Scribd
Upload
431 views26 pages

Modal Verbs: Suggestion and Advice Obligation and Prohibition Lack of Obligation/Necessity

This document discusses modal verbs and their uses for suggestion, advice, obligation, prohibition, permission, lack of necessity, and the past. It provides the following key points: - Modal verbs do not change form or take infinitives after them, with some exceptions. They are used before subjects. - Common modals include can, may, must, should, shall, will, need, dare, would. - Suggestion modals include should, ought to, had better. Stronger is had better. - Obligation modals are must and have to. Must is stronger and comes from the speaker. - Prohibition modals are can't and mustn't,

Uploaded by

lidiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
431 views26 pages

Modal Verbs: Suggestion and Advice Obligation and Prohibition Lack of Obligation/Necessity

This document discusses modal verbs and their uses for suggestion, advice, obligation, prohibition, permission, lack of necessity, and the past. It provides the following key points: - Modal verbs do not change form or take infinitives after them, with some exceptions. They are used before subjects. - Common modals include can, may, must, should, shall, will, need, dare, would. - Suggestion modals include should, ought to, had better. Stronger is had better. - Obligation modals are must and have to. Must is stronger and comes from the speaker. - Prohibition modals are can't and mustn't,

Uploaded by

lidiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

MODAL VERBS

SUGGESTION AND ADVICE


OBLIGATION AND PROHIB ITION
LACK OF OB LIGATION/NECES SITY
GENERAL FEATURES OF MODALS
1. Don’t change form (except HAVE TO,DARE)
2. Don’t use infinitive after them (except for
HAVE TO, OUGHT TO)
3. Used before subject
4. Refers to future when used with infinitive
5. Refers to past when used with perfect infinitive
6. Forms questions and negatives without auxiliary
verbs (except for HAVE TO,DARE)
Modals and their synonyms
• can
• may
• must •can – be able to do, manage to do,
• should •may – be allowed to do
•must – have to, be obliged to
• shall •should – ought to, be supposed to
• will
• need
• dare
• would
SUGGESTION AND ADVICE
Should
• General advice
• The most common modal verb

Ought to
• More formal than should
• Not used in questions and rarely in negatives.

Had better
• It is common when making a stronger suggestion.
• It is not used in questions
Suggestion and Advice Scale

Stronger suggestion/advice
Had better

Ought to

Should
Weaker suggestion/advice
Asking about advice: SHALL
• Shall I go to the zoo or to the park?

Asking about permission:


• Shall I help you with bags?

• Sometimes – to describe instruction or smth lush


OBLIGATION
Must
Have to

It shows us that the strong It shows us that the


obligation comes from the obligation comes from
speaker. It isn’t a law or a somebody else, from some
rule.  conditions. The speaker
• I must call my dad tonight.
can’t change it.
• John can’t come because he has
to work tomorrow.
Had to – past from have to\must
Should\Ought to – recommendation
PROHIBITION
Both can’t and mustn’t are used to show that something is prohibited – it is not
allowed.

Mustn’t mean
Can’t tells us
s that we are
that something
not allowed to
is against the
do something.
rules.
It is prohibited.
PERMISSION
• Can and May are used to ask about permission to do something.

May – more
Can – asking formal and
about general polite asking
permission. about
permission.
LACK OF NECESSITY/OBLIGATION
"Lack of necessity" is also called "absence of obligation".

Don’t have to
• She doesn’t have to come today. (not necessary) You can do
something if
don't need to. you want to
• She doesn’t need to come today. )general but it’s not
situation, not from the speaker) compulsory.

needn't
• She needn’t come today. (more formal, comes
from the speaker)
Used to say that something was possible in past.
Perfect modals
MUST\CAN’T - logical assumptions about past events, if we are 100% sure about the reasons for something that
happened
MIGHT/MAY/ COULD - These express possibility or uncertainty about past actions.
SHOULD /SHOULDN’T - These express the feeling that a mistake was made. There is a criticism.

Structure: MODAL VERB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (VIII\Ved)

I must have left my wallet in the car


( I’m sure)
He may not have received your letter.
(perhaps he didn’t)
You shouldn’t have cheated during the
exam.
( you were wrong to do so)
Choose the right forms have to, don't have to, can, can't, should or
shouldn't to complete the following sentences.
You  …………shout at the children. It frightens them.
I’m sorry but you …………………..bring your dog in here. It’s
forbidden.
You ………………………have a visa before travelling to the USA.
It’s the law.
You ……………………… stay in the library till eight o’clock. It’s open
all evening.
I think you  ………….think carefully before you sell the house.
You  ………………… buy a new alarm clock. This one is broken.
You  ………………………wear a uniform at my new school.
You  …………………..leave your bag open on the bus.
We  …………………go now or we’ll be late.
You ………………………be at the airport by five o’clock.
The teacher will give you the name of a place
and you need to write the rules for this place
using MUST, MUSTN’T, HAVE TO, DON’T
HAVE TO.
You have 5-7 min to create rules and then read
out your ideas for everyone. The rest of class
needs to guess the place.

Example:
Club: you mustn’t wear sneakers, you have to be over 18 to enter,
you must buy some drinks, you don’t have to wear official dress.
Homework:

1.Grammar Practice Module 7 –


GR14
2.Get ready for dictation Module
7a,b,d,f
3.Grammar check page 150 ex 1-3
4.TAILS

You might also like