Topic

Potential skill set for

software professionals
 Potential skill

H ar d t S ki ll
S k ill So f
Hard Skill
 Hard Skill
# Artificial Intelligence
# Cloud Computing
# Computer programming
# Data analysis
# Machine learning
# MySQL
# Objective-C
# Software Development
# Web Development
 Artificial Intelligence
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial intelligence, commonly referred to as
AI, is the process of imparting data, information
and human intelligence to machines. The main
goal of Artificial Intelligence is to develop self-
reliant machines that can think and act like
humans. These machines can mimic human
behavior and perform tasks by learning and
problem-solving. 
Let’s have a look at an example of an AI-
driven product - Amazon Echo.
 Amazon Echo is a smart speaker that uses Alexa,
the virtual assistant AI technology developed by Amazon.
Amazon Alexa is capable of voice interaction, playing
music, setting alarms, playing audiobooks, and giving real-
time information such as news, weather, sports, and traffic
reports.

As you can see in the illustration below, the person

wants to know the current temperature in Chicago. The
person’s voice is first converted into a machine-readable
format. The formatted data is then fed into the Amazon
Alexa system for processing and analyzing. Finally, Alexa
returns the desired voice output via Amazon Echo.
 Applications of Artificial Intelligence

1. Machine Translation such as Google Translate.

2. Self Driving Vehicles such as Google’s Waymo.

3. AI Robots such as Sophia and Aibo.

4. Speech Recognition applications like Apple’s Siri or OK

Google.
 Cloud Computing
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing refers to a range of
computing services that are available over the
Internet and not stored on your own computers or
servers. Users pay for cloud-based services on an
as-needed basis, whether it’s the amount of storage
needed, the number of users of a software
application, or the variety of services used. 
 There are three main types of cloud computing
services
1. Software-as-a-Service(SaaS)
Comprises end-user applications delivered as a service, rather than as
traditional, on-premises software.
Examples of SaaS :: Cisco WebEx, Salesforce, Google Apps

2. Platform-as-a-Service(PaaS)
Provides an application platform or middleware as a service on
which developers can build and deploy custom applications.
Examples of PaaS :: Microsoft Azure, AWS Elastic,
force.com
3. Infrastructure-as-a-Service(IaaS)
Primarily encompasses the hardware and technology for
computing power, storage, operating systems or other
infrastructure, delivered as off-premises, on-demand services
rather than as dedicated capability.

Examples of PaaS :: Google Cloud Platform(GCP),

Amazon EC2, Amazon Web Service (AWS)
 Computer programming
What is Computer programming?

Computer programming is a way of giving

computers instructions about what they should do
next. These instructions are known as code, and
computer programmers write code to solve
problems or perform a task.
 Programming generally results in a specific
set of actions or the creation of a tangible result,
whether it is a software application, a web page
or even just an image displayed on a computer
screen. Computer programmer skills often
combine creativity with technical and analytical
elements.
In many ways, programming represents a
perfect merging of art and science.
 Data analysis
What is Data analysis?

The basics of data analysis involve retrieving and

gathering large volumes of data, organizing it, and
turning it into insights businesses can use to make
better decisions and reach conclusions. To share their
findings with business decision-makers, an analyst (or
data visualization specialist) may create charts, graphs,
etc. In short: they take worthless data and produce
meaningful, actionable results.
 For example, a data analyst might take an
overwhelming amount of information collected from
thousands of customer surveys (or look at past
customer purchases, etc.), clean it up, and produce
reports and visual representations of the data to
pinpoint ways to improve the company’s
product/increase revenues (whether it’s an app, luxury
car manufacturer, supermarket, etc.)
FACTS ABOUT DATA ANALYSIS AS
A CAREER:
1. You can work in a wide variety of industries like
healthcare, finance, marketing, fast food, retail IT,
etc. Whatever you’re interested in!

