QUARTER 4

MODULE 1
Basic Research Terminologies
 PRETEST
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. a systematic and scientific process of gathering and A. Abstract
investigating information to generate answers to B. Data
questions or to develop, define and expand a body of C. Analysis
knowledge.
D. Theory
2. Basic principle that is assumed to be true and from
E. Assumption
which a conclusion can be drawn.
3. The statement that expresses relationship between F. Research
concepts. G. Variables
4. Properties or characteristics of people , things or H. Proposition
situations that change or vary. I. Conceptual
5. This is a clear summary that shows the important Framework
contents of the study. It is usually found in the
beginning of the article.
1. ABSTRACT
a clear summary that shows the important contents
of the study. It is usually found in the beginning of
the article.
2. DATA
 Facts, statistics, figures or evidences collected
during the study.
3. VARIABLES
 Properties or characteristics of people , things or
situations that change or vary.

a. Independent Variable – The variable that is

changed and controlled in an experiment to test the
effects on the dependent variables.
b. Dependent Variable – The variable that is being
tested.
3. VARIABLES
 The Length of student’s sleep affects his test scores.
• Independent variable – the length of sleep
• Dependent variable – test scores
 The difference between how man and woman
defines love.
• Independent variable – gender (M/F)
• Dependent variable - their definitions of love
4. PROPOSITION
 The statement that expresses relationship between
concepts.

Example:
relationship between playing mobile games and
player’s behavior
5. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
 An interrelated concepts put together by
relevance.
6. ASSUMPTION
Basic principle that is assumed to be true and from
which a conclusion can be drawn.

Example:
The plasma from the blood of the COVID-19 patients
is a potential cure for the infection.
7. TARGET POPULATION
 The set of individuals or object with common
characteristics selected for a research study.

Example:
The doctors and nurses are target population for the
research topic “The Difficulties Encountered by Health
Workers During Pandemic”
8. SAMPLING
The process of selecting sample from the target
population to represent the entire population.
 9. ANALYSIS
 Method of sorting, organizing and interpreting data to
answer research question and to draw inferences.

Looking at this chart, using data as of August 10, the number of new
cases per day started to go up around late May and June, and continued
to rise in July, with the highest one-day count so far at 4,002 recorded on
July 27.
10. PARADIGM
This is a set of assumptions and perceptual
orientations shared by members of the research
community. This also includes the research method
employed in the research.
GUIDED PRACTICE
1. This is a set of assumptions and perceptual orientations shared by
members of the research community.
2. This is the process of selecting sample from the target population
to represent the entire population.
3. This is the method of sorting, organizing and interpreting data to
answer research question and to draw inferences.
4. The variable that is changed and controlled in an experiment to
test the effects on the dependent variables.
5. This is the set of individuals or object with common
characteristics selected for a research study.
 ACTIVITY 1 – IV / DV
1. What is the effect of online gaming in the social
behavior of a person.
2. Which online shop app, Lazada or Shoppee is used by
most online shoppers?
3. How does the pandemic affect the economy of the
Phillipines?
4. Which gender has the stronger coping mechanism
against stress?
5. How many consumers choose Milk Tea over Iced
Coffee?
ACTIVITY 2
 ACTIVITY 2
1. What is the survey all about?

A. The decrease in the unemployment rate in the

Philippines in fiscal year.
B.The difference between the unemployment rate in year
2019 and 2020
C.The increase in number of unemployed Filipinos as of
April 2020.
D.The effect of Corona virus in the life of Filipinos.
 ACTIVITY 2
2. Who do you think is the target population of the
research ?

