FE Mathematics Review: Dr. Scott Molitor Associate Professor Undergraduate Program Director Department of Bioengineering
FE Mathematics Review: Dr. Scott Molitor Associate Professor Undergraduate Program Director Department of Bioengineering
FE Mathematics Review: Dr. Scott Molitor Associate Professor Undergraduate Program Director Department of Bioengineering
Answer is (C)
Equations of lines
What is the general form of (A) 2 4 3 0 18 10 0
the equation for a line whose (B) 2 4 3 0 18 26 0
x-intercept is 4 and y- (C) 3 4 2 0 12 0
intercept is -6?
(D) 3 4 2 0 12 24 0
– (A) 2x – 3y – 18 = 0
– (B) 2x + 3y + 18 = 0
– (C) 3x – 2y – 12 = 0 (C) 3 0 2 (6) 12 0
– (D) 3x + 2y + 12 = 0
Work backwards
– Substitute (x1, y1) = (4, 0)
– Substitute (x2, y2) = (0, -6)
– See what works
Answer is (C)
Trigonometry
For some angle , csc =
-8/5. What is cos 2?
– (A) 7/32
– (B) 1/4
– (C) 3/8
– (D) 5/8
Trigonometry
For some angle , csc = 1
csc
-8/5. What is cos 2? sin
– (A) 7/32 cos 2 1 2 sin 2
– (B) 1/4 1
– (C) 3/8 cos 2 1 2
csc 2
– (D) 5/8
52 25
cos 2 1 2 2 1 2
Use trigonometric identities 8 64
on handbook page 5 25 7
cos 2 1
Answer is (A) 32 32
Confirm with calculator
– First find = csc-1(-8/5)
– Then find cos 2
Polar coordinates
What is rectangular form of
the polar equation r2 = 1 –
tan2 ?
– (A) –x2 + x4y2 + y2 = 0
– (B) x2 + x2y2 - y2 - y4 = 0
– (C) –x4 + y2 = 0
– (D) x4 – x2 + x2y2 + y2 = 0
Polar coordinates
What is rectangular form of r x 2 y2
the polar equation r2 = 1 –
y
tan2 ? tan 1 ( )
– (A) –x2 + x4y2 + y2 = 0
x
– (B) x2 + x2y2 - y2 - y4 = 0 r 2 1 tan 2
– (C) –x4 + y2 = 0 y
( x 2 y 2 ) 2 1 tan 2 (tan 1 ( ))
– (D) x4 – x2 + x2y2 + y2 = 0 x
Polar coordinate identities on y2
x y 1 2
2 2
handbook page 5 x
x 4 x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Answer is (D)
x 4 x 2 x 2 y2 y2 0
Matrix identities
For three matrices A, B and C,
which of the following
statements is not necessarily
true?
– (A) A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C
– (B) A(B + C) = AB + AC
– (C) (B + C)A = AB + AC
– (D) A + (B + C) = C + (A + B)
Matrix identities
For three matrices A, B and C, Should know (A) and (D) are
which of the following true from linear algebra
statements is not necessarily Answer (B) appears as
true? matrix identity in handbook
– (A) A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C
page 7
– (B) A(B + C) = AB + AC
– (C) (B + C)A = AB + AC
Therefore can eliminate (C)
as being true
– (D) A + (B + C) = C + (A + B)
Vector products on
handbook page 6
Answer is (A)
Vector calculations
For three vectors i j k
A = 6i + 8j + 10k B C 1 2 3
B = i + 2j + 3k 3 4 5
C = 3i + 4j + 5k, what is the B C i(2 5 3 4) j(1 5 3 3) k (1 4 2 3)
product A·(B x C)? B C 2i 4 j 2k
– (A) 0
A (B C) (6i 8 j 10k ) (2i 4 j 2k )
– (B) 64
A (B C) 6 (2) 8 4 10 (2) 0
– (C) 80
– (D) 216
Aside: why is the answer zero? A dot
Vector products on product is only zero when two vectors A
handbook page 6 and (B x C) are perpendicular. But this is
the case! A and C are parallel (A = 2C),
Answer is (A)
and (B x C) is perpendicular to C, hence
perpendicular to A!
Geometric progression
The 2nd and 6th terms of a
geometric progression are
3/10 and 243/160. What is
the first term of the
sequence?
