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Inferential Reading

This document discusses reading skills and strategies. It begins by defining reading and outlining the main purposes of reading. It then describes various reading skills like skimming, scanning, extensive reading, intensive reading, comprehension skills, and inferential skills. The document presents a story as an example to practice inferential reading. It concludes by explaining a five step reading strategy called "The Five Step System" which includes preparing, previewing, passive reading, active reading, and selective reading to improve reading effectiveness and efficiency.

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65 views23 pages

Inferential Reading

This document discusses reading skills and strategies. It begins by defining reading and outlining the main purposes of reading. It then describes various reading skills like skimming, scanning, extensive reading, intensive reading, comprehension skills, and inferential skills. The document presents a story as an example to practice inferential reading. It concludes by explaining a five step reading strategy called "The Five Step System" which includes preparing, previewing, passive reading, active reading, and selective reading to improve reading effectiveness and efficiency.

Uploaded by

fareha riaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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READING SKILLS

SHUMAILAH AZMAT
Assistant Professor (English)
SHMGDC Quetta.
OBJECTIVES
 To familiarize the participants with the
reading techniques.
 To enable them to read and understand the
text.
 To eradicate their hesitation/ difficulties of
English reading.
 And finally to make reading an interesting
activity for them.
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What is reading?

 Brief definition of reading .


 What sort of definition different people give ?
 Decode , decipher , identify, pronounce,
comprehend/understand meaning etc in a speech,
piece of writing, matter, point, subject, text, theme
and topic.

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What is actual purpose of reading
Practice ?
“Whatever your reasons for reading,…. It is not
very likely that you were interested in the
pronunciation of what you read and even less
likely that you were interested in the
grammatical structures used” .
We read because we want to get something

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from writing.
 In real life, we do not normally read because
we have something to read but because we
want to. We usually have a purpose in reading.
( No compulsion)
 There is something we want to read out, some
information we want to check, some opinion
we want to match against our own, etc.
 We also read for some other purposes e.g.
Reading for pleasure, want to find out how the
story is developed etc. (denouement)

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“We read for a variety of purposes and
according to these purposes, in a variety of way .
Although reading always involves deriving
meaning from a text, our purpose in reading
determines the kind of meaning and the amount
of meaning we look for. “

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“Reading makes a full man,
conference; a ready man and
writing an exact man” (Bacon)

“Reading to mind what exercise is


to body”.
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What are those reading skills that a reader
employs to read any text?
Read the following passage carefully:
• A country girl was walking along the snerd with a roggle of
milk on her head. She began saying to herself , The money
for which I will sell this milk will make me enough money to
increase my trund of eggs to three hundred. These eggs
will produce the same number of chickens, and I will be
able to sell the chickens for a large wunk of money. Before
long any one will want to marry me. But I will refuse them
all with a ribble of the head. Like this and as she ribbled her
head the roggle fell to the ground and all the milk ran in a
white stream along the snerd, carrying her plans with it.

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Reading

The main ways of reading are:


1. Skimming: Quickly running one’s eyes over
a text to get the gist of it.(general idea
superficially)
2. Scanning: quickly going through a text to
find a particular piece of information.
Example , Name, date etc.
3. Extensive reading: reading for pleasure.
(vast, detailed)
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Reading Contd….

4. Intensive reading: reading shorter texts,


to extract specific information, reading for
detail (Address reading). (depth,
microscopic)
5. Comprehension Skills: Read the passage
and answer the question.
6. Inferential Skills: Deducing or predicting
the meaning of unfamiliar words in the
text.(conclusion)
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STORY-2
 A man and his son are driving in a car. The car
crashes into a tree, killing the father and seriously
injuring his son.
 At the hospital, the boy needs to have an operation.
Upon looking at the boy, the doctor says (telling the
truth) “ I can not operate on him . He is my son.
How can this be? Decide on you answer before
reading further.
Continue-

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Whether this passage is a brain twister or a reading
passage, readers must assume that any lack of
understanding is not due to the story, but due to their
own lack of under standing. We must work harder to
think about how the story might make sense.

We quickly see that we have to explain how a doctor


can have a son (“I cannot operate on him. He is my
son.”). ?????

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In the End ,
 Readers must take control of the text, not just repeat
its assertions.

 At its core, critical reading involves becoming the


author as one’s own understanding. (interpretations)

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“The Five Step System”
There are five stages to the strategy of reading. By the time
you complete them you will have:
Explored the material at least three time.
Read what you need to be read.
Integrated the new knowledge into what you already know.
Acquired an accurate recall of the information.
Found the information you require at the time.
And most importantly you will have spent a fraction of the
time you might have spent else where. (Always know why
you are reading something).
“Whether the reason is I want to, It looks interesting or
because somebody says it will be a good read” .
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“The Five Step System”
The Five step system is:
I. Prepare
II. Preview
III. Passive Reading
IV. Active Reading
V. Selective Reading
This system is based on the process of highlight and
eliminate.

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1- “PREPARE”
To eradicate frustration and to Improve focus and
concentration.
Bird eye view or glance to PUC
First, (Keywords about your previous knowledge)
Next, Decide your purpose for this particular reading
(General Information, Report Writing or answer to a
specific question. )

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2- “PREVIEW”
To be familiarize with the structure.
What does it look like ?
Are there summaries or conclusion?
Is the book all words or are there any pictures?
What size is the print ?
Is the text broken up into sections ?
Is it a series of Paragraphs ?
Determine and focus on the area you do need to read/
NOTE: Read the Front and back covers.

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3- “PASSIVE READING”

To familiarize the reader with the book or reading


passage.
Is the writer lingua fan or is the text full of jargon
Look for words that stand out and highlight them, they
might be names , long or technical words or words in
bold or italics.
Study the language , Is it technical , Non-technical or
user friendly ?
Do you need to refer a dictionary ? ( This step works
well if you have completed step 1 , Prepare thoroughly)

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4- “ACTIVE READING”
Read the first paragraph of every chapter and the first
sentence of every paragraph and the last if the
paragraph is very long .
As you read – Cross out , Highlight, Underline, Circle,
Take Notes and mind map.
The more thoroughly you do this the more effective
the final stage will be.

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5- “SELECTIVE READING”
Read only what you need to read. Always ask:
Why am I reading this and why leaving rest?
When will I be using this Information ?
Do I have what I need ?
 Assume taking a trip of a strange city without a map
and then with a map.
The same principle applies to reading. Step 1-4 Create
a map for you to follow.
The purpose of first four steps is to allow you to select
what you need or want to read “intelligently” .

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CONCLUSION

• Definition of reading.
• Actual purpose of reading.
• Reading skills, skimming .scanning . extensive
reading ,intensive reading comprehension skill .
• and inferential reading.
• Exercise for inferential reading .
• Five steps for reading strategies i.e. prepare,
preview, passive reading ,active reading, selective
read

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