Properties of Matter

Explain the properties of solids,

liquids, and gases based on the
particle nature of matter
 Matter

- is anything that
occupy in space
- Made up of particles
that are in constant
random motion and are
held together by
attractive forces.
Leucippus

Democritus

Atomos
“not to be cut”
 O N
ALT
N D
JO H

In 1800 he presented that matter is made of

very small particles called ATOMS
 According to the particle model:
 

• The particles are attracted towards other

surrounding particles.
• The particles are always moving
• The hotter the substance is the faster the
particles move
Reading Comprehension

•Solids, Liquids, and Gases Matter is basically a substance that

takes up space. All matter is a solid, liquid, or gas, and they are
called the states of matter

•Everywhere a person looks, there are examples of solids: desks,

chairs, windows, rocks, tissues, and much more. Examples of
liquids: water, milk, juice, chocolate syrup, soda, and others.
Examples of gases are harder to see, because they are invisible: the
oxygen in the air, propane gas used for a grill, helium inside a
balloon, and more.
 
• Everything, all matter, can
be identified as a solid,
liquid, or gas. Besides what
they look like, there are
many differences between
solids, liquids, and gases.
These differences are called
characteristics. The
characteristics of each state
of matter are different.
These characteristics
determine if a substance is
a solid, liquid, or gas This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC
A liquid takes the shape of the container it is held in,
and will fill the bottom of a container. Liquids usually
have a smooth surface, but does not have a specific
size.

A person may be able to hold a small amount of liquid

in their hand, but a liquid cannot be held like a solid.
Liquids are less difficult to compress or push. It is
much easier to move through a liquid than a solid. The
molecules of a liquid are spread out more than a solid,
but less than a gas
• Finally, a gas has no shape, but can fill a container or any
size or shape. It will fill an entire container as the
molecules move. A gas cannot be felt in the hands like a
solid or liquid. It has no surface or no particular size. It
cannot be held in a person's hands, and it is easy to push
or compress. A gas is the easiest to move through versus
a liquid or solid.
• The molecules in a gas are more spread out and move all
the time. They are full of energy.
• Water is the best example of a substance that can be a
solid, liquid, or gas. Water by itself is a liquid. When water
freezes it becomes a solid. If a container of water is
heated it turns into a gas called water vapor.
• There are many other substances that can be more than
one type of matter too. Ice cream is solid then turns into
liquid, once melted. A moth ball is solid, but it releases a
gas that can be smelled by a person inside the room. To
summarize, the different states of matter are called
solids, liquids, and gases. The states of matter have
different characteristics and examples of each can be
found throughout the universe.
1. Matter is basically a solid, liquid, or gas that takes
up:
a. A. time
b. B. space
c. C. energy
d. D. heat1
2) Oxygen, helium, and propane are examples of a
a. solid
b.B. liquid
c. C. gas
d.D. minera
3) Which of the following states of matter has a
definite shape?
a. solid
b. liquid
c. gas
d. none of the above
4) Which of the following states of matter takes on
the shape of the container?
a. solid
b. B. liquid
c. gas
d. D. all of the above
5) Which of the following states of matter has no
surface or particular size?
a. solid
b. B. liquid
c. C. gas
d. D. both b and c
5.) Which of the following states of matter has a definite
shape?

a. solid
b. liquid
c. gas
d. none of the above
6.) A particles that move at random directions very
quickly and collide with one another.
a. Plasma membrane
b. Gas
c. Liquid
d. Solid
7.) A particles that are incompressible.
a. Gas
b. Solid
c. Liquid
d. Plasma membrane
8.) A Particles that are closedly packed together in fixed
position.
a. Liquid
b. Plasma membrane
c. Gas
d. Solid
9.) A Particles that have no definite shape but have
definite volume.
a. Solid
b. Gas
c. Plasma membrane
d. Liquid
10. Which of the following describes the molecules in a solid?
a. The molecules are spread out and have lots of energy.
b. B. The molecules are spread out some, but less than a
gas.
c. C. The molecules can easily be moved through.
d. D. The molecules are compact and close together
1. Matter is basically a solid, liquid, or gas that takes
up:

Ans:
2) Oxygen, helium, and propane are examples of a

Ans:
3) Which of the following states of matter has a
definite shape?

Ans:
4) Which of the following states of matter takes on
the shape of the container?

Ans:
5) Which of the following states of matter has no
surface or particular size?

Ans:
6.) A particles that move at random directions very
quickly and collide with one another.

Ans:
7.) A particles that are incompressible.

Ans:
8.) A Particles that are closedly packed together in
fixed position.

Ans:
9.) A Particles that have no definite shape but have
definite volume.
Ans:
10. Which of the following describes the molecules in
a solid?

Ans:
 Learning Task 1

Look at the diagrams it

shows how the
molecules in each
phase of matter
behaves. Complete the
table by filling in the This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

blanks with the correct

word from the word
bank.
 PHASE PROPERTIES
  Distance Energy Motion Volume Shape
 
solid close 1.____ 2.____ definite 3._____
liquid   moderate 5.____ 6.____ indefinite
4.____
gas   8.____ rapid 9._____ 10.____
7.____
 Word bank

Definite indefinite vibrating sliding

Little a lot short distance far apart
Indefinite definite
 PHASE PROPERTIES

  Distance Energy Motion Volume Shape

 

solid close 1.____ 2.____ definite 3._____

liquid   moderate 5.____ 6.____ indefinite

4.____

gas   8.____ rapid 9._____ 10.____

7.____
Using the 3-Circle Venn Diagram, compare and contrast the
properties of Solids, Liquids and Gases.
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
 
1. This state of matter has a definite shape and
volume with particles closely packed together
with little movement.
A. liquid C. gas
B. solid D. plasma
 
2. When you bring two drops of water near each
other and allow them to touch, why do they
combine immediately and become one drop?
 
A. water molecules are made of atoms
B. water molecules are attracted to each other
C. water molecules are magnetic
D. water is a liquid
3. What is the arrangement of particles in a
liquid?
 
A. the particles of a liquid are close to one
another
B. the particles of a liquid are spread out
C. the particles of a liquid vibrate but do not
move past one another
D. a liquid has mass and takes up space
 
4. What is the arrangement of particles in a
solid?
 
A. the particles of a solid are attracted to one
another
B. the particles of a solid are able to move
past one another
C. the particles of a solid vibrate but do not
move past one another
D. a solid has mass and takes up space
 
5. Which of the following statements is true?
 
A. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite
shape.
B. Gases have volume but they do not have mass.
C. Liquids are made up of particles that are
widely spaced.
D. Solids are made up of particles that do not
move
1. This state of matter has a definite shape
and volume with particles closely packed
together with little movement.

Ans:
2. When you bring two drops of water near each
other and allow them to touch, why do they
combine immediately and become one drop?

Ans:
3. What is the arrangement of particles in a
liquid?

Ans:
4. What is the arrangement of particles in a
solid?

Ans:
5. Which of the following statements is
true?

Ans:
 
Write your personal insights about the lesson using the prompts below.

I understand that ________________________

I realize that_____________________________
I need to learn more about _________________
Thank you !!!