A. The employees in the National Statistics Office

B. The local government officials
C. The labor force of the country
D. The senior citizens and vulnerable sector in the society.
 ACTIVITY 2
3. What conclusion can you formulate from the data ?
A. The unemployment rate in the country is continuous to
rise every year.
B. Most Filipinos preferred to be self employed.
C. The economic shutdown brought by the pandemic caused
the high rate of unemployment.
D. The effect of Corona virus in the economic is yet to end.
 POSTTEST
1. These are the properties or characteristics of people ,
things or situations that change or vary.
A. Variables B. Research
C. Data D. Target Population

2. The variable that is being tested.

A. data B. Variables
C. dependent variable D. Independent Variable
3. This is a basic principle that is assumed to be true and
from which a conclusion can be drawn.
A. Conceptual Framework B. Population
C. Assumption D. Paradigm

4. This is a set of assumptions and perceptual orientations

shared by members of the research community.
A. Conceptual Framework B. Analysis
C. Assumption D. Paradigm
POSTTEST
5. These are the facts, statistics, figures or evidences
collected during the study.
A. Variables
B. Research
C. Data
D. Target Population
 QUARTER 4
MODULE 2
Distinguishing Technical Terms Used in Research:
Other Research Terms and Expressions
 PRETEST
1. What is a tool that includes structured sets of questions
on specified subjects that are used to gather information,
attitudes, or opinions?
A. Questionnaire B. Data C. Survey D. Experiment

2. What kind of source is immediate, first-hand account of

a topic, from people who had a direct connection with it?
A. Secondary B. Primary C. Tertiary D. Journalistic
3. What is the factual information used as a basis for
reasoning, discussion, or calculation?
A. Questionnaire B. Data C. Survey D. Experiment

4. What kind of source is one step removed from primary

sources which can cover the same topic, but add a layer of
interpretation and analysis?
A. Secondary B. Primary C. Tertiary D. Journalistic

5. What is a list of all of the sources you have used in the

process of researching your work?
A. Source B. Citation C. Bibliography D. Footnote
RESEARCH

“recherché”
“to go about seeking”
A. TYPES OF INFORMATION
RESOURCES
1. Primary Sources are immediate, first-hand accounts of a topic,
from people who had a direct connection with it.
a. Texts of laws and other original documents.
b. Newspaper reports, by reporters who witnessed an event or who
quote people who did.
c. Speeches, diaries, letters and interviews - what the people involved
said or wrote.
d. Original research.
e. Datasets, survey data, such as census or economic statistics.
f. Photographs, video, or audio that capture an event.
A. TYPES OF INFORMATION
RESOURCES
2. Secondary Sources are one step removed from primary sources,
though they often quote or otherwise use primary sources. They can
cover the same topic, but add a layer of interpretation and analysis.
a. Most books about a topic.
b. Analysis or interpretation of data.
c. Scholarly or other articles about a topic, especially by people not
directly involved.
d. Documentaries (though they often include photos or video portions
that can be considered primary sources).
B. OTHER RESEARCH TERMS
1. BIBLIOGRAPHY is a list of all of the sources you have
used (whether referenced or not) in the process of researching
your work.
a. the authors' names
b. the titles of the works
c. the names and locations of the companies that published
your copies of the sources
d. the dates your copies were published
e. the page numbers of your sources (if they are part of multi-
source volumes)
2. CITATION
is a reference to the source of information used in your
research. Any time you directly quote, paraphrase or
summarize the essential elements of someone else's idea in
your work, an in-text citation should follow. An in-text
citation is a brief notation within the text of your paper or
presentation which refers the reader to a fuller notation, or
end-of-paper citation, which provides all necessary details
about that source of information.
3. DATA
is the factual information [as measurements or
statistics] used as a basis for reasoning,
discussion, or calculation.
4. INTERVIEW
is a conversation for gathering information. A
research interview involves an interviewer, who
coordinates the process of the conversation and asks
questions, and an interviewee, who responds to those
questions. Interviews can be conducted face-to- face
or over the telephone. The internet is also emerging as
a tool for interviewing.
5. QUESTIONNAIRE
is a structured set of questions on specified
subjects that are used to gather information, attitudes,
or opinions.
ACTIVITY 1 – PRIMARY / SECONDARY
1. Dissertation
2. Letters and Diaries
3. Encyclopedia
4. Biography
5. Interview
ACTIVITY 2 – TRUE/FALSE
1. Interviews cannot be done face-to-face or over the telephone. The
internet is also emerging as a tool for interviewing.
2. Secondary sources are one step removed from primary sources,
though they often quote or otherwise use primary sources.
3. Speeches, diaries, letters and interviews are examples of
secondary sources.
4. The word research came from the Middle French Word
"recherche", which means "to go about seeking".
5. Citation is a reference to the source of information used in your
research.
POSTTEST
1. Which of the following is NOT an example of a
Secondary Source?
A. Dissertation B. Letters
C. News Article D. Encyclopedia

