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Chapter 26 - Measures

The document provides information about metric units of measurement for length, mass, and capacity. It defines the common metric units like meters, centimeters, kilograms, liters and their abbreviations. It also includes conversion factors between units and sample problems converting between units of length, mass, area, volume and capacity.

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JMG
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515 views24 pages

Chapter 26 - Measures

The document provides information about metric units of measurement for length, mass, and capacity. It defines the common metric units like meters, centimeters, kilograms, liters and their abbreviations. It also includes conversion factors between units and sample problems converting between units of length, mass, area, volume and capacity.

Uploaded by

JMG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 26:

Measures
Metric Units
The metric system uses a variety of units for length, mass and capacity.

* The common units of lengths are:

= kilometre (km), metre (m), centimetre (cm) and millimetre (mm)

* The common units of mass are:

= tonne (t), kilogram (kg), gram (g) and milligram (mg)

* The common units of capacity are:

= litre (L or l) and millilitre (ml)


Note: “centi” comes from the Latin centum meaning hundred ( a
centimetre is one hundredth of a metre);
“milli” comes from the Latin mille meaning thousand (a millimetre
is one thousandth of a metre)
“kilo” comes from the Greek khilloi meaning thousand ( a kilometre
is one thousand metres)
It may be useful to have some practical experience of estimating
lengths, volumes and capacities before starting the following exercise.
Exercise 26.1
Complete the sentences below:
100
1. a.) There are _______ centimetres in one metre.
1000
b.) There are _______ millimetres in one metre.
1
1000
c.) One metre is one _______ 1of a kilometre.
1000
d.) One milligram is one _______ of a gram.
Millilitre
e.) One thousandth of a litre is one ___________
2. Which of the units below would be used to measure the following?

mm, cm, m, km, mg, g, kg, t, ml, litres


a.) your height =
d.) the amount of liquid in a cup
= m, cm
= ml
b.) The length of your finger
e.) the height of a van
= cm
= m, cm
c.) the mass of a shoe
f.) the mass of a ship
=g
= tonne
2. Which of the units below would be used to measure the following?
mm, cm, m, km, mg, g, kg, t, ml, litres

g.) the capacity of a swimming pool


=l
h.) the length of a highway j.) the capacity of the petrol tank of a
= km car
i.) the mass of an elephant =l
= tonnes
Converting from one unit to another
Length
1
1 km = 1000 m Therefore 1 m = 1000
km

1
1 m = 1000 mm Therefore 1 mm = 1000
m

1
1 m = 100 cm Therefore 1 cm = 100
m

1
1 cm = 10 mm Therefore 1 mm = cm
10
Worked Examples:
a.) Change 5.8 km into m.
Since 1 km = 1000 m,
5.8 km is 5.8 x 1000 m 5.8km  5800m

b.) Change 4700 mm to m.


Since 1 m is 1000 mm,
4700 mm is 4700 ÷ 1000 m 4700mm  4.7 m

c.) Convert 2.3 km into cm.


2.3 km is 2.3 x 1000 m = 2300 m
2300 m is 2300 x 100cm 2.3km  230000cm
Exercise 26.2
1. Put in the missing unit to make the following statements correct:

mm = 30 cm
a.) 300 ______
m
b.) 6000 mm = 6 ______
mm
c.) 3.2 m = 3200 ______
m
d.) 4.2 ______ = 4200 mm
m
e.) 2.5 km = 2500 ______
2. Convert the following to millimetres:

85
a.) 8.5 cm = _______

230
b.) 23 cm = _______

830
c.) 0.83 m = _______

50
d.) 0.05 m = _______

4
e.) 0.004 m = _______
3. Convert the following to metres:

a.) 560 cm 5.6


= _______

b.) 6.4 km 6400


= _______

c.) 96 cm 0.96
= _______
4
d.) 0.004 km = _______

e.) 12 mm
0.012
= _______
4. Convert the following to kilometres:

a.) 1150m 1.15


= ______

b.) 250 000 m 250


= ______

c.) 500 m = ______ 0.5

d.) 70 m = ______0.07
0.008
e.) 8 m = ______
Mass 1
tonne
1 tonne is 1000 kg Therefore 1 kg = 1000
1
kg
1 kilogram is 1000g Therefore 1 g = 1000
1
g
1 g = 1000 mg Therefore 1 mg = 1000

Exercise 26.3
1. Convert the following:
a.) 3.8 g to mg c.) 4.28 tonnes to kg e.) 0.5 tonnes to kg
b.) 28 500 kg to tonnes d.) 329 mg to g
Exercise 26.3

1. Convert the following:

a.) 3.8 g to mg = _______3 800


28.5
b.) 28 500 kg to tonnes = _______

c.) 4.28 tonnes to kg


4 280
= _______

d.) 329 mg to g 0.32


= _______

e.) 0.5 tonnes to kg = _______500


Worked Examples:

a.) Convert 8300 kg to tonnes.


