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Inheritence: Week-7 (Part 1 & 2)

1. Inheritance allows a derived class to inherit attributes and behaviors from a base class. This saves memory, time, and development efforts. 2. Constructors of the base class are always executed before constructors of the derived class. Destructors are executed in the reverse order. 3. If the base class constructor takes parameters, the derived class must declare a constructor with matching parameters and pass arguments to the base class constructor.

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41 views22 pages

Inheritence: Week-7 (Part 1 & 2)

1. Inheritance allows a derived class to inherit attributes and behaviors from a base class. This saves memory, time, and development efforts. 2. Constructors of the base class are always executed before constructors of the derived class. Destructors are executed in the reverse order. 3. If the base class constructor takes parameters, the derived class must declare a constructor with matching parameters and pass arguments to the base class constructor.

Uploaded by

M Asif khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INHERITENCE

Week-7 (Part 1 & 2)

Object Oriented Programming


CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 2

Introduction
• Inheritance is one of the key feature of object-oriented
programming including C++ which allows user to create a
new class(derived class) from a existing class(base class)
• The derived (child) class inherits all feature from a base
(parent) class and it can have additional features of its
own
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 3

Introduction Cont..
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 4

Advantages
• Saves memory space
• Saves time
• Increases reliability of the code
• Saves the developing and testing efforts
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 5

Syntax
class drivedClass_name :
access_mode baseClass_name
e.g.
Rectangle : Public Shape
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 6

Inheritance Visibility Mode


• Depending on Access modifier used while inheritance, the
availability of class members of parent class in the child
class changes
• It can either be
• Private
• Protected
• Public
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 7

Private Inheritance
• In private mode, the protected and public members of
super class become private members of derived class
• Syntax is
class Subclass : private Superclass OR
class Subclass : Superclass // Default
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 8

Protected Inheritance
• In protected mode, the public and
protected members of Super class
becomes protected members of Sub
class
• Syntax is
class Subclass : protected
Superclass
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 9

Inheritance Visibility Mode


CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 10

Example
class Shape {
protected:
float length;
float width;
};
Class Rectangle : public Shape{
public:
float getArea ();
} ;
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 11

Example Cont..
•Implement a Polygon class that contains length and width
data members. Derive two classes Triangle and Rectangle
class from Polygon class and calculate area (Area of
rectangle is length x width and area of triangle is (length x
width)/2)
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 12

Example Cont..
class CPolygon { class CTriangle: public
protected: CPolygon {
int width, height; public:
public: int area (){ return (width *
void set_values (int a, int height / 2); }
b) };
{ width=a; height=b;} void main () {
}; CRectangle rect;
class CRectangle: public
CTriangle trgl;
CPolygon {
public: rect.set_values (4,5);
int area () trgl.set_values (4,5);
{ return (width * height); } cout << rect.area() << endl;
}; cout << trgl.area() << endl;
}
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 13

Order of Constructor and Destructor Execution

• Base class constructors are always


executed first
• Destructors are executed in exactly
the reverse order of constructors
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 14

Order of Constructor and Destructor Execution


Cont..
class Base{
public:
Base ( )
{cout << "Inside Base constructor" << endl;}
~Base ( )
{ cout << "Inside Base destructor" << endl;}
}; Output
class Derived : public Base{
public:
Inside Base
constructor
Derived ( )
Inside Derived
{cout<< "Inside Derived constructor\n";}
constructor
~Derived ( )
Inside Derived
{cout<<"Inside Derived destructor\n";}
destructor
}; Inside Base
void main( ){ destructor
Derived x;}
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 15
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 16
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 17

Inheriting Constructors
• If the base class constructor takes no parameters then the
inheritance is implicit - you don’t need to do anything!
• If the base class constructor takes parameters then each
derived class needs to declare a constructor with the
same parameters
• You can pass the arguments given to the derived class constructor
to the constructor for the base class
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 18

Inheriting Constructors Cont..


class Person{
protected: class Student: public Person{
int age; public:
void setAge(int a)
public: { age = a; }
Person() };
{age = -5;}
Person(int a) int main(){ Default
{age = a;} Student p; constructor
cout<<p.getAge();
int getAge() Student p1(15);
{return age;} }
}; Parameterized constructor
can’t be inherited !!
Compilation error
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 19

Inheriting Constructors Cont..


class Student: public Person{
public:
Student(int age):Person(age){
}
void setAge(int a){ age = a; }

In the implementation of the


constructor for the derived class,
};
the parameter passed to the
derived class constructor is passed
down to the base class constructor
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 20

Inheriting Constructors Cont..

derived class constructor base class constructor

Shape(int side) : Rectangle(side,side)

derived base
constructor constructor
parameter parameters
CSSE-2133 Object Oriented Programming 21

Inheriting Constructors Cont..


class base{ class derv1 : public base{
private: private:
int x; int y;
public: public:
base (int x1) derv1 (int yy, int xx) : base
{ (xx){
cout<<"Base's cout << " Derv1's constructor
constructor executed"; executed";
x = x1; y = yy;
cout<<x<<endl; cout<<y<<endl;
} }
}; };
void main ( ){
derv1 d (20, 30);} Base’s constructor executed 30
Derv1’s constructor executed 20
Output:
class ABC
{
private: int x,y;
public:
ABC ()
{ x = y = 0; }
ABC(int a)
{ x = y = a; }
ABC(int a,int b)
{
x = a*0;
y = b*20;
}
void display()
{ cout << "x = " << x << " \t " << "y = " << y << endl; }
};

void main()
{
ABC cc1, cc2(10), cc3(10,20);
cc1.display();
cc2.display();
cc3.display();
}

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