views20 pages
    The document explains the multi-step process of digestion, from ingestion of food through its excretion. It describes ingestion of food through the mouth, movement through the esophagus, and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the stomach. It then discusses absorption of nutrients in the small intestine and elimination of waste in the large intestine and rectum. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas play important roles in digestion through production and secretion of enzymes and bile.

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    week 1 sci 8

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    The document explains the multi-step process of digestion, from ingestion of food through its excretion. It describes ingestion of food through the mouth, movement through the esophagus, and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the stomach. It then discusses absorption of nutrients in the small intestine and elimination of waste in the large intestine and rectum. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas play important roles in digestion through production and secretion of enzymes and bile.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views20 pages

    Explain Ingestion, Absorption, Assimilation, and Excretion S8LT

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Gabriel Genuino Cruz
    The document explains the multi-step process of digestion, from ingestion of food through its excretion. It describes ingestion of food through the mouth, movement through the esophagus, and mechanical and chemical breakdown in the stomach. It then discusses absorption of nutrients in the small intestine and elimination of waste in the large intestine and rectum. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas play important roles in digestion through production and secretion of enzymes and bile.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Explain ingestion, absorption,

    assimilation, and excretion S8LT-


    IVa-13
    MELC

    06/28/21 1
    Objectives

    1. Trace the pathway of food from mouth


    to the anus
    2. Explain how food is digested into a form
    that can be absorbed by the body
    3. Value food as a form of nourishment for
    the body rather than a form of pleasure

    06/28/21 2
    Digestive
    System
    Digestion
    • Phases Include
    1. Ingestion
    2. Movement
    3. Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
    4. Absorption
    5. Elimination
    Digestion
    • Types
    – Mechanical (physical)
    • Chew
    • Tear
    • Grind
    • Mash
    • Mix
    – Chemical
    • Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of
    – Carbohydrates
    – Proteins
    – Lipids
    Digestive System Organization
    • Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract
    – Tube within a tube
    – Direct link/path between organs
    – Structures
    • Mouth
    • Pharynx
    • Esophagus
    • Stomach
    • Small intestine
    • Large Intestine
    • Rectum

    6
    Mouth
    • Teeth mechanically • Epiglottis is a flap-like
    break down food into structure at the back of
    small pieces. Tongue the throat that closes
    mixes food with saliva over the trachea
    (contains amylase, preventing food from
    which helps break down entering it. It is located
    starch). in the Pharynx.
    Esophagus
    • Approximately 20 cm long.
    • Functions include:
    1. Secrete mucus
    2. Moves food from the throat to
    the stomach using muscle
    movement called peristalsis
    • If acid from the stomach gets in
    here that’s heartburn.
    Mouth, Pharynx and Esophagus Video
    Stomach
    • J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you
    eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces.
    • Mixes food with Digestive Juices that contain
    enzymes to break down Proteins and Lipids.
    Lipids
    • Acid (HCl) in the stomach Kills Bacteria.
    • Food found in the stomach is called Chyme.

    9
    Small Intestine
    • Small intestines are roughly 7 meters long
    • Lining of intestine walls has finger-like
    projections called villi, to increase surface
    area.
    • The villi are covered in microvilli which
    further increases surface area for
    absorption.

    Crash Course Review


    10
    Small Intestine
    • Nutrients from the food pass into the
    bloodstream through the small
    intestine walls.

    • Absorbs:
    – 80% ingested water
    – Vitamins
    – Minerals
    – Carbohydrates
    – Proteins
    – Lipids

    • Secretes digestive enzymes


    11
    Large Intestine
    • About 1.5 meters long
    • Accepts what small intestines don’t
    absorb
    • Rectum (short term storage which
    holds feces before it is expelled).
    Large Intestine
    • Functions
    – Bacterial digestion
    • Ferment carbohydrates

    – Absorbs more water


    – Concentrate wastes
    Accessory Organs The Glands
    • Not part of the path
    of food, but play a
    critical role.
    • Include: Liver, gall
    bladder, and
    pancreas
    Liver
    • Directly affects digestion by producing
    bile
    – Bile helps digest fat
    • filters out toxins and waste including
    drugs and alcohol and poisons.

    15
    Gall Bladder
    • Stores bile from the
    liver, releases it into the
    small intestine.
    • Fatty diets can cause
    gallstones
    Pancreas
    • Produces digestive
    enzymes to digest fats,
    carbohydrates and
    proteins
    • Regulates blood sugar
    by producing insulin

    Web Page Reinforcement Video


    On a sheet of paper, write the name of
    each colored organ:
    • Green:
    • Red:
    • Pink:
    • Brown:
    • Purple:
    • Green:
    • Yellow:
    How’d you do?
    • Green: Esophagus
    • Red: Stomach
    • Pink: Small Intestine
    • Brown: Large Intestine
    • Purple: Liver
    • Green: Gall Bladder
    • Yellow: Pancreas

    Great Job!

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