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    Cement Production and Manufacturing Process - Portland Cement Industry

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    Mg H
    Cement is produced through a process that involves mining limestone and clay, mixing and drying the raw materials, heating the mixture in a rotary furnace to produce clinker, and then grinding the clinker with gypsum to produce Portland cement. The key steps are: 1) Limestone and clay are mixed and dried before being fed into the top of a rotary furnace fueled by oil, gas, or coal. 2) In the furnace, the mixture is slowly heated to high temperatures where chemical reactions occur, resulting in fused nodules called clinker. 3) The clinker is removed from the bottom of the furnace and ground with gypsum to produce Portland cement.

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    Cement Production and Manufacturing Process - Portland Cement Industry

    Uploaded by

    Mg H
    244 views9 pages
    Cement is produced through a process that involves mining limestone and clay, mixing and drying the raw materials, heating the mixture in a rotary furnace to produce clinker, and then grinding the clinker with gypsum to produce Portland cement. The key steps are: 1) Limestone and clay are mixed and dried before being fed into the top of a rotary furnace fueled by oil, gas, or coal. 2) In the furnace, the mixture is slowly heated to high temperatures where chemical reactions occur, resulting in fused nodules called clinker. 3) The clinker is removed from the bottom of the furnace and ground with gypsum to produce Portland cement.

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    industrial chemistry

    Original Title

    cement

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    Cement is produced through a process that involves mining limestone and clay, mixing and drying the raw materials, heating the mixture in a rotary furnace to produce clinker, and then grinding the clinker with gypsum to produce Portland cement. The key steps are: 1) Limestone and clay are mixed and dried before being fed into the top of a rotary furnace fueled by oil, gas, or coal. 2) In the furnace, the mixture is slowly heated to high temperatures where chemical reactions occur, resulting in fused nodules called clinker. 3) The clinker is removed from the bottom of the furnace and ground with gypsum to produce Portland cement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    244 views9 pages

    Cement Production and Manufacturing Process - Portland Cement Industry

    Uploaded by

    Mg H
    Cement is produced through a process that involves mining limestone and clay, mixing and drying the raw materials, heating the mixture in a rotary furnace to produce clinker, and then grinding the clinker with gypsum to produce Portland cement. The key steps are: 1) Limestone and clay are mixed and dried before being fed into the top of a rotary furnace fueled by oil, gas, or coal. 2) In the furnace, the mixture is slowly heated to high temperatures where chemical reactions occur, resulting in fused nodules called clinker. 3) The clinker is removed from the bottom of the furnace and ground with gypsum to produce Portland cement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Cement Production and Manufacturing Process | Portland

    Cement Industry
    Raw Materials Cement Production
    Raw materials are taken from natural environmental as other
    chemical industries.
    •Calcareos materials which can supply CaO. this can be
    limestone, chalk or marble.
    •Argillaceous material providing silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3)
    and iron oxide (Fe2O3). Although clay is generally used for this
    purpose. It can be replaced with materials such as slate, shale,
    slag from steel manufacture or even burned paddy husk.
    •Gypsum which controls the settling of cement.
    The calcareous and argillaceous raw materials are dried, mixed
    and heated to a high temperature (around 10000C) in a furnace.
    The produced granular form is called clinker. Then it is ground
    with 4% gypsum to obtain Portland cement. There are two main
    processes in manufacturing Portland cement.
    1.Wet method
    2.Dry method

    Wet method
    Raw materials are mixed in water to obtain a slurry of uniform
    composition which is then dried and ignited.

    Dry method
    Dried raw materials are employed.
    Cement Production Process and Reactions
    Each step of cement manufacturing, physical conditions and
    reactions occurred are explained here.

    Raw material transportation


    Limestone is carried to the plant from mining place usually by a
    train. Some cement plants import clinker from other country or
    plant and add gypsum to produce cement.

    Mixing and Drying of limestone and clay


    Limestone is well mixed with iron containing clay in a ball mill
    and dried using rotary driers. The ratio between limestone and
    clay is 5:1.
    Heating in a rotary furnace
    Then, mixture is heated in an inclined rotary furnace ( inclined
    angle is 15). This rotary furnace is rotated slowly at about 0.5
    turn per minute. Furnace is made of large cylindrical steel
    tube.It is lined with refractory bricks of either high alumina or
    high magnesia.

    Fuel of heating
    Furnace oil is used as the main fuel. But natural gas, diesel or
    coal can be used as to supply the heat. Some cement
    manufactures use old car tyres to get the heat.

    Raw materials are supplied from top of the the furnace and they
    slowly moves through the furnace. Solid state reactions take
    place giving granular form called clinkers.
    Sold state reactions in the furnace
    In the furnace following reactions take place.

    Moisture removal
    All moisture removed when temperature reaches to 500 0C.

    Thermal decomposition of limestone


    Limestone (CaCO3) decomposes to CaO and CO2 at around
    9000C.
    CaCO3 = CaO + CO2
    Reaction of calcium oxide and clay
    When temperature reaches 900-12000C, the mixture gets fused
    into larger lumps. At that time, calcium oxide reacts with clay
    forming calcium silicate and aluminium silicate.
    At the end of the furnace
    Material become tough and hard ad even vitrify and the reaction
    gets completed. Now temperature of the furnace is 1200 0C.
    Clinker comes out of the furnace at the bottom of the furnace.

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