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    Laser & Light Therapy: Miftahul Zannah

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    miranda salim
    Laser therapy involves using low-level lasers or light to stimulate healing processes in the body. It works by penetrating the skin without damage and directing light energy to cells to promote natural healing and pain relief. The light increases cell metabolism, blood flow, and collagen production. Common types of lasers used are helium-neon and semiconductor diode lasers, which emit wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 880 nm respectively. Treatment parameters like wavelength, power, dosage, and technique are important to elicit a therapeutic response without being suppressive. Contraindications include direct eye exposure and use over cancerous areas. When administered properly, laser therapy provides relief for soft tissue injuries, arthritis, wounds and various other conditions

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    Laser & Light Therapy: Miftahul Zannah

    Uploaded by

    miranda salim
    49 views27 pages
    Laser therapy involves using low-level lasers or light to stimulate healing processes in the body. It works by penetrating the skin without damage and directing light energy to cells to promote natural healing and pain relief. The light increases cell metabolism, blood flow, and collagen production. Common types of lasers used are helium-neon and semiconductor diode lasers, which emit wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 880 nm respectively. Treatment parameters like wavelength, power, dosage, and technique are important to elicit a therapeutic response without being suppressive. Contraindications include direct eye exposure and use over cancerous areas. When administered properly, laser therapy provides relief for soft tissue injuries, arthritis, wounds and various other conditions

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    DOC-20190206-WA0009

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    Laser therapy involves using low-level lasers or light to stimulate healing processes in the body. It works by penetrating the skin without damage and directing light energy to cells to promote natural healing and pain relief. The light increases cell metabolism, blood flow, and collagen production. Common types of lasers used are helium-neon and semiconductor diode lasers, which emit wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 880 nm respectively. Treatment parameters like wavelength, power, dosage, and technique are important to elicit a therapeutic response without being suppressive. Contraindications include direct eye exposure and use over cancerous areas. When administered properly, laser therapy provides relief for soft tissue injuries, arthritis, wounds and various other conditions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    49 views27 pages

    Laser & Light Therapy: Miftahul Zannah

    Uploaded by

    miranda salim
    Laser therapy involves using low-level lasers or light to stimulate healing processes in the body. It works by penetrating the skin without damage and directing light energy to cells to promote natural healing and pain relief. The light increases cell metabolism, blood flow, and collagen production. Common types of lasers used are helium-neon and semiconductor diode lasers, which emit wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 880 nm respectively. Treatment parameters like wavelength, power, dosage, and technique are important to elicit a therapeutic response without being suppressive. Contraindications include direct eye exposure and use over cancerous areas. When administered properly, laser therapy provides relief for soft tissue injuries, arthritis, wounds and various other conditions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Laser & Light

    Therapy

    MIFTAHUL ZANNAH
    What is Laser Therapy?
    Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation

    Compressed light of a wavelength from the cold, red part of the spectrum of
    electromagnetic radiation
    ◦ Monochromatic - single wavelength, single color
    ◦ Coherent - travels in straight line
    ◦ Polarized - concentrates its beam in a defined location/spot
    History
    Albert Einstein – 1st described this theory that was transformed in to laser
    therapy

    By the end of the 60’s, Endre Mester (Hungary) -


    ◦ was reporting on wound healing through laser therapy

    In early 1960’s, the 1st low level laser was developed.

    In Feb. 2002, the MicroLight 830 (ML830) received FDA approval for
    Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Treatment (research treatment)

    Laser therapy – has been studied in Europe for past 25-30 years; US 15-20
    years
    What’s in a Name?
    Therapeutic Laser
    Low-intensity-level Laser
    Low Level Laser Therapy
    Photobiostimulation Laser
    Low Power Laser Therapy
    Photobiomodulation Laser
    Low Level Laser
    Mid-Laser
    Low Power Laser
    Medical Laser
    Low-energy Laser
    Biostimulating Laser
    Soft Laser
    Bioregulating Laser
    Low-reactive-level Laser
    What Does It Do?
    Laser light waves penetrate the skin with no heating
    effect, no damage to skin & no side effects.

    **Laser light directs biostimulative light energy to the


    body’s cells which convert into chemical energy to
    promote natural healing & pain relief.

