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IoT Based Green House Monitoring and Controlling Using Arduino

This document describes an IoT-based greenhouse monitoring and controlling system using Arduino. Sensors like DHT11, soil moisture, LDR, and ultrasonic are used to measure temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, and water level respectively. An Arduino microcontroller reads the sensor values and controls actuators like fans, pumps, and lights if the values exceed thresholds. The sensor data is sent over WiFi to a mobile app, allowing remote monitoring and control of the greenhouse environment to optimize plant growth. The system automates environmental control to reduce human intervention and energy use while improving crop quality and yield.

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Sai pavan kumar
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3K views

IoT Based Green House Monitoring and Controlling Using Arduino

This document describes an IoT-based greenhouse monitoring and controlling system using Arduino. Sensors like DHT11, soil moisture, LDR, and ultrasonic are used to measure temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, and water level respectively. An Arduino microcontroller reads the sensor values and controls actuators like fans, pumps, and lights if the values exceed thresholds. The sensor data is sent over WiFi to a mobile app, allowing remote monitoring and control of the greenhouse environment to optimize plant growth. The system automates environmental control to reduce human intervention and energy use while improving crop quality and yield.

Uploaded by

Sai pavan kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IoT Based Greenhouse monitoring

and controlling using Arduino

Under the Guidance of Presented by :


Dr. R. Bhargav Ram J. Sai Pavan Kumar (Y17AEC463)
Asst. Professor A. Rehman (Y17AEC401)
Department of ECE G. Murali Sai (Y17AEC456)
Bapatla Engineering College B. Mounika (Y17AEC417)
Bapatla B. Sivannarayana (Y17AEC411)
Contents
 Objectives
 Introduction
 Internet of Things
 System Hardware and Software
 Working
 Advantages
 Conclusion
 References
Objectives
 To continuously monitor the environmental parameters i.e., temperature,
humidity, light intensity of the green house and automatically control them if any
of them exceeds a defined level.
 To automatically control the temperature, humidity, light intensity of the
greenhouse, whenever necessary, to achieve the optimum growth of plants.
 To design a simple, economical and reliable system which is feasible for
everyone.
 To protect the plants from sudden environmental changes / natural calamities etc.
 To increase the productivity of crops
 To reduce / eliminate the human intervention in the agriculture fields.
Introduction
 A greenhouse can be defined as a closed structure which is used to
protect the plants from external factors such as climatic conditions,
pollution, etc.

 It offers a sustainable and efficient development of the plants


throughout the year. But to get the desired result, parameters like
temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity to be
controlled which are important for better plant growth.

 An Arduino based greenhouse environment monitoring and


controlling system using sensors has been designed. For this
project, Arduino microcontroller is used. Arduino can receive
input from a variety of sensors, and it can control motors, lights,
and other actuators.
 Four sensors (DHT11 sensor, LDR sensor, Soil moisture sensor, ultrasonic
sensor) are used. DHT11 sensor is used to measure temperature and humidity.
Soil moisture sensor measures the water content in soil. LDR sensor is used to
measure the light intensity. Ultrasonic sensor is used to indicate the water level.

 A cooling fan, exhaust fan, water pump, artificial light are also connected to the
Arduino. All environmental parameters are sent to android mobile phone through
internet. User can view the sensed parameters in an android based web
application, where he can control them directly by sending commands.

 Monitoring and controlling the parameters of the green house requires the
following steps :

1. Acquisition of data through sensors.

2. Processing of data, comparing it with desired states and finally

deciding what must be done to change the system.

3. Actuation component carrying the necessary action.


Internet of Things
• The internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects or
things embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network
connectivity, which enables the objects to collect and exchange
data.

• IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across


existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more
direct integration between the physical world and computer-based
systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy, and
economic benefit.

• The most important features of IoT include artificial intelligence,


connectivity, sensors, active engagement, and small device use.
System Hardware
1. Arduino Uno :
• Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform in electronics based
easy to-use hardware and software.

• Arduino is a microcontroller based prototyping board which can be used


in developing digital devices that can read inputs like finger on a button,
touch on a screen, light on a sensor etc. and turning it in to output like
switching on an LED, rotating a motor, playing songs through speaker
etc.

• The Arduino board can be programmed to do anything by simply programming


the microcontroller on board using a set of instructions for which, the Arduino
board consists of a USB plug to communicate with your computer and a bunch of
connection sockets that can be wired to external devices like motors, LEDs etc.
2. DHT11 Sensor :
• DHT11 is a low-cost digital sensor for sensing temperature and humidity.  This sensor can be easily
interfaced with any micro-controller such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi etc… to measure humidity and
temperature instantaneously.

• DHT11 sensor consists of a capacitive humidity sensing element and a thermistor for sensing
temperature.  The humidity sensing capacitor has two electrodes with a moisture holding substrate as
a dielectric between them. Change in the capacitance value occurs with the change in humidity levels.
The IC measure, process this changed resistance values and change them into digital form.

