Lecture1 Phtometry and Radiometry
Lecture1 Phtometry and Radiometry
What is
Light ?
+ + =
(Constructive
Waves that are interference)
half a wavelength out of phase
interfere destructively
Diffusion
It is often necessary to diffuse light, either through transmission
or reflection.
Angular Intensity
“intensity”
Technique Technique
How How
much does it
energy is look to
produce humans
d?start with “radiometric” or “radiant”Quantities
Quantities ? start with “photopic” or “luminous
Techniques
• Spectroradiometry
How is the
energy
distributed
?
between, both rods and cones contribute in varying amounts, and in this rang
e vision is called MESOPIC vision
Gaussion function for photopic vision
2
V() = 1.019 e -285.4( - 0.559)
Q V K m Q e , V d
where Km is a constant known as maximum luminous efficacy function and fixing its value defines
physical photometry in terms of radiometric units. The fundamental unit of light is the lumen, the unit
of luminous flux. It is the photometric analogue of the watt, the unit of radiant flux or power.
Solid
angle
A solid angle is the three-dimensional equivalent to a two-
dimensional angle
A solid angle is measured in steradians, the three dimensional
equivalent of radians
E lux
d dA
I cd
r
A L S P
L = Light source
S = Screen
P = Photometer
A = Auxiliary lamp
L B
2r
F
L ,
2 21
4 r
L Lu min ance,
F Lu min ous flux of the lamp
Re flec tan ce of sphere pa int
d
I
d 4
Ev is illuminance, Iv is the intensity and d is the distance from the
light source
6
Lambert’s Cosine Law
The irradiance or illuminance falling on any surface varies as the cosine
0f the incident angle.
Lambertian Emission and Reflection
lambertian surface reflects or emits equal (isotropic) flux in every direction
or example : an evenly illuminated diffuse flat surface
piece of paper is approximately lambertian,
Color Temperature
The higher the color rendering index from a lamp the better it is.
CRI ≥ 90 Excellent
CRI ≥ 85 Very Good
60 ≥ CRI ≥ 80 Some Color Distortion
CRI ≤ 60 Serious Color Distortion