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Heat Exchanger Thermal Analysis: Lecture-2-Part-1

The document discusses heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient in a composite wall system and heat exchanger. It defines overall heat transfer coefficient as the combined effect of all thermal resistances encountered from one fluid to another. It provides equations to calculate overall heat transfer coefficient based on inside and outside areas for a tubular heat exchanger. It also gives an example problem to calculate overall heat transfer coefficients and percentage errors when neglecting certain thermal resistances.

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Usama Ibrahim
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50 views13 pages

Heat Exchanger Thermal Analysis: Lecture-2-Part-1

The document discusses heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient in a composite wall system and heat exchanger. It defines overall heat transfer coefficient as the combined effect of all thermal resistances encountered from one fluid to another. It provides equations to calculate overall heat transfer coefficient based on inside and outside areas for a tubular heat exchanger. It also gives an example problem to calculate overall heat transfer coefficients and percentage errors when neglecting certain thermal resistances.

Uploaded by

Usama Ibrahim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Heat Exchanger Thermal Analysis

Lecture-2-Part-1
Heat Transfer Rate in a Composite Wall System

Composite wall system with different


thermal conductivities and convection
on both sides

Heat Transfer Rate for this system is given as


Heat Transfer Rate in a Composite Wall
System

• With composite wall as in previous slide, it is


convenient to work with overall heat transfer
coefficient which is related to total thermal
resistance as
UA=1/Rtot
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

• It is desirable and convenient to combine the


various thermal resistances that are encountered in
the heat transfer from one fluid to another in a heat
exchanger.
• Such a combination is achieved by using the heat
transfer equation as

Q  UA T 
• Where Q is the heat flow rate in Watt, A is the heat
flow area and T is the temperature difference
between the fluids.
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

• The quantity U which equals the combined effects


of all the resistances is called overall heat transfer
coefficient.

• The unit for overall heat transfer coefficient is the


same as the unit for convective heat transfer
coefficient (W/m2 K).
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

• The thermal resistances encountered in heat


transfer from one fluid to another are shown in Fig.
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

• The area on the inside will be equal to the area on the


outside in the case of flat surfaces.
• But if the flow is through tubes then:
The inside area will be different from the outside area.
So two values are possible for the area and consequently
two values are possible for the overall heat transfer
coefficient.
• These are:
Ui—overall heat transfer coefficient based on inside area
Uo—overall heat transfer coefficient based on outside
area.
• The relationship between
U A =U A these two is given by:
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

• It is easier to consider the resistance (K/W) rather


than conductance (W/K) in arriving at the
expression for overall heat transfer coefficient.
• The total resistances is given by

• Convection resistances are given by

• Conduction resistance is given by

• The deposits on inner or outer surfaces is called


fouling resistance Rf
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

• Therefore, the general relations for overall HTC and


these are basic to the calculations for HXs

• For Tubular HXs, the following relations hold for overall HTC
OVER ALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT

Fouling Factor Values for Some Cases


Problem
• In a condenser steam flows outside the tubes of radii 59
mm and 54 mm and sea water flows inside the tubes.
The thermal conductivity of the tube material is 60
W/mK. The steam and water temperatures are below
50°C. The convection coefficient on the steam side is
12000 W/m2 K and the value on the water side is 650
W/m2K.
• Calculate the values of overall coefficients based on the
(i) inside and (ii) outside areas.
• Also determine the percentage error involved in
neglecting (i) conduction resistance (ii) fouling on the
inside and outside and conduction and (iii) considering
only the water side resistance.
Problem

One of two
equation can be
used
Problem

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