3. Soil moisture sensor :


• Soil moisture sensor measures the volumetric water content in soil. Since the direct gravimetric
measurement of free-soil moisture requires removing, drying, and weighing of a sample, soil moisture
sensor measures the volumetric water content indirectly by using some other property of the soil, such
as electric resistance, dielectric constant, or interaction with neutrons, as a proxy for the moisture
content.
4. LDR Sensor :
• Light dependent resistors or photoresistors are often used in electronic circuit designs
where it is necessary to detect the presence or the level of light.

• An electronic component like LDR is responsive to light. Once light rays drop on it,
then immediately the resistance will be changed. The resistance value will be dropped
when the light level increases. The resistance values of LDR in darkness are several
megaohms whereas in bright light it will be dropped to hundred ohms.

5. Ultrasonic Sensor :
• An ultrasonic sensor is an electronic device that measures the distance of a target object
by emitting ultrasonic sound waves and converts the reflected sound into an electrical
signal. Ultrasonic waves travel faster than the speed of audible sound (i.e., the sound
that humans can hear). Ultrasonic sensors have two main components: the transmitter
(which emits the sound using piezoelectric crystals) and the receiver (which encounters
the sound after it has travelled to and from the target).
6. Relay module :
• Relay is an electromechanical device that uses an electric current to
open or close the contacts of a switch. The single-channel relay
module is much more than just a plain relay, it comprises of
components that make switching and connection easier and act as
indicators to show if the module is powered and if the relay is active
or not.

7. Wi-fi module :
• The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated
TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to the
Wi-Fi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an
application or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from
another application processor.
System software
Arduino IDE :
• The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is an open-source
software that is mainly used for writing and compiling the code into the Arduino
Module.

• The Arduino IDE supports the languages C and C++ using special rules of code


structuring. It is easily available for operating systems like MAC, Windows, Linux
and runs on the Java Platform that comes with inbuilt functions and commands that
play a vital role for debugging, editing, and compiling the code in the environment.

• The main code, also known as a sketch, created on the IDE platform will ultimately
generate a Hex File which is then transferred and uploaded in the controller on the
board. The IDE environment mainly contains two basic parts: Editor and Compiler
where former is used for writing the required code and later is used for compiling
and uploading the code into the given Arduino Module.
Working
 The Arduino, DHT11 sensor, soil moisture sensor, LDR sensor
and ultrasonic sensor are initialized by supplying the required
voltage of +5V. The ESP8266 wi-fi is initialized by supplying
the required voltage of +3.3V. Whenever the sensor value
exceeds the threshold / defined level then Arduino sends signal
to the user through internet. The user turns on the actuator by
sending another command signal. All environmental
parameters are sending to server through internet and stored in
the database. So, the user can monitor and control the
parameters through android mobile application.
Advantages
• Simple, economical and highly reliable system.

• Reduces / eliminates the human intervention in the field.

• Protects the plants / crops from sudden environmental changes/calamities.

• Reduces the energy and power consumption.

• Improves crop quality and yield.

• Control infection and avoid disease outbreak among plants.

• Water and fertilizer use can be minimized as these systems can more readily
accommodate recycling of water.
Conclusion
 IoT based greenhouse monitoring system is profitable as it continuously monitor the green house environmental
parameters and automatically control them whenever a necessary action must required.

 The entire system is low cost and also consumes less power to operate.

 DHT11 sensor, Soil moisture sensor, LDR sensor and ultrasonic sensor are the main sensors used in this project
which give the exact value of temperature, humidity, moisture content, light intensity, and water level,
respectively.

 This system is designed for controlling and monitoring environmental parameters in greenhouse with an android
mobile application from anyplace via internet.

 This system reduces the power consumption, maintenance, and complexity. This project can be used in
agricultural field, in nursery and in botanical garden etc.
References
1. Vishwakarma, A. Sahu, N. Sheikh, P. Payasi, S. K. Rajput and L. Srivastava, "IOT Based Greenhouse
Monitoring and Controlling System," 2020 IEEE Students Conference on Engineering & Systems (SCES),
Prayagraj, India, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/SCES50439.2020.9236693.
2. M. Danita, B. Mathew, N. Shereen, N. Sharon and J. J. Paul, "IoT Based Automated Greenhouse Monitoring
System," 2018 Second International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS),
Madurai, India, 2018, pp. 1933-1937, doi: 10.1109/ICCONS.2018.8662911.
3. Woli Ullah, Mohammad & Mortuza, Mohammad & Kabir, Md & Ahmed, Zia & Supta, Sovan & Das, Partho &
Hossain, Syed. (2019). Internet of Things Based Smart Greenhouse: Remote Monitoring and Automatic Control.
DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Sciences. 10.12783/dteees/iceee2018/27803.
4. Satpute, Rupali. (2018). IOT Based Greenhouse Monitoring System. International Journal for Research in
Applied Science and Engineering Technology. 6. 2084-2085. 10.22214/ijraset.2018.4354.
5. P. V. Vimal and K. S. Shivaprakasha, "IOT based greenhouse environment monitoring and controlling system
using Arduino platform," 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Instrumentation and Control
Technologies (ICICICT), Kerala, India, 2017, pp. 1514-1519, doi: 10.1109/ICICICT1.2017.8342795.

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