ESL Language

Center

ENGLISH III
UNIT 1

Author: M.Sc. Lic. Yaneth Ocando Pereira

 Unit 1 AND THE WINNER IS!

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

1. To describe places and people using short and long adjectives.

2. To make comparisons using short and long adjectives.
3. To compare one thing, place or person with another one, using
short and long adjectives.
4. To compare one thing, person or place with a group, using short
and long adjectives.
 Unit 1 And the winner is!
FUNCTIONS CONTENT VOCABULARY GRAMMAR
       Short adjectives vs.
 To describe places and people  Short and long adjectives.  Which city is bigger Canada or long adjectives.
using short and long adjectives. Brazil? Is a Toyota more expensive
 Comparatives. than a Spark?  Adjective + -er.
 To make comparisons using  Who is the tallest person in the
 Superlatives. world?  More + adjectives
short and long adjectives. Than
 To compare one thing, place or  Irregular comparisons.  Maracaibo is hotter than Caracas.
person with another one, using  The Sahara Dessert is the hottest  Superlatives
  place on earth.
short and long adjectives.
 Short Adjectives vs. Long  Large/larger/the largest.  The + adjective +
 To compare one thing, person Adjectives.  Interesting/more interesting/the -est.
or place with a group, using most interesting
 Expressing measures.  My sister is as pretty as your sister.  The most + adjective
short and long adjectives.
   My brother isn’t so/as tall as your  .
 
brother.  As + adjective + as.
 Good/better/the best.
 Bad/worse/ the worst.  Negative. So +
 Far/farther/the farthest. adjective + as.
 How big/fast/large/tall/high/ is it?
 Irregular
Comparisons.
 
I- VOCABULARY. Unit 1 And the winner is!

Read the following facts about some existing wonders today.

Some Wonders of the world.

The Old City in Jerusalem, according to Burj Khalifa or Burj Dubai is a skyscraper
the most recent documents, is 3.500 in Dubai. It is 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall. It is
years old. It is older than the city of taller than the Petronas Towers in
Athens in Greece. It is one of the oldest Malaysia. Today, it is the tallest building
cities existing now. in the world.
 
Angel Falls or Parakupá Vená in
pemon language is 979 m (3,212 ft)
high. It is located in Venezuela in a
region called Canaima. It is higher
than the Niagara Falls in Canada. So it
is the highest waterfall in the world
 
Complete the sentences according to the readings.

 
• Angel falls is _____________ than Niagara Falls. It is the
______________ waterfall in the world. It is 979 m _______.

• Jerusalem is ___________ than Athens. It is 3.500

_______________.

• Burj Khalifa is in __________. It is ____________ than the Petronas

Towers. It is 829.8 m _________. It is the ______________ building
in the world now.
2. Look at the picture. Read the sentences. Pay attention to the underlined words in bold .

• Dave and Jennifer are 14 years old. Margaret and

Jonathan are 13 years old. Dave and Jennifer are older
than Margaret and Jonathan. Margaret and Jonathan
younger than Dave and Jennifer. Dave and Jennifer are
older but Dave is the oldest of the group.

• Margaret weighs 85 pounds, Dave weighs 90 pounds,

Jennifer weighs 92, and Jonathan weighs 88 pounds.
Jonathan is heavier than Margaret, but Jennifer is the
heaviest of the four, and Margaret is the thinnest of the
group.

• Jonathan is short, but Margaret is shorter than him.

Margaret is the shortest of the four.

• Dave is tall but Jennifer is taller. Jennifer is the tallest of

the group.
 
Answer the questions about the picture above.
 

a. Who is taller: Jennifer or Dave?

_____________________________________________

b. Who is the tallest?

_____________________________________________

c. Who is older: Dave or Margaret?

_____________________________________________

d. Who is the youngest?

_____________________________________________

 
e. Who is heavier: David or Jennifer?
________________________________

f. Who is the heaviest?

___________________________________________

g. Who is older Margaret or Jonathan?

_______________________________

h. Who is the thinnest of the four?

__________________________________
 II- LISTENING.
Listen to the TV program. Write “T” for “True” or “F” for “False”. Correct the “False”
statements. (Audio Cd. Track 1).