– (A) 1/10
– (B) 1/5
– (C) 3/5
– (D) 3/2
Geometric progression
The 2nd and 6th terms of a l n ar n 1
geometric progression are 3 243
3/10 and 243/160. What is l2 , l6
10 160
the first term of the
l 6 ar 5 243 / 160 81
sequence? r4
– (A) 1/10 l 2 ar 3 / 10 16
– (B) 1/5 81 3
r4
– (C) 3/5 16 2
– (D) 3/2 3 3
l2 a
Geometric progression on 2 10
handbook page 7 1
l1 a
Answer is (B) 5
Geometric progression
The 2nd and 6th terms of a l n ar n 1
geometric progression are 3 243
3/10 and 243/160. What is l2 , l6
10 160
the first term of the
l 6 ar 5 243 / 160 81
sequence? r4
– (A) 1/10 l 2 ar 3 / 10 16
– (B) 1/5 81 3
r4
– (C) 3/5 16 2
– (D) 3/2 3 3
l2 a
Geometric progression on 2 10
handbook page 7 1
l1 a
Answer is (B) 5
Confirm answer by calculating l2 and l6
with a = 1/5 and r = 3/2.
Roots of nonlinear equations
Newton’s method is being
used to find the roots of the
equation f(x) = (x – 2)2 – 1.
Find the 3rd approximation if
the 1st approximation of the
root is 9.33
– (A) 1.0
– (B) 2.0
– (C) 3.0
– (D) 4.0
Roots of nonlinear equations
Newton’s method is being f (x n )
x n 1 x n
used to find the roots of the f ( x n )
equation f(x) = (x – 2)2 – 1. f ( x ) ( x 2) 2 1
Find the 3rd approximation if
the 1st approximation of the f ( x ) 2 ( x 2)
root is 9.33 x1 9.33
– (A) 1.0 (9.33 2) 2 1
– (B) 2.0
x 2 9.33
2 (9.33 2)
– (C) 3.0
52.73
– (D) 4.0 x 2 9.33 5.73
14.66
Newton’s method on (5.73 2) 2 1
handbook page 13 x 3 5.73
2 (5.73 2)
Answer is (D) 12.91
x 3 5.73 4.0
7.46
Limits
What is the limit of (1 – e3x) /
4x as x 0?
– (A) -∞
– (B) -3/4
– (C) 0
– (D) 1/4
Limits
What is the limit of (1 – e3x) / 1 e 3x 1 e 30 1 1 0
lim ?
4x as x 0? x 0 4x 40 0 0
– (A) -∞ f (x) 0 f ' (x)
if lim , try lim
– (B) -3/4 x 0 g ( x ) 0 x 0 g ' ( x )
– (C) 0
1 e3x 3e 3 x
– (D) 1/4 lim lim
x 0 4x x 0 4
L’Hopital’s rule on handbook 3e 3 x 3 1 3
page 8 lim
x 0 4 4 4
Answer is (B)
Limits
What is the limit of (1 – e3x) / 1 e 3x 1 e 30 1 1 0
lim ?
4x as x 0? x 0 4x 40 0 0
– (A) -∞ f (x) 0 f ' (x)
if lim , try lim
– (B) -3/4 x 0 g ( x ) 0 x 0 g ' ( x )
– (C) 0
1 e3x 3e 3 x
– (D) 1/4 lim lim
x 0 4x x 0 4
L’Hopital’s rule on handbook 3e 3 x 3 1 3
page 8 lim
x 0 4 4 4
Answer is (B)
You should apply L’Hopital’s rule
iteratively until you find limit of f(x) /
g(x) that does not equal 0 / 0.
You can also use your calculator to
confirm the answer, substitute a small
value of x = 0.01 or 0.001.
Application of derivatives
The radius of a snowball
rolling down a hill is
increasing at a rate of 20
cm / min. How fast is its
volume increasing when the
diameter is 1 m?
– (A) 0.034 m3 / min
– (B) 0.52 m3 / min
– (C) 0.63 m3 / min
– (D) 0.84 m3 / min
Application of derivatives
The radius of a snowball 4 3
V(r ) r
rolling down a hill is 3
increasing at a rate of 20 dV dV dr
cm / min. How fast is its
volume increasing when the dt dr dt
diameter is 1 m? dV dr
4r 2
– (A) 0.034 m3 / min dt dt
– (B) 0.52 m3 / min dV m
– (C) 0.63 m3 / min 4 0.5m 0.2
2
dt min
– (D) 0.84 m3 / min
dV m3
Derivatives on handbook 0.63
dt min
page 9; volume of sphere on
handbook page 10
Answer is (C)
Application of derivatives
The radius of a snowball 4 3
V(r ) r
rolling down a hill is 3
increasing at a rate of 20 dV dV dr
cm / min. How fast is its
volume increasing when the dt dr dt
diameter is 1 m? dV dr
4r 2
– (A) 0.034 m3 / min dt dt
– (B) 0.52 m3 / min dV m
– (C) 0.63 m3 / min 4 0.5m 0.2
2
dt min
– (D) 0.84 m3 / min
dV m3
Derivatives on handbook 0.63
dt min
page 9; volume of sphere on
handbook page 10
Convert cm to m, convert diameter to
Answer is (C)
radius, and confirm final units are correct.