    Optimizes the immune responses of blood & has anti-


    inflammatory & immunosuppressive effects.
    Physiological Effects
    Biostimulation – improved metabolism, increase of
    cell metabolism
    ◦ Increases speed, quality & tensile strength of tissue repair
    Improved blood circulation & vasodilation
    ◦ Increases blood supply
    Increases ATP production
    Analgesic effect
    ◦ Relieves acute/chronic pain
    Anti-inflammatory & anti-edematous effects
    ◦ Reduces inflammation
    Physiological Effects
    Stimulation of wound healing
    ◦ Promotes faster wound healing/clot formation
    ◦ Helps generate new & healthy cells & tissue

    Increase collagen production


    ◦ Develops collagen & muscle tissue

    Increase macrophage activity


    ◦ Stimulates immune system

    Alter nerve conduction velocity


    ◦ Stimulates nerve function
    Tissue & Cellular Response
    Red light affects all cell types
    ◦ Absorbed by the mitochondrial present in all cells
    ◦ Cytochromes (respiratory chain enzymes) within the
    mitochondria have been identified as the primary
    biostimulation chromophores (primary light-absorbing
    molecules).
    ◦ Since enzymes are catalysts with the capability of
    processing thousands of substrate molecules, they provide
    amplification of initiation of a biological response with
    light.
    Infrared light is more selective absorbed by specific
    proteins in the cell membrane & affects permeability
    directly
    Tissue & Cellular Response
    Magnitude of tissue’s reaction are based on physical
    characteristics of:
    ◦ Output wavelength/frequency
    ◦ Density of power
    ◦ Duration of treatment
    ◦ Vascularity of target tissues

    Direct effect - occurs from absorption of photons


    Indirect effect – produced by chemical events caused by
    interaction of photons emitted from laser & the tissues
    LASER Regulation
    LASERs - classified by the FDA’s Center for Devices &
    Radiological Health based on the Accessible Emission
    Limit (AEL).

    Class Levels 1-4


    ◦ 1 = incapable of producing damaging radiation levels (laser printers & CD
    players)
    ◦ 2 = low-power visible lasers (400-700 nm wavelength, 1 mW)
    ◦ 3 = medium-power lasers - needs eye protection
    ◦ 3a – up to 5 mW
    ◦ 3b** – 5 mw-500 mW
    ◦ 4 = high-power lasers– presents fire hazard (exceeds 500 mW)
    Laser Generators
    Components of a generator:
    ◦ Power supply – electrical power supply that can deliver up to 10,000 volts
    & 100’s amps
    ◦ Lasing medium – gas, solid, liquid
    ◦ Pumping device –
    ◦ high voltage, photoflash lamps, radio-frequency oscillators or other lasers
    (pumping is used to describe the process of elevating an orbiting electron
    to a higher, excited energy level)
    ◦ Optical resonant cavity – contains lasing medium
    Types of Lasers
    4 categories of lasers
    ◦ Crystal & Glass (solid - rod)
    ◦ Synthetic ruby & others (synthetic ensures purity)

    ◦ Gas (chamber) – 1961


    ◦ HeNe, argon, CO2, & others (HeNe under investigation)

    ◦ Semiconductor (diode - channel) - 1962


    ◦ Gallium Arsenide (GaAs under investigation)

