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Overview: - On Completion of This Lesson, Students Should Be Able To

The document discusses light and lenses. It defines a lens as a transparent refracting medium bounded by one or two spherical surfaces. There are two types of lenses: convex and concave. A convex lens converges light rays and is used in devices like microscopes, cameras, and to correct hypermetropia. A concave lens diverges light rays and is used in glasses to correct myopia, flashlights, lasers, and peepholes. The document explains lens properties such as focal length and power, and how to draw ray diagrams for convex and concave lenses forming real and virtual images.

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92 views19 pages

Overview: - On Completion of This Lesson, Students Should Be Able To

The document discusses light and lenses. It defines a lens as a transparent refracting medium bounded by one or two spherical surfaces. There are two types of lenses: convex and concave. A convex lens converges light rays and is used in devices like microscopes, cameras, and to correct hypermetropia. A concave lens diverges light rays and is used in glasses to correct myopia, flashlights, lasers, and peepholes. The document explains lens properties such as focal length and power, and how to draw ray diagrams for convex and concave lenses forming real and virtual images.

Uploaded by

thunder32x
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LIGHT

• Overview
• On completion of this lesson, students should be able to:
• Explain the definition of lens .
• Types of lens and their differences .
• Draw the ray diagram of concave and convex lenses.
• Show the uses of lenses in our daily life.
• Ray diagram for the image formed by a convex and concave lens for a given
object .
LENS AND ITS TYPES
• Lens: lens is a portion of transparent refracting medium bounded by one or two spherical surfaces( that
is two surfaces may be curved or one is curved and another is plane ).  There are two types of
lens:
• Convex lens ( Converging lens )
• Concave lens ( Diverging lens)

• Convex lens: The lens which is thick at its centre and thin at its edges is known as convex lens .

•
CONVEX LENS :A CONVERGING LENS
• .A convex lens is called converging lens because it converge rays of light passing through it at a
point after refraction. The point is known as focal point or principal focus ( F)
CONCAVE LENS: A DIVERGING LENS
• The lens which is thin at its centre and thicker at its edges is known as concave lens .
This lens causes a beam of parallel rays to diverge after
refraction, hence , also known as diverging lens .It forms a
virtual image and has a negative focal length.
.
SOME TERMS RELATED TO LENS
• Centre of curvature:
RADIUS OF CURVATURE
• The radius of imaginary sphere of which the lens is areal part is known as radius of curvature .
.

Principal axis:It is the straight line passing through the two centre of curvature.
Optical centre:The geometrical centre of lens is called optical centre. 
 Principal focus:The principal focus is defined
as the point where a beam parallel to the
principal axis appears to diverge converges
from a point on the principal axis after passing
through the lens .It is denoted by F .

Focal length:
It is the distance between the optical
centre and principal focus.it is positive
for convex lens and negative for concave
lens. It is denoted by f .
.

• Real image and virtual image: Image that are formed on the screen( can be obtained on
the screen) are called real image. eg image formed by the convex lens.
Image that are not formed(can not be obtained ) on the screen are called virtual image. e.g
image formed by concave lens.
RULES FOR DRAWING RAY DIAGRAM :
.
RULES FOR CONCAVE LENS
IMAGES FORMED BY CONVEX LENS

• 1. When the object is at infinity :


• Parallel rays coming from the infinity meet at the focus
after refraction by convex lens.
The nature of image is :
real ,Inverted, highly diminished.
forms at F on another side
2.When the object is beyond 2F:
real inverted and diminished .
forms between F and 2F on another side
.

3. When the object is placed at


the image is real, inverted ,of the same size
Forms at 2F on another side

4.  When the object is placed between 2F and F


the image is real, inverted and magnified.
Forms beyond the 2F on another side
.

5. When the object is at F :


 The image is real inverted and magnified.

Formed at infinity on another side

6. When the object is between F and O:


The image is virtual, magnified and erect .
Forms on the same side to object
IMAGE BY A CONCAVE LENS
• When the object is kept between infinity and focus:
virtual ,erect and diminished image is formed .
Between the focus and optical centre on the same side of the object in the lens
POWER OF LENS

• The power of lens is defined as the ability of a lens to converge or diverge light
rays falling on it. It is measured as the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens .
• Power(P) = 1/f
The S.I unit of the power is diopter (D).
The power of convex lens is expressed in positive value and the power of concave
lens is expressed in negative .
.

• Uses of convex lens are in daily life are as follows :


• 1) Convex lens is used in microscopes and magnifying glasses to subject all the light
to a specific point.
• 2) Convex lens is used as a camera lens in cameras as they focus light for a clean picture.
• 3) Convex lens is used in the correction of hypermetropia.

• Uses of concave lens are in daily life are as follows:


• 1) Glasses to correct myopia
• 2) Flashlights
• 3) Lasers
• 4) Peepholes :Door viewers, or peepholes, are small security devices that provide a
panoramic view of objects and environments outside doors or walls.
USES OF LENS IN DAILY LIFE
• Microscope:
Microscope is the optical instrument which is used to view image of the small object in a
magnified form.There are two types of microscope
Simple microscope
Compound microscope

• Telescope:
Telescope is the optical instrument, which is used to view the distant object. There are two types
telescope:
Astronomical telescope
Terrestrial telescope

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