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    Histology of Heart: Dr.M.Irfan Ashraf MBBS, MCPS, Fcps

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    Dr-Arsalan Zahid
    This document summarizes the histology of the heart, including the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and conducting system. It describes the microscopic structure of the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium layers. The epicardium is a serous membrane covered in mesothelial cells. The myocardium is made of branching, striated cardiac muscle fibers connected by intercalated discs. The endocardium is a thin membrane lined with endothelium and supported by connective tissue layers. The conducting system is made of Purkinje fibers that conduct electrical impulses.

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    Histology of Heart: Dr.M.Irfan Ashraf MBBS, MCPS, Fcps

    Uploaded by

    Dr-Arsalan Zahid
    36 views24 pages
    This document summarizes the histology of the heart, including the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and conducting system. It describes the microscopic structure of the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium layers. The epicardium is a serous membrane covered in mesothelial cells. The myocardium is made of branching, striated cardiac muscle fibers connected by intercalated discs. The endocardium is a thin membrane lined with endothelium and supported by connective tissue layers. The conducting system is made of Purkinje fibers that conduct electrical impulses.

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    Copy of HEART HISTOLOGY

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    This document summarizes the histology of the heart, including the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and conducting system. It describes the microscopic structure of the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium layers. The epicardium is a serous membrane covered in mesothelial cells. The myocardium is made of branching, striated cardiac muscle fibers connected by intercalated discs. The endocardium is a thin membrane lined with endothelium and supported by connective tissue layers. The conducting system is made of Purkinje fibers that conduct electrical impulses.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    36 views24 pages

    Histology of Heart: Dr.M.Irfan Ashraf MBBS, MCPS, Fcps

    Uploaded by

    Dr-Arsalan Zahid
    This document summarizes the histology of the heart, including the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and conducting system. It describes the microscopic structure of the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium layers. The epicardium is a serous membrane covered in mesothelial cells. The myocardium is made of branching, striated cardiac muscle fibers connected by intercalated discs. The endocardium is a thin membrane lined with endothelium and supported by connective tissue layers. The conducting system is made of Purkinje fibers that conduct electrical impulses.

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    of 24

    HISTOLOGY OF

    HEART

    Dr.M.Irfan Ashraf
    MBBS,MCPS,FCPS.
    OBJECTIVES
    THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF
     THE PERICARDIUM
     THE MYOCARDIUM
     THE ENDOCARDIUM AND
     THE CONDUCTING SYSTEM OF HEART
     THE CLINICAL CORRELATES
    Normal Heart: Note surface and
    coronary arteries
    The Heart Wall

    • Epicardium – visceral pericardium that covers


    the outer surface of the heart (serous
    membrane)
    • Myocardium – the muscle tissue of the heart
    • Endocardium – inner surface of the heart
    (mucous membrane)
    EPICARDIUM
     A SEROUS MEMBRANE COVERED ON ITS
    FREE SURFACE WITH A LAYER OF
    MESOTHELIAL CELLS
     BENEATH THE MESOTHELIUM A LAYER OF
    CT (ELASTIC FIBRES)
     A LAYER OFB/V,LYMPHATICS AND NERVES
     SOME FAT IS ALSO PRESENT IN THE
    EPICARDIAL TISSUE
     PARIETAL LAYER OF EPICARDIUM IS OF
    SEROUS TYPE
    HEART, EPICARDIUM
    H&E stain. Magnification 100x.

     
    image of the outer structural region termed the
    epicardium. Do not overlook the fibrous
    connective tissue, the adipose connective tissue
    and the presence of several small blood vessels.
                        