Evaluating integrals
Evaluate the indefinite
integral of f(x) = cos2x sin x
– (A) -2/3 sin3x + C
– (B) -1/3 cos3x + C
– (C) 1/3 sin3x + C
– (D) 1/2 sin2x cos2x + C
Evaluating integrals
u cos 2 x
Evaluate the indefinite
du 2 cos x sin x dx
integral of f(x) = cos2x sin x
dv sin x dx
– (A) -2/3 sin3x + C v cos x
– (B) -1/3 cos3x + C
u dv u v v du
– (C) 1/3 sin3x + C
cos x sin x dx cos x 2 cos x sin x dx
2 3 2
Answer is (B)
Evaluating integrals
d 2
Evaluate the indefinite (A) ( sin 3 x C) 2 sin 2 x cos x
dx 3
integral of f(x) = cos2x sin x d 1
(B) ( cos3 x C) cos 2 x sin x
– (A) -2/3 sin3x + C dx 3
– (B) -1/3 cos3x + C d 1 3
( C) ( sin x C) sin 2 x cos x
dx 3
– (C) 1/3 sin3x + C d 1
( D) ( sin 2 x cos 2 x C) sin x cos3 x sin 3 x cos x
– (D) 1/2 sin2x cos2x + C dx 2
Alternative method is to
differentiate answers
Answer is (B)
Applications of integrals
What is the area of the curve
bounded by the curve f(x) =
sin x and the x-axis on the
interval [/2, 2]?
– (A) 1
– (B) 2
– (C) 3
– (D) 4
Applications of integrals
What is the area of the curve
bounded by the curve f(x) =
sin x and the x-axis on the 2
interval [/2, 2]?
/2
– (A) 1
– (B) 2
– (C) 3
– (D) 4 2
area sin x dx
Need absolute value /2
2
because sin x is negative area sin x dx sin x dx
over interval [, 2] /2
s 2
Answer is (A) 1
F(s) 2 2
s 1 s 2
Probability of an outcome
A marksman can hit a bull’s-
eye 3 out of 4 shots. What is
the probability he will hit a
bull’s-eye with at least 1 of
his next 3 shots?
– (A) 3/4
– (B) 15/16
– (C) 31/32
– (D) 63/64
Probability of an outcome
A marksman can hit a bull’s- Let H = hit, M = miss,
eye 3 out of 4 shots. What is Prob(H) = ¾, Prob(M) = ¼
the probability he will hit a Use combinations for next
bull’s-eye with at least 1 of three shots
his next 3 shots?
– (A) 3/4 Find Prob(HMM + MHM +
– (B) 15/16 MMH + HHM + ...)
– (C) 31/32 Easier method: Prob(at least
– (D) 63/64 one hit) = 1 – Prob(no hits)
Answer is (D) 1 – Prob(no hits) = 1 –
Prob(MMM)
Prob(MMM) = Prob(M)3 =
(1/4)3 = 1/64
Answer is 1 – 1/64 = 63/64
Normal distribution
Exam scores are distributed
normally with a mean of 73
and a standard deviation of
11. What is the probability of
finding a score between 65
and 80?
– (A) 0.4196
– (B) 0.4837
– (C) 0.5161
– (D) 0.6455
Normal distribution
Exam scores are distributed Let X = a random score, find
normally with a mean of 73 and Prob(65 < X < 80)
a standard deviation of 11. – X is normally distributed with
What is the probability of finding mean 72 and S.D. 11
a score between 65 and 80? (65 – 72) / 11 = -0.73 ≈ -0.7
– (A) 0.4196
– (B) 0.4837
(80 – 72) / 11 = 0.64 ≈ 0.6
– (C) 0.5161 Prob(65 < X < 80) ≈ Prob(-0.7 <
– (D) 0.6455 Z < 0.6)
Standard normal tables on Convert Prob(-0.7 < Z < 0.6)
handbook page 20 – Prob(Z < 0.6) – Prob(Z < -0.7)
– Prob(Z < 0.6) – Prob(Z > 0.7)
Answer is (B)
– F(0.6) – R(0.7) from table