    ◦ Liquid (Dye) - Organic dyes as lasing medium

    ◦ Chemical – extremely high powered, frequently used for military purposes


    High vs. Low Level Lasers
    High Low
    ◦ Surgical Lasers ◦ Medical Lasers
    ◦ Hard Lasers ◦ Soft Lasers
    ◦ Thermal ◦ Subthermal
    ◦ Energy – 3000-10000 mW ◦ Energy – 1-500 mW
    ◦ Therapeutic (Cold) lasers produce
    maximum output of 90 mW or less
    ◦ 600-1000 nm light
    Parameters
    Laser
    Patient ◦ Wavelength
    ◦ Need medical history & proper ◦ Output power
    diagnosis
    ◦ Diabetes – may alter clinical efficacy
    ◦ Average power
    ◦ Medications ◦ Intensity
    ◦ Photosensitivity (antibiotics) ◦ Dosage
    ◦ Pigmentation
    ◦ Dark skin absorbs light energy better
    Parameters - Wavelength
    Nanometers (nm)
    Longer wavelength (lower frequency) = greater penetration
    Not fully determined
    Wavelength is affected by power
    Parameters – Energy Density
    Dosage (D) Dosage is dependent on:
    ◦ Output of laser in mW
    Amount of energy applied per unit
    ◦ Time of exposure in seconds
    area
    ◦ Beam surface area of laser in cm2
    Measured in Joules/square cm
    (J/cm2) Various dosage ranges per site (1-
    ◦ Joule – unit of energy 9 J/cm2)
    ◦ 1 Joule = 1 W/sec
    Parameters – Energy Density
    Recommended Dosage Range
    ◦ Therapeutic response = 0.001-10 J/cm2
    ◦ Minimal window threshold to elicit response
    ◦ Too much – suppressive effect
    ◦ Open wounds – 0.5-1.0 J/cm2
    ◦ Intact skin – 2.0-4.0 J/cm2
    ◦ Average treatment – 6 /cm2
    Helium Neon Lasers
    Uses a gas mixture in a pressurized tube
    ◦ Now available in semiconductor laser

    Emits red light


    Wavelength: 632.8 nm
    Power output: 1.0-25.0 mW
    Energy depth: 6-10 mm

    The higher the output lasers (even though they are still low power) allow reduced
    delivery time
    What Does it Look Like?

    http://www.laserhealthsystems.com/omegaofferings.htm

    http://www.thorlaser.com/products/
    Indications
    Indications
    ◦ Soft tissue injuries
    ◦ Fractures
    ◦ Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis
    ◦ Pain
    ◦ Wounds & Ulcers
    ◦ Acupuncture
    Contraindications
    Contraindications
    ◦ Application over eyes
    ◦ Possibly can damage cellular structure or DNA
    ◦ Cancerous growths
    ◦ Pregnancy – over & around uterus
    ◦ Over cardiac region & Vagus nerve
    ◦ Growth plates in children
    ◦ Over & around thyroid gland & endocrine glands
    ◦ Patients who have been pre-treated with one or more
    photosensitizers
    Treatment Precautions
    Better to underexpose than to overexpose
    Avoid direct exposure into eyes (If lasing for extended
    periods of time, safety glasses are recommended)

    May experience a syncope (loss of consciousness)


    episode during treatment during chronic pain, but
    very rare
    If icing – use BEFORE phototherapy
    ◦ Enhances light penetration

    If using heat therapy – use AFTER phototherapy


    ◦ Decreases light penetration
    Treatment Techniques
    Gridding Technique
    ◦ Divide treatment areas into grids of square centimeters

    Scanning Technique
    ◦ No contact between laser tip in skin; tip is held 5-10 mm from wound

    Wanding Technique
    ◦ A grid area is bathed with the laser in an oscillating fashion; distance should be no farther than 1
    cm from skin

    Point Application (Acupuncture point)


    Treatment Techniques
    Simple Maintain laser perpendicular to
    treatment surface
    For general application, only
    treatment time & pulse rate vary Firm contact unless open wound
    Dosage Clean area prior to treatment
    ◦ Most important variable in laser
    therapy & may be difficult to Begin with minimal treatment and
    determine because of the above gradually increase
    conditions
    Check for pre/post-treatment
    Handheld applicator changes
    Tip should be in light contact with Ask the patient how they are
    skin while laser is engaged for doing prior to next treatment
    calculated time ◦ May have to adjust dosage
    Dynatron’s Solaris D880 Infrared Therapy

    ◦ 880 nm wavelength – SLD (32 ) (deep)


    ◦ 660 nm – LED (4) (superficial)
    ◦ 10 minute max. treatment or 60 Joules
    ◦ Place probe on treatment area. Maintain constant contact
    with the skin.
    ◦ Do not bathe the area with the probe.
    ◦ FDA cleared to “provide topical heating for temporary
    increase in blood circulation, temporary relief of minor
    muscle & joint aches, pain & stiffness & relaxation of
    muscles; for muscle spasms & minor pain & stiffness
    associated with arthritis.”
    ◦ Dynatron Solaris 709
    MedX Laser & Light Therapy
    Laser probe
    SLD (2)

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