1. The Amazon River is longer than the Nile. ________

2. The Nile is 4,160 miles (6,670 km) long. _________
3. The Cheetah is the fastest animal on earth. ______
4. The Kilimanjaro is taller than The Everest. _______
5. The Everest is in Asia. __________
6. The Blue Whale is the biggest animal in the world. ______
7. This year, the best actress is Jennifer Lawrence. _______
8. The Oscar for best movie belongs to “Breaking Dawn” Part 2.
__________
III- SPEAKING.

1. Pair work. Listen to the conversation. Then, Role play the conversation with two
partners. (Audio Cd. Track 2).

Sara: Ok, What is the next question?

Maggie: The next question is: What is the

biggest city in the world?

Tina: According to Wikipedia.org, the biggest

city in the world is Beijing in China.

Sara: How big is it? Is it bigger than New York?

Maggie: Yes, it is. It has 20.69 million people.

Tina: And which city is the smallest?

Sara: The smallest city in the world is Vatican

City in Rome.
Answer the questions about the reading.
 
a. Which is the biggest city in the world?
_____________________________________________________

b. How big is it?

_____________________________________________________

c. What city is smaller: New York or Beijing?

_____________________________________________________

d. What is the smallest city in the world?

_____________________________________________________
IV- GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

 Spelling Rules

Adjective Comparative Superlative

 Adjectives ending in “-y” change for “-i” +” –er”, or “–est”

happy happier the happiest

 Monosyllables; consonant + vowel +consonant = double final

consonant + “ –er”, or “–est”

big bigger the biggest

 Adjectives ending in –“e”; drop “-e” + “-er” , or “-est”

Large larger the largest

 ASKING ABOUT MEASUREMENTS

Measurements
How high is The Everest Mountain?
It is 8,848 meters high

How big is The Bermuda Triangle?

It is 1.5 million square miles.
LISTENING.

1. Listen to some fun facts about the World’s Guinness Records Book. Fill in the blanks with
the corresponding comparatives or superlatives. (Audio Cd. Track 3).

a. __________________ anamorphic painting measures 106.3 m.

b. __________________ toilet is the "Bog Standard"
c. __________________ book of fiction is “Harry Potter and the Deadly
Hallows”.
d. Maria Redaelli-Granoli from Italy is ___________ than Misao Okawa from
Japan, but the _________________ living person in the world is Jiroemon
Kimura from Japan, too.
e. Ajaz Ahmed from Pakistan is ____________ than Sultan Kösen from
Turkey, but, Leonid Stadnyk from Russia is __________________ living
man in the world today.
Complete the sentences. Use the adjectives in parenthesis.

 
a. Lake Superior in USA is (large) _______________ than Victoria Lake in
Uganda.
b. An Alpha Romeo is one of (expensive) ________________ cars in the
world.
c. Albert Einstein is (intelligent) _______________ than Steve Jobs.

d. This year, Kirsten Stewart is (bad) _______________ actress, according

to the “Razzies Awards”.
e. Jim is (good) __________________ student than Paul.
f. Camila is (pretty) _________________ than Rachel.

g. Maracaibo is (hot) __________________ city in Venezuela.

h. “Harry Potter’s Books are (exciting) __________________ books I’ve read.

i. A Chevrolette Cruze is (comfortable) ___________________ than A

Chevrolette Spark.

j. Merryl Streep is (good) ________________ than Julia Roberts.

Answer the following questions. Give complete answers.
 
a. Who is the oldest person in your family?
__________________________________________________.
b. Which food is spicier: Indian food or Mexican food?
___________________________________________________.
c. Who do you like better: Madonna or Lady Gaga?
__________________________________________________.
d. Who is the best student in class?
___________________________________________________.
e. Which one is cheaper: a Chevrolet Spark or a Toyota Corolla?
__________________________________________________.
f. What is the most expensive car that you know?
____________________________________________.
V- READING
Read the following article from Wikipedia.org. Pay attention to the
underlined words in bold. Look up the words in a dictionary.

