DISTRIBUTED Examples

SYSTEMS
FINANCIAL SYSTEM An Example

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EXAMPLES OF DISTRIBUTED
SYSTEMS
IT Service Architecture of a Swiss Bank
 Service architecture consists of heterogeneous new and legacy components
 Hardware platforms range from mainframes to NTs
 Programming languages including Assembler, Cobol, C, C++, Java, …
 Different types of middleware can be used to resolve distribution and heterogeneity

Authorization
Customer Services
Information
Services

Trading
Services
ATM
Services
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 INTERNET AND An Example
WWW
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THE INTERNET
The Internet is a vast interconnected collection of computer networks of many
types.
Its design enabling a program running anywhere to address messages to
programs anywhere else.
Allowing its users to make use of many services as: WWW, E-Mail, Web
hosting, and File transfer.
Its services can be extended by adding new types of service (open-ended
services).
Small organizations and individual users can to access internet services through
Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
Independent intranets are linked together by high transmission capacity circuits
called backbones.
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THE INTERNET
intranet %
%
% ISP

backbone

satellite link

desktop computer:
server:
network link:
A typical portion of
the Internet
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WORLD WIDE WEB
(WWW)
An executing web browser is an example of a client communicates
with a web server to request web pages from it.
WWW is an open client-server architecture implemented on top of
the Internet.
Users use the Web through available web browsers to retrieve and
view documents of many types and interact with unlimited set of
services.
Web provides a hypertext structure among the documents that it
stores. (i.e., the documents contain references, links, to other related
documents and resources stored also in the web).
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WWW
http://www.google.com/search?q=kindberg
www.google.com

Browsers
Web servers

www.cdk3.net Internet
http://www.cdk3.net/

www.w3c.org

File system of http://www.w3c.org/Protocols/Activity.html

www.w3c.org Protocols

Activity.html
Web servers and web
browsers

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WWW
Web is an open system and can be extended and implemented in new
ways without disturbing its existing functionality.
 Its operation is based on communication standards and document standards that are freely
published and widely implemented.
 Types of resources that can be published and shared on it is open (plug-ins handle new
document formats without changing the web browser).

Web is based on three main standard technological components:

 The HyperText Markup Language (HTML) specifies the contents and layout of pages
as they are displayed by web browser.
 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) identify documents and other resources
accessible via the web.
 The HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) determines the standard rules for
interaction between browsers and web servers to fetch documents and other
resources.

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VIDEO ON DEMAND An Example

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VIDEO-ON-DEMAND
 Client components are used to display videos
 Clients are hosted in the homes of the customers of the
service
 Server components load and transmit videos
 Multiple servers are needed in order to scale

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 INTRANET An Example

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INTRANET
An Intranet is a portion of the internet that is administrated
separately and its local security policies are enforced by a
configured boundary.
Composed of several local area networks (LANs) linked by
backbone connections to allow its users to access the provided
services.
Connected to the Internet via a router which allows its users to
make use of the internet services elsewhere.
Many organization protect their own services from unauthorized
use by filtering incoming and outgoing messages using a firewall.

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INTRANET
email server Desktop
computers
print and other servers

Local area
Web server network

email server
print
File server
other servers

the rest of
the Internet
router/firewall

A typical Intranet
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 MOBILE AND An Example
UBIQUITOUS
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MOBILE AND UBIQUITOUS
COMPUTING
The portability of many computing devices and the ability to
connect to networks in different places makes mobile
computing possible.
Mobile computing is the performance of computing tasks
while the users are on the move and away from their
residence intranet but still provided with access to resources
via the devices they carry with them.
Ubiquitous computing is the harnessing of many small
cheap computational devices that are present in user’s
physical environments.
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MOBILE AND UBIQUITOUS
COMPUTING
Internet

Host intranet WAP

Wireless LAN gateway Home intranet

Mobile
phone
Printer Laptop
Portable and handheld
Camera Host site devices in a distributed
system

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CLOUD COMPUTING

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