                            
    Epicardium

    ad = adipose tissue; bv = blood vessel; nv = nerve; Myo = myocardium


    Histology of heart
    Striations
    Intercalated discs
    An intercalated disc is an undulating
    double membrane separating adjacent
    cells in cardiac muscle fibers.
    Intercalated discs support synchronized
    contraction of cardiac tissue. They can
    easily be visualized by a longitudinal
    section of the tissue.
    Three types of membrane junctions
    exist within an intercalated disc—fascia
    adherens, macula adherens, also called
    a desmosome and gap junctions.
    Cardiac Muscle Histology

     Branching, intercalated discs with gap junctions,


    involuntary, striated, single central nucleus per cell
    Cardiac Myofibril
    Myocardium

    Endocardium
                                           
                                    
     

                           
    THE ENDOCARDIUM OF
    THE HEART IS A
    HOMOLOGUE OF THE
    TUNICA INTIMA IN THE
    BLOOD VESSEL WALLS.
    THE UPPER LEFT
    POINTER INDICATES THE

     
    ENDOTHELIUM
    SUPPORTED BY THE
    SUBENDOTHELIAL
    LAYER. THE MIDDLE
    POINTER, LEFT CENTRAL
    SIDE OF THE IMAGE,                         
    DESIGNATES THE
    SUBENDOCARDIAL                     
    LAYER. THE POINTER IN
    THE LOWER RIGHT
    QUADRANT INDICATES
    THE JUNCTION WITH THE
    MYOCARDIUM.
     
                                                                           

    The first 2 images (1) (2)show the myocytes cut mainly in cross section or
    tangentially. They are individual fibers about 15 microns in diameter with a
    large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm and a centrally placed nucleus. The
    third image (3)shows the myocytes in longitudinal section. Faint cross
    striations can be seen. Periodically there are broader cross bands, the
    intercalated discs representing junctions between myocytes.
    ENDOCARDIUM
     THIN MEMBRANE
     LINED WITH A FLATTENED ENDOTHELIUM
     SUB ENDOTHELIAL LAYER(COLLAGEN,ELASTIC
    FIBRES,FIBROBLASTS,SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS)
     EXTERNALLY THE ENDOCARDIUM CONTINUES
    INTO A THICKSUBENDOCARDIAL LAYER OF
    LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE(B/V,NERVES,AND
    BRS OF CONDUCTING SYSTEM).IT BECOMES
    DIRECTLY CONTINOUS WITH THE INTERSTITIAL
    TISSUE OF THE MYOCARDIUM
    Endocardium

    Legend: M - myocardium; E - endocardium; En - endothelium; S - subendothelial


    layer
    MYOCARDIUM
     THICKEST IN THE LEFT VENTRICLE
    AND THINNEST IN THE ATRIA
     THE MUSCLE IS ARRANGED IN
    LAYERS OF VERY COMPLEX PATTERN
     BETWEEN THE FIBRES IS FOUND
    AREOLAR TISSUE
    IMPULSE CONDUCTING
    SYSTEM
     A NETWORK OF BRANCHING,ANASTOMOSING,
    ATYPICAL CARDIAC MUSCLE FIBRES THAT
    CONSTITUTE THE PURKINJE SYSTEM
     THESE FIBRES ARE COLLECTED IN TO TWO
    MASSES ---SINU-ATRIAL NODE AND THE
    ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE
     THE TYPICAL PURKINJE FIBRES ARE LARGE,LONG
    CELLS THAT ARE DIFFERENTIATED ONLY AT
    THEIR PERIPHERY IN TO FIBRILS AND CROSS
    STRIATIONS,AND CONTAIN ONE OR MORE NUCLEI
    IN THE CENTRE AND A CLEAR CENTRAL ZONE
    The pointer indicates one of several Purkinje fibers. The Purkinje
    fibers are modified cardiac muscle fibers that are a part of the
    impulse conducting system in the heart.

             

      
    Normal appearance of myocardial fibers in
    longitudinal section. Note the central nuclei and the
    syncytial arrangement of the fibers, some of which
    have pale pink intercalated disks.
    Diseases/Abnormalities
     Pericarditis resulting in pericardial friction
    rub
     Pericardial effusion which may lead to
    cardiac tamponade.
     Myocardial infarction
    THANK YOU

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