2. What kind of citation provides all necessary details

about that source of information?
A. In-text Citation B. Middle-text Citation
C. Final paper Citation D.End-of-paper Citation
3. In writing a bibliography, which of the following
should NOT be included?
A. Author’s Name B. Title of the Book
C. Name of Publication D. Number of Pages

4. Why do researchers have to conduct an interview?

A. To be informed B. To be knowledgeable
C. To gather information D. To have a deeper
understanding of what the interviewee is
talking about
5. How do researchers provide citations?
A. They can simply copy the entire information from
someone else's idea.
B. They can directly quote, paraphrase or summarize the
essential elements of someone else's idea in their work.
C. They can only read someone else's idea and use only
a few words in their work.
D. They can simply use the work of others by copying it
word for word.
 QUARTER 4
MODULE 3
Giving Technical and Operational
Definitions
 PRETEST
1. It explains or describes technical terminologies.
A. context B. literal definition
C. operational definition D. technical definition

2. It conveys the thing that one intends to convey by

language.
B. context B. definition
C. explanation D. meaning
3. It is the specific meaning of a word or phrase given to it by the
group of people who use the word in their specific context.
A. context B. literal definition
C. operational definition D. technical definition

4. It changes the meaning of words and sometimes their grammatical

form.
A. concept B. context C. definition D. meaning

5. Tongue is a part of a belt buckle. This is an example of __________

definition.
A. concept B. context C. definition D. operational
 DEFINITION
A definition is the thing one
intends to convey
especially by language.
 TECHNICAL DEFINITION
mostly refers to the aspect of explaining or describing
any technical terms or terminology. Technical
definitions could be used in expanding the vocabulary
since most of these terms are explained in the exact
manner.
Example: A computer is a device or machine used in
performing, assessing, evaluation and following
commands set by the users.
 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
is the specific meaning of a word or phrase given to it
by the group of people who use the word in their
specific context.

Example: A computer is something used in doing

homework or browsing the internet.  
PRACTICE–
TECHNICAL/OPERATIONAL
1. Adultery is a violation of God’s moral law after marriage.
2. Clinic visits are appointments to clinics other than the regular
follow-up to primary care clinics.
3. Carbohydrates are food group including sugars, starches, and
cellulose.
4. Influenza is an acute, highly contagious infection of the
respiratory tract.
5. Employee satisfaction is the number of days per month that
the employee shows up to work on time.
ACTIVITY 1 – TRUE/FALSE
1. Definition is the same as meaning.
2. Contexts change the meaning of words, and sometimes their
grammatical form.
3. Operational definition is merely based on dictionaries.
4. Definition conveys the thing that one intends to convey by
language.
5. Technical definitions can’t be used in expanding the
vocabulary since most of these terms are explained in the
exact manner.
ACTIVITY 2
1. affection
A. a feeling of liking and caring for
someone or something
B. how many times they smile at
their parent
ACTIVITY 2
2. snob
A. one who tends to rebuff, avoid,
or ignore those regarded as
inferior
B. how many times they ignore
people
ACTIVITY 2
3. depressed

A. low in spirits
B. score on a depression test
ACTIVITY 2
4. smart

A. grade point average

B. having a high degree of mental
ability
ACTIVITY 2
5. sense of humor
A. how many times people laughs
B. a personality that gives someone the
ability to say funny things and see
the funny side of things.
POSTTEST
1. A flash drive is a small, lightweight, portable USB device
that allows users to store, carry and transfer files.
A. context B. literal C. operational D. technical

2. Bitterness is the inward evidence that we are more

concerned with things that will be destroyed with time.
A. context B. literal C. operational D. technical
3. A Christian is one in whom Christ lives.
A. context B. literal C. operational D. technical