Since 1000 kg = 1 tonne, 8300 kg is ÷ 1000 tonnes
8300 kg = 8.3 tonnes

b.) Convert 2.5 g to mg.


Since 1 g is 1000 mg, 2.5 g is 2.5 x 1000 mg
2.5 g = 2500 mg
Capacity 1
litre
1 litre is 1000 milliliters Therefore 1 ml = 1000

Exercise 26.4
1. Calculate the following and give the totals in ml:
a.) 3 litres + 1500 ml 4 500 ml
= _________
1
b.) 0.88 litre + 650 ml = _________ 530 ml

c.) 0.75 litre + 6300 ml 7 050 ml


= _________
d.) 450 ml + 0.55 litre 1 000 ml
= _________
Capacity 1
litre
1 litre is 1000 milliliters Therefore 1 ml = 1000

2. Calculate the following and give the total in litres:


a.) 0.75 litre + 450 ml 1.2 litres
= ________
b.) 850 ml + 490 ml 1.34 litres
= ________
c.) 0.6 litre + 0.8 litre 1.4
= ________ litres
1.4 litres
d.) 80 ml + 620 ml + 0.7 litre = ________
Area and volume conversions
Converting between units for area and volume is not as
straightforward as converting between units for length. 1m
The diagram (right) shows a square of side length 1 m.
1m
Area of the square = 1m2

However, if the lengths of the sides are written in cm,


100 cm
each of the sides are 100 cm.
Therefore an area of 1m2 = 10 000 cm2 100 cm
Similarly a square of side length 1 cm is the same as a square of side length 10
mm. Therefore an area of 1cm2 is equivalent to an area of 100 mm2.
The diagram below shows a cube of side length 1 m.

1m 1m Volume of the cube = 1m3

1m

Once again, if the lengths of the sides are written in cm, each of the sides
are 100 cm.
Volume of the cube
= 100 x 100 x 100 = 1 000 000 cm3
100 cm 100 cm Similarly a cube of side length 1 cm is the
same as a cube of side length 10 mm.
100 cm
Therefore the volume: 1 cm3 = 1000 mm3
Exercise 26.5
1. Convert the following areas:

a.) 10 m to cm
2 2 100 000
= _____________ cm2

b.) 2 m to mm
2 2 2 000 000
= ______________ mm 2

c.) 5 km to m
2 2 5 000
= ______________ 000 m 2

d.) 3.2 km to m2 2 3 200


= ______________000 m 2

e.) 8.3 cm to mm
2 2 830 mm
= ______________
2
2. Convert the following areas:

a.) 500 cm to m
2 2 0.05
= _____________ m 2

b.) 15 000 mm to cm
2 2 150
= _____________ cm 2

c.) 1000 m to km
2 2 0.001
= _____________ km2

d.) 40 000 mm to m
2 2
= _____________0.04 m 2

e.) 2 500 000 cm to km


2 2 0.000
= _____________ 25 km 2
3. Convert the following volumes:
2 500 000 cm3
a.) 2.5 m3 to cm3 = _______________

b.) 3.4 cm3 to mm3 3 400 mm


= _______________
3

c.) 2 km3 to m3 2 000 000


= ________________ 000 m 3

200 000 cm3


d.) 0.2 m3 to cm3 = ________________
30 000 000 mm3
e.) 0.03 m3 to mm3 = ________________
4. Convert the following volumes:
0.15 m3
a.) 150 000 cm3 to m3 = ____________
24 cm3
b.) 24 000 mm3 to cm3 = ____________
0.000 85 km3
c.) 850 000 m3 to km3 = ____________

d.) 300 mm3 to cm3 0.03


= ____________ cm3

e.) 15 cm3 to m3 0.000


= ____________ 015 m3
Activity:

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