2. Average salary: $62,453

3. Demand has exploded for data analysts because

we’re creating more and more new data every day.
For example, Google processes 40,000+ search
queries every second on average (3.5M
searches each day, 1.2 trillion searches per year).
And this continues to climb!
 Machine Learning
What is Machine Learning?

Machine learning is a discipline of computer

science that uses computer algorithms and analytics
to build predictive models that can solve business
problems. 

As per McKinsey & Co., machine learning is

based on algorithms that can learn from data without
relying on rules-based programming.
 Machine learning accesses vast amounts of data (both
structured and unstructured) and learns from it to predict the
future. It learns from the data by using multiple algorithms and
techniques.

Below is a diagram that shows how a machine learns from data.

 Machine Learning Applications

1. Sales forecasting for different products

2. Fraud analysis in banking

3. Product recommendations

4. Stock price prediction

 MySQL

MySQL is an open-source relational database

management system that works on many platforms. It
provides multi-user access to support many storage
engines and is backed by Oracle. So, you can buy a
commercial license version from Oracle to get premium
support services.
 Features of MySQL
1. Ease of Management ::
 The software very easily gets downloaded and also uses an event
scheduler to schedule the tasks automatically.

2. Comprehensive Application Development ::

MySQL has plugin libraries to embed the database into any
application. It also supports stored procedures, triggers, functions,
views and many more for application development. You can refer
to the RDS Tutorial, to understand Amazon’s RDBMS. 

3. High Performance ::
Provides fast load utilities with distinct memory caches and table
index partitioning.
4. Low Total Cost Of Ownership ::
This reduces licensing costs and hardware expenditures.

5. Open Source & 24 * 7 Support ::

 This RDBMS can be used on any platform and offers 24*7
support for open source and enterprise edition.

6. Secure Data Protection ::

 MySQL supports powerful mechanisms to ensure that only
authorized users have access to the databases.
 Objective-C
What is Objective-C?

Objective-C is the primary programming

language uses when writing software for OS X and
iOS. Objective-C is a superset of the C
programming language and provides object-
oriented capabilities and a dynamic runtime.
 Objective-C inherits the syntax, primitive types, and flow
control statements of C and adds syntax for defining classes and
methods. It also adds language-level support for object graph
management and object literals while providing dynamic typing
and binding, deferring many responsibilities until runtime.

Objective-C is often used in older apps, as most

iOS apps are now coded in Swift. Therefore it’s crucial
that you test a mobile app developer’s Objective-C
skills alongside their Swift coding skills.
 Software Development
What is Software Development?

Software development is focused on the

programs (or software) used in computer systems.
Software developers are responsible for
conceptualizing, creating, programming, documenting,
testing, improving and maintaining software, software
components and frameworks.
 Software developers generally create programs and
applications for stand-alone desktop and mobile platforms.
The software they create allows average users to interact
with computer tools for a range of activities and tasks.
 Web Development
What is Web Development?
 Web development uses computer code to create
user-facing software in the form of websites.
Web developers use coding and writing markup to
create interactive webpages. These pages can be as
simple as online text files or as complicated as e-
commerce sites. No matter the end product, if users are
accessing it in their web browser, then there's a good
chance that it was built—at least partially—by a web
developer. 
 Web development can be divided into two separate
focuses, namely client side and server side.
1. Client-side development is responsible for every element
that users can directly access on the page. The client-side
systems allow the users to tell the webpage what they
want it to do.
2. Server-side development supports the back-end systems
that make up the digital infrastructure of the web page.
The server-side systems are responsible for fulfilling
those requests.
3. If you know back-end development and front-end
development then you would be called a full-stack
developer.
Soft Skill
 Soft Skill
# Communication
# Creativity
# Determination
# Empathy
# Leadership
# Negotiation
# Patience
# Teamwork
 Communication
The ability to communicate effectively, both
orally and in writing, is a universally desirable skill.
Strong communication isn’t just the ability to speak in
front of a group without stammering but it’s also
finding ways to diplomatically convey your message.
Programmers can be in a tough spot with this because
it isn’t always easy explaining a highly-technical
subject to an unfamiliar audience.
 As you progress in your career, you’ll spend even
more time interacting with people who may not be as
technically proficient, so it’s incredibly important to master
the art of simplified communication. The (Keep It Simple,
Stupid!) method will treat you well - don’t get caught up in
technical details when a simple summary will do.
 Creativity

