Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 78 views

    Principles of Hydrostatics Lesson2

    Uploaded by

    Tomori Nao
    This document discusses key principles of hydrostatics including: 1. Pascal's Law states that pressure in a fluid is equal in all directions. 2. There are two types of pressure - absolute pressure (above a vacuum) and gauge pressure (above or below atmospheric pressure). 3. Manometers are tubes containing liquid used to measure pressure, and come in open, differential, and piezometer types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Principles of Hydrostatics Lesson2

    Uploaded by

    Tomori Nao
    78 views14 pages
    This document discusses key principles of hydrostatics including: 1. Pascal's Law states that pressure in a fluid is equal in all directions. 2. There are two types of pressure - absolute pressure (above a vacuum) and gauge pressure (above or below atmospheric pressure). 3. Manometers are tubes containing liquid used to measure pressure, and come in open, differential, and piezometer types.

    Original Description:

    This is good for students who wants to learn.

    Original Title

    Principles-of-Hydrostatics-lesson2 (1)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses key principles of hydrostatics including: 1. Pascal's Law states that pressure in a fluid is equal in all directions. 2. There are two types of pressure - absolute pressure (above a vacuum) and gauge pressure (above or below atmospheric pressure). 3. Manometers are tubes containing liquid used to measure pressure, and come in open, differential, and piezometer types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    78 views14 pages

    Principles of Hydrostatics Lesson2

    Uploaded by

    Tomori Nao
    This document discusses key principles of hydrostatics including: 1. Pascal's Law states that pressure in a fluid is equal in all directions. 2. There are two types of pressure - absolute pressure (above a vacuum) and gauge pressure (above or below atmospheric pressure). 3. Manometers are tubes containing liquid used to measure pressure, and come in open, differential, and piezometer types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    PRINCIPLES

    OF
    HYDROSTATICS
    (Lesson 2)
    • 
    Unit pressure or Pressure
    Pressure is the force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas on a body or
    surface, with the force acting at right angles to the surface uniformly in all
    directions.
    P=

    where:
    F = lb or kg
    A = or
    PASCAL’S LAW

    Pascal’s Law, developed by French mathematician Blaise Pascal, states that


    the pressure on a fluid is equal in all directions and in all parts of a container.
    ABSOLUTE AND GAUGE PRESSURE

    Gage pressure (Relative Pressure)

    Gage pressures are pressures above or below the atmosphere and can be
    measured by pressure gauges or manometers.

    Atmospheric Pressure
    It is the pressure at any point on the earth’s surface from the weight of the air
    above it.
    • 
    1 atmospheric pressure = 101.325 kPa
    = 14.7 psi
    = 1.032
    = 29.92 in.Hg
    = 760 mmHg
    = 1.013 bar
    = 760 torr
    = 1.013 x
    • 
    Absolute Pressure
    Absolute pressure is the pressure above absolute zero (vacuum)

    =+

    NOTE:
    Absolute zero is attained if all air is removed. It is the lowest possible
    pressure available.
    Absolute pressure can never be negative.
    The smallest gage pressure is equal to the negative of the ambient
    atmospheric pressure.
    • 
    Variations in Pressure

    The pressure at any point below the free surface of a liquid is equal the product
    of the unit weight of the liquid and the depth of the point in question.

    - =

    Therefore; the difference in pressure between two points in a homogenous


    fluid at rest is equal to the product of the unit weight of the fluid to the vertical
    distance between the points.
    • 

    Basic equations of fluid statics applied to liquids:

    = +

    where:
    =

    =
    • 
    Basic equations of fluid statics applied to gases:

    = -

    PRESSURE HEAD
    Pressure head is the height “h” of a column of homogeneous liquid of unit
    weight that will produce an intensity of pressure.

    h=
    MANOMETER

    A manometer is a tube, usually bent in a form of a U, containing a liquid of


    known specific gravity, the surface of which moves proportionally to changes
    of pressure. It is used to measure pressure.
    TYPES OF MANOMETER
    1. Open-type
    It has an atmospheric surface in one leg and is capable of measuring
    gage pressures.
    2. Differential Type
    without an atmospheric surface and capable of measuring only
    differences of pressure.
    3. Piezometer
    the simplest form of open manometer. It is a tube tapped into a wall
    of a container or conduit for the purpose of measuring pressure.

    You might also like