Australia

Australia, is a country comprising the Australian continent, the island

of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world’s sixth-largest
country by total area. It is one of the wealthiest of the world; Australia is the
world's 12th-largest economy. Australia ranks highly in many international
comparisons of national performance, such as quality of life, health,
education, economic freedom, and the protection of civil liberties and
political rights. The world’s smallest continent and sixth largest country by
total area, people call it “the island continent”, and the world’s largest island.
Australia has 34,218 kilometers (21,262 mi) of coastline. It also has The Great
Barrier Reef, the world's largest coral reef in the world; it extends for over
2,000 kilometers (1,240 mi).
 Mount Augustus is the world's largest monolith, located in Western
Australia. At 2,228 meters (7,310 ft), Mount Kosciuszko on the Great Dividing
Range is the highest mountain on the Australian mainland. Even taller are
Mawson Peak (at 2,745 meters or 9,006 feet), on the remote Australian territory
of Heard Island, and, in the Australian Antarctic Territory, Mount McClintock
and Mount Menzies, at 3,492 meters (11,457 ft) and 3,355 meters (11,007 ft)
respectively.
 It is the flattest continent, with the oldest and least fertile soils; desert or
semi-arid land. The driest inhabited continent, only its south-east and south-
west corners have a temperate climate. The population density, 2.8 inhabitants
per square kilometer, is one the lowest in the world. Australia has the greatest
number of reptiles of any country, with 755 species. There are evergreen species,
particularly eucalyptus trees in the less arid regions, wattles and the most
dominant species, including the kangaroo, koala, and wombat, and birds such
as the emu and the kookaburra. Australia is home to many dangerous animals
including some of the most venomous snakes in the world.
 

The Great
A wattle. A wombat. A kookaburra.
Barrier Reef.
2- Match the words with their definitions

1- A kind of plant or a small bush that

_____ Wealthy. grows in dry regions.

_____ Soil. 2- An Australian mammal animal with

strong, short legs that it uses for digging.
_____ Wattle.

_____ Wombat. 3- Liberty to act in the way you think you

should.
_____ Freedom. 
 
4- Someone rich.
5- The material on the surface of the
ground in which plants grow.

 
 VI- WRITING

Look at the table and complete the text by typing an appropriate form of the word from
the orange box into the text book. Some of the words are not used.

  Rural Dwellers Urban Dwellers

 
Men/Women Men/Women

Average age on death 78/82 72/80

Death rates/1000 12/8 18/12

Death from heart 4/3 8/6

disease/1000
Death from other 8/5 10/6
causes/1000
shorter bad less low different clean similar longer much few
great more the most the least

 
“New research suggests that rural dwellers live _______________ than
people who live in urban areas due to the combined effects of
____________ air and walking. A study of two _________________
populations in terms of their age, marital status and income show that
people living in the country have significantly _____________ death
rates than those living in the city. They are _________ likely to die from
any cause, but also have _____________ deaths from heart disease.
The difference in life-span between city dwellers and country dwellers is
________ for men than for women.
 UNIT I Name: _____________________
REVIEW EXERCISES I.D: __________________________.
Do the following exercises,
and hand the pages to your teacher. Course: _______________________.
Teacher: ______________________.

I- Fill in the blanks. Complete with the correct comparative or superlative. Use the adjectives
from the parentheses.
1- The Sahara Dessert is the (hot) ____________ place on earth.
2- A Fiat Palio is (cheap) ____________ than a Mitsubishi Lancer.
3- Lake Superior is (big) ____________ than Coquivacoa Lake.
4- The Great Barrier Reef is the (large) __________ coral reef in the world.
5- Ana is (good) student ___________ than Cesar.
6- Angel Falls is the (high) _____________ waterfall in the world.
7- My mother is (heavy) _____________ than my father.
8- Margarita Island is (beautiful) ________ than Aruba.
9- Irene Saez is one of the (beautiful) __________________ women in the world.

10- Harry Potter is the (interesting) ___________________ book I’ve read .

 II- Read the passage and answer the questions.

The Smith family has three children, one girl and two boys. The boys’ names are
James and Jonathan. The girl’s name is Judy. James is twelve years old.
Jonathan is ten years old, and Judy is eight. So, Judy is the youngest of all.
Jonathan is taller than James. James is taller than Judy. So, Judy is the shortest
of all siblings. Jonathan is heavier than Judy. Judy is heavier than James. So,
Jonathan is the heaviest of all. They like playing together, and they like animals,
too. Jonathan’s favorite animal is the whale. The whale is the biggest mammal in
the world. James’s favorite animal is the giraffe. The giraffe is the tallest animal
in the world. Judy’s favorite animal is the elephant. The elephant is the biggest
land animal in the world. They love animals and they protect them.
1. Who is the oldest child in the family? __________________

2. Who is younger than Jonathan? _____________________

3. Who is the thinnest child? ______________________

4. Who is the heaviest? ______________________

5. Which is the biggest mammal in the world? ______________

6. Is the giraffe Judith’s favorite animal? _________________

7. Which is the biggest land animal in the world? ________________