4. DepEd is the government agency that formulates,

implements, and coordinates policies, plans, programs, and
projects in areas of formal and non-formal basic education.
A. context B. literal C. operational D. technical

5. An elephant is a large mammal with a prehensile trunk, long

ivory tusks, and large ears.
A. context B. literal C. operational D. technical
 QUARTER 4
MODULE 4
Expanded Definition of Words
 PRETEST
1. Love is a crazy thing, and chances are, you've spent hours upon hours pondering
life questions about the feeling at one moment or another.
2. “Peace is not something you wish for; It's something you make, something you do,
something you are, and something you give away”- John Lennon
3. The root of ‘English’ is ‘Engl’ which came from the ancient Germanic tribe, the
Angles, who spoke a language that later became English. The -ish is just a suffix,
that means “language of” in this case.
4. Once upon a time, bullying in schools only referred to the students who forced the
smaller students to give up their lunch money or the ones who beat them up after
school.
5. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.
 EXTENDED DEFINITION
Extended definition is the meaning of an idea
or word that is presented in a longer, paragraph
format. We understand what we read, and we
better explain our point when we know what
the words mean.
 1. LISTING AND DESCRIBING
PARTS smaller, more familiar pieces of an
 identifying
idea to point to the definition of the bigger
concept.

Example: Health is a state of complete physical,

mental and social well-being.
 2. ETYMOLOGY
 sharing the word's origin.

Example: The root of ‘English’ is ‘Engl’ which

came from the ancient Germanic
tribe, the Angles, who spoke a language that
later became English. The -ish is just a suffix,
that means “language of” in this case.
 3. EXAMPLES OR ANECDOTES
 telling a story or example that illustrates the
term.

Example: Once upon a time, bullying in schools

only referred to the students who forced the
smaller students to give up their lunch money or
the ones who beat them up after school.
 4. NEGATION
 defining a term by explaining what the
concept is not.

Example: “Peace is not something you wish for;

It's something you make, something you do,
something you are, and something you give
away”-
John Lennon
 5. EVOKING THE SENSES
 using a word that creates a picture in the
reader's mind so that the reader might relate
through memory of sound, sight, touch,
hearing, or smell.
Example: Love is a crazy thing, and chances
are, you've spent hours upon
hours pondering life questions about the feeling
at one moment or another.
 6. ENVIRONMENT OR SECTOR
 pointing out how and where something is
used.

Example: The use of computers on a regular

basis in our life is very important. Technically
in daily life computer is used to convert raw
facts and data into meaningful information and
knowledge.
 7. RAMIFICATIONS
 showing how the term or concept affects people
or objects.

Example: Global warming, the gradual heating of

Earth's surface, oceans and
atmosphere, is caused by human activity, primarily the
burning of fossil fuels that pump carbon dioxide (CO2),
methane and other greenhouse gases into the
atmosphere.
 8. HISTORICAL PREFERENCES
 showing how a word has been defined
throughout history.
Example: Rizal always considered education as a
medicine or something that could cure the problems of
Colonial Philippines. He believed in
education that is free from political and religious
control. He asserted that reform cannot be achieved if
there is no suitable education, a liberal one available to
Filipinos.
 ACTIVITY 1 – TRUE/FALSE
1. Extended definition helps us to clearly understand the meaning of
words.
2. There are several techniques to do extended definition of words.
3. You are proficient in a language if you know how to define words.
4. Historical reference is one of the techniques in expanded definition that
uses history as a basis of the meaning of the word.
5. “The word democracy comes from the Greek words "demos", meaning
people, and "kratos" meaning power,” is an example of a sentence that
uses Negation in defining.
 POSTTEST
1. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to
convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich
organic compounds.
2. Health is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
3. Government, Aristotle says, must be in the hands of one, of a few, or of the
many; and governments may govern for the general good or for the good of
the rulers.
4. There are a few types of excitement, but they're all exciting — they get your
attention. If you can't wait for your birthday, you're feeling a happy kind of
excitement.
5. ‘Communis’ is a Latin word related to the word communication. Communis
is noun word, which means common, communality or sharing.