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Energy Dissipation: Lecture #4

The document discusses different types of energy dissipaters used downstream of structures to reduce water velocity and dissipate hydraulic energy, including stilling basins, jet diffusion basins, and bucket dissipaters. It also covers factors in the design of dissipaters like foundation, flood magnitude, flow velocity, and orientation. The purpose of dissipaters is to convert hydraulic energy into heat with minimal increase in water temperature downstream.

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Mūssā Mūhābā ZēĒthiopiā
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43 views

Energy Dissipation: Lecture #4

The document discusses different types of energy dissipaters used downstream of structures to reduce water velocity and dissipate hydraulic energy, including stilling basins, jet diffusion basins, and bucket dissipaters. It also covers factors in the design of dissipaters like foundation, flood magnitude, flow velocity, and orientation. The purpose of dissipaters is to convert hydraulic energy into heat with minimal increase in water temperature downstream.

Uploaded by

Mūssā Mūhābā ZēĒthiopiā
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture #4

2. Energy dissipation
Types of energy dissipaters
•Energy dissipaters are d/s protection works used to dissipate
hydraulic energy (convert to heat).

•The main purpose is reducing the velocity of flow to low enough


to:
–Erosion,
–Abrasion and
–Generation of tail water waves.
Types of energy dissipaters

•Most common energy dissipaters can be classified as below:


-Hydraulic jump type stilling basin: This can be classified as
horizontal apron type or sloping apron type.
-Jet diffusion & free jet stilling basin: These are Jet diffusion
basin, Free jet stilling basin, Hump stilling basin…etc
-Bucket type energy dissipaters: These are solid roller bucket
type, slotted roller bucket type, sky jump bucket type
(trajectory or shooting or flip).
Cont’d…
Cont’d…
Design of energy dissipaters
• Factors affecting the design of energy dissipaters are:
– Nature of foundation
– Magnitude of flood & their occurrence
– Velocity of flow
– Orientation of flow
– Depth discharge and its relationship at the site of
structure
Cont’d…

• If a particle of water falls in to a basin and comes to


rest, i.e. its entire hydraulic energy is dissipated.
• Hydraulic/mechanical energy is converted in to heat
that effects only the particle and not it’s surrounding.
• The increase in water temperature can be calculated.
For a fall of 100m it amounts to only 0.240C. This is so
small that it had no practical significance.
Cont’d…

• Energy dissipation at bottom outlets


• The outlet may terminate below or above the d/s water
level, with or without an outlet regulating valve at its
end.
• The two main design trends are either to disperse
artificially and to aerate the outflow jets (outflow
above tail-water with or without control gate at its end)

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