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TONSILITIS

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils that is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. It occurs most frequently in children between ages 4-7 and is characterized by a sore throat and fever. The main types are acute, chronic, and recurrent tonsillitis. Diagnosis involves a physical exam and potentially a throat culture or rapid strep test. Treatment focuses on relieving pain and promoting airway clearance with rest, fluids, analgesics and antibiotics if bacterial. Nursing care includes positioning, pain management, monitoring for complications, and ensuring adequate nutrition and hydration.

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Manisha K Rajput
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605 views32 pages

TONSILITIS

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils that is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. It occurs most frequently in children between ages 4-7 and is characterized by a sore throat and fever. The main types are acute, chronic, and recurrent tonsillitis. Diagnosis involves a physical exam and potentially a throat culture or rapid strep test. Treatment focuses on relieving pain and promoting airway clearance with rest, fluids, analgesics and antibiotics if bacterial. Nursing care includes positioning, pain management, monitoring for complications, and ensuring adequate nutrition and hydration.

Uploaded by

Manisha K Rajput
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TONSILLITIS

SHIMLA NURSING COLLEGE

SUBJECT- CHILD HEALTH NURSING

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:


MS. MONIKA PAL MANISHA KUMARI
NURSING TUTOR M.Sc. (N) 2 ND YEAR
SHIMLA NURSING COLLEGE SHIMLA NURSING COLLEGE 
INDEX
S.NO. TOPIC
1 Introduction
2 Definition
3 Incidence
4 Causes
5 Types
6 Clinical features
7 Diagnostic evaluation
8 Medical management
9 Nursing management
10 Complication
11 Conclusion
12 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION

• Tonsillitis is the term commonly used to describe the


inflammation and infection of two palatine tonsils.
• The purpose of these lymphoid tissues is to filter and
protect the respiratory and digestive tracts from
invasion by pathogens, but often the tonsils become
site for infection.
DEFINITION 

• Tonsillitis is defined as an inflammation of the tonsils and


characterized by sore throat and fever
INCIDENCE

• The incidence of tonsillitis peaks between


age 4 and 7 years.

• Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus


infection occurs most frequently in the
winter and is spread more readily in
crowded living situation
ETIOLOGY 

• Tonsillitis is usually caused by a virus such as:

• Adenovirus

• Flu

• Epstein-Barr virus (mono)

• Bacteria also can cause it, most commonly group A streptococcus (strep


throat).
TYPES OF TONSILLITIS

Acute tonsillitis

Chronic tonsillitis

Recurrent tonsillitis
ACUTE TONSILLITIS

• Mostly affected in the age a group of 5-15


years, may also affect adult

• If symptoms last around 10 days or less, it’s


considered acute tonsillitis. If symptoms last
longer, or if tonsillitis comes back multiple
times during the year, it may be chronic or
recurrent tonsillitis.
CHRONIC TONSILLITIS
• Chronic tonsillitis symptoms continue longer than acute.

child may experience long-lasting:

• sore throat

• bad breath (halitosis)

• tender lymph nodes in the neck

• Chronic tonsillitis may also cause tonsil stones,

• where materials like dead cells, saliva, and food build up in the crevices
of your tonsils. Eventually, the debris can harden into small stones. 
RECURRENT TONSILLITIS

Recurrent tonsillitis is often defined as:

• a sore throat or tonsillitis at least 5 to 7 times in 1 year

• occurrences at least 5 times in each of the previous 2 years

• occurrences a least 3 times in each of the previous 3 years

• chronic and recurrent tonsillitis may be caused by biofilms in the


folds of the tonsils. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms with
increased antibiotic resistance that can cause repeated infections.
PATHOPHISOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION

• Sore throat which may be persistent and


recurrent

• Tonsils enlarged and bright and may be


covered with white exudate
CONTD…

•  Dysphagia (Difficulty in swallowing)

• Mouth breathing and unpleasant mouth odor


CONTD….

• Enlarged adenoids

• Hearing difficulty

• Otitis media

• Snoring

• Nasal quality of speech


DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

1. Detailed history collection

2. Physical examination:

• Note if the child’s voice sound muffled or hoarse.

• Inspect enlargement of tonsils


CONTD…

3. Throat swab culture

4. Blood test

• Rapid streptococcal antigen tests (rapid


strep test) can accurately screen for group
A Beta haemolytic streptococcal infection
MANAGEMENT

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
• During the acute phase of tonsilitis treatment is
symptomatic

• Acetaminophen or ibuprofen is used for pain.

• Gargling with warm saline solution for


comforting of children
CONTD…

• Tonsillitis is most commonly treated with


penicillin given two or three times daily for
10days.

• Erythromycin may be used in children who


are allergic to penicillin
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

Tonsillectomy:-

• Surgical removal of the tonsils.

• Tonsillectomy is considered in case of recurrent tonsillitis,


upper airway obstruction, peritonsillar abscess.
CONTD…
• Electrosurgical tonsillectomy:

• It is a newer technique that uses electro


magnetic radiation to generate heat within
tissue for cutting and coagulation

• This technique may reduce risk for bleeding


and produce less patient discomfort.
CONTD…..

•  Adenodectomy:

• Surgical removal of the adenoids


that obstruct nasal breathing
NURSING DIGNOSIS

• Ineffective airway clearness related to pus or mucous


formation secondary to inflammation
• Acute pain related to the presence of inflammation in tonsil
• Imbalanced nutrition less then body requirement related to
inadequate intake
• Hyperthermia related to acute infection by microorganism
• Disturbed sleep pattern related to the pain in tonsil area
NURSING MANAGEMENT

• Promoting Airway clearance

• Provide side lying or prone position to facilitate


safe drainage of secretions.

• Suctioning if necessary should be done to avoid


trauma to the surgical site
CONTD….

• Maintaining fluid volume

• Inspect throat for bleeding

• To avoid trauma to the surgical site


discourage the child from coughing, clearing
the throat, blowing the nose and using straws.

• Encourage children to take any fluids


CONTD…

Relieving pain

• Ice collar may be prescribed

• Administer analgesics.

• Promote oral fluid intake.


COMPLICATION

• Peritonsillar abscess

• Pharyngitis

• Blocked airway from swollen tonsils


PREVENTION
• Wash his or her hands thoroughly and frequently
after using the toilet and before eating.

• Avoid sharing food, drinking glass or utensils.

• Teach the child to do coughing exercise

• Teaching the child to wash his or her hands after


sneezing or coughing
CONCLUSION

Tonsillitis is a self limited disease in the majority of cases, because the


morbidity and mortality associated with tonsillitis are almost entirely
preventable through the judicious use of antibiotics, rapid accurate
diagnosis and treatment of these infections should be attempted .
SUMMERIZATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY

• https://www.healthline.com/health/tonsillitis viewed on 5/5/2021


• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tonsillitis/symptoms-c
auses/syc-20378479
viewed on 5/5/2021

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