Scribd
Upload
134 views16 pages

Mechanics of Solids-I: Thermal Stresses

Thermal stresses occur when temperature changes cause structural elements to expand or contract, but external forces prevent free deformation. For a homogeneous rod mounted between unyielding supports, thermal stress can be calculated based on the temperature change, the rod's coefficient of thermal expansion, modulus of elasticity, and geometry. Several example problems demonstrate calculating thermal stresses in rods under different loading and temperature conditions.

Uploaded by

Hammad Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
134 views16 pages

Mechanics of Solids-I: Thermal Stresses

Thermal stresses occur when temperature changes cause structural elements to expand or contract, but external forces prevent free deformation. For a homogeneous rod mounted between unyielding supports, thermal stress can be calculated based on the temperature change, the rod's coefficient of thermal expansion, modulus of elasticity, and geometry. Several example problems demonstrate calculating thermal stresses in rods under different loading and temperature conditions.

Uploaded by

Hammad Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Mechanics of Solids-I

CE-104 (T)

Lecture 3
Thermal Stresses

Department of civil engineering


UET Peshawar

1
Thermal Stress:

Temperature changes cause the body to expand or contract. The


amount δT, is given by

where α is the coefficient of thermal expansion in m/m°C, L is the


length in meter, and Ti and Tf are the initial and final
temperatures, respectively in °C.

For steel, α = 11.25 × 10–6 / °C.

2
⮚If temperature deformation is permitted to occur freely, no load or
stress will be induced in the structure.

⮚In some cases where temperature deformation is not permitted,


an internal stress is created. The internal stress created is termed as
thermal stress.

3
For a homogeneous rod mounted between unyielding supports as
shown, the thermal stress is computed as:
Deformation due to temperature changes;

Deformation due to equivalent axial stress;

Where σ is the thermal stress in


MPa and E is the modulus of
elasticity of the rod in MPa.
4
If the wall yields a distance of x as shown, the following calculations
will be made:

Where σ represents the thermal stress.


Note that as the temperature rises above the normal,
the rod will be in compression, and if the temperature drops below
the normal, the rod is in tension.

5
Problem 261:
A steel rod with a cross-sectional area of 0.25 in2 is stretched
between two fixed points. The tensile load at 70°F is 1200 lb. What
will be the stress at 0°F? At what temperature will the stress be zero?
Assume α = 6.5 × 10-6 in / (in·°F) and E = 29 × 106 psi.

Solution 261:

1200 lb 1200 lb

6
7
Problem 262:
A steel rod is stretched between two rigid walls and carries a tensile
load of 5000 N at 20°C. If the allowable stress is not to exceed 130
MPa at -20°C, what is the minimum diameter of the rod? Assume α
= 11.7 µm/(m·°C) and E = 200 GPa.

Solution 262:

8
Problem 263:
Steel railroad reels 10 m long are laid with a clearance of 3 mm at a
temperature of 15°C. At what temperature will the rails just touch?
What stress would be induced in the rails at that temperature if there
were no initial clearance? Assume α = 11.7 µm/(m·°C) and E = 200
GPa.
Solution 263:

9
10
Problem 264:
A steel rod 3 feet long with a cross-sectional area of 0.25 in2 is
stretched between two fixed points. The tensile force is 1200 lb at
40°F. Using E = 29 × 106 psi and α = 6.5 × 10-6 in./(in.·°F),

Calculate
(a) the temperature at which the stress in the bar will be 10 ksi; and
(b) the temperature at which the stress will be zero.

1200 lb 1200 lb

11
Solution 264:

12
Problem 265:
A bronze bar 3 m long with a cross sectional area of 320 mm2 is
placed between two rigid walls as shown in Fig. P-265. At a
temperature of -20°C, the gap Δ = 2.5 mm. Find the temperature at
which the compressive stress in the bar will be 35 MPa. Use α = 18.0
× 10-6 m/(m·°C) and E = 80 GPa.

Solution 265:

13
Problem 266:
Calculate the increase in stress for each segment of the compound bar
shown in Fig. P-266 if the temperature increases by 100°F. Assume that
the supports are unyielding and that the bar is suitably braced against
buckling.

14
Solution 266:

15
16

You might also like