Most people think that working in the IT field doesn’t

require inspiration. Yes, most of the job is covered by
procedures, tools, and requirements — some very dull and
repetitive things.
 The matter is that for mastering this set of things,
you need to think a lot. And during problem-solving or
designing a new solution, you must be creative. Creativity
is something they don’t teach at school, but in front of a
problem, you need it.
So, don’t be afraid to speak outside the ideological
boundaries and find unique solutions. We work every day
to improve our procedures and standardize each part of the
job, but when the situation so requires, we have to throw
out the rabbit from the cylinder.
 Determination
The path to the project competition is long. Don’t
give up. Difficulties will come along the path, but you have
to solve it. As a professional, you must continue. Some
times there will be a need for an extra effort to see the
project ended. You will need to wake up every day and
start working on your goals.

It is not a war. It’s life.

Our greatest weakness lies in giving up. The
most certain way to succeed is always to try
just one more time.
— Thomas A. Edison
 Empathy
While you might spend a lot of your time writing code
for machines, you are interacting with other people.
“Putting your self in other person’s shoes” is a way to
describe empathy in straightforward terms. Understanding
other people, their belief systems, their mental and personal
characteristics will benefit you. You will be able to adjust
your behavior, to address their needs, and make sure that
you are taking them into account.
 This is something that is often overlooked. But, the
best developers will try and understand their customers or
colleagues since it will enable them to do their job . Again,
empathy is your advantage – it will allow you to see things
with their eyes. It will make you more sensible and
approachable.
 Leadership
  Leadership has nothing to do with the job title,
seniority, or culture. Leadership doesn’t merely mean say
to people what to do. It is not related to management.
Leadership is the attitude to lead people along the path.
 In a team, you are not the only player. Each player
needs to do its best to win the game. As a leader, you have
to delegate the right task to the right people, coach each
one following people’s attitudes. You have to forget your
productivity as a team leader. You have to focus on team
productivity. 

Leadership is the capacity to

translate vision into reality.

~ Warren Bennis (American scholar)

 Negotiation
  Some times, different people in the team have a
different vision. People are not all time-aligned.
People may have different interests or constraints.
When things are not black or white, you have to find
the right point of grey. For a developer or a
technician, it is easy to fall to a situation where he is
overwhelmed. Just think about task deadlines, project
deadlines, or functional requirements. In such a
situation, you have to find a solution that can satisfy
both parties.
 During this negotiation, you have to put the other’s
shoes. You have to understand the reasons behind the
position of others.
In each negotiation, find the solution that maximizes
the other’s profit without giving up with your goals is the
best option — read it not only in the economic meaning.
Patience
 Software development is not an easy feat. It is a complex
effort which often includes long processes. From the project
kick-off, through the project execution, testing, deployment,
update. Most of these activities take a lot of time.

Patience is especially important when you are starting as a

developer. The most important person you’ll ever have to be
patient with is you. Give yourself enough time, enough chances
to make errors and fix them. Once you are patient with
yourself, it’s easier to be patient with other people. Sometimes
people will need more convincing, you will need to do your
best to “sell” them your idea or approach.
 Teamwork
If you want to walk fast, walk alone.
But if you want to walk far, walk
together.
 Software development is a team sport. In reality, you
will work with more people. If there are no more
developers in your company then the chances are you will
be working with more designers.

Anyway, work in teams is not

easy. Each member of the
group may not agree on
working in a team. 
 Submitted By
Paramjeet Kumar (Slide maker)

Submitted To :: Prof. Mohammad Nazir

Thank You !!