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    Sodium Hydroxide

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    Mg H
    Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide or lye, is an alkali salt with the chemical formula NaOH. It can be prepared through electrolysis of brine using the Castner-Kellner process. In this process, brine is electrolyzed in a cell where sodium ions deposit at the mercury cathode to form sodium amalgam and chlorine ions evolve at the titanium anode. The sodium amalgam is treated with water to produce a sodium hydroxide solution. Caustic soda is a white solid used to manufacture soaps and washing soda, extract aluminium, and in other industrial processes due to its strong alkalinity.

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    Sodium Hydroxide

    Uploaded by

    Mg H
    95 views7 pages
    Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide or lye, is an alkali salt with the chemical formula NaOH. It can be prepared through electrolysis of brine using the Castner-Kellner process. In this process, brine is electrolyzed in a cell where sodium ions deposit at the mercury cathode to form sodium amalgam and chlorine ions evolve at the titanium anode. The sodium amalgam is treated with water to produce a sodium hydroxide solution. Caustic soda is a white solid used to manufacture soaps and washing soda, extract aluminium, and in other industrial processes due to its strong alkalinity.

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    Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide or lye, is an alkali salt with the chemical formula NaOH. It can be prepared through electrolysis of brine using the Castner-Kellner process. In this process, brine is electrolyzed in a cell where sodium ions deposit at the mercury cathode to form sodium amalgam and chlorine ions evolve at the titanium anode. The sodium amalgam is treated with water to produce a sodium hydroxide solution. Caustic soda is a white solid used to manufacture soaps and washing soda, extract aluminium, and in other industrial processes due to its strong alkalinity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    95 views7 pages

    Sodium Hydroxide

    Uploaded by

    Mg H
    Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide or lye, is an alkali salt with the chemical formula NaOH. It can be prepared through electrolysis of brine using the Castner-Kellner process. In this process, brine is electrolyzed in a cell where sodium ions deposit at the mercury cathode to form sodium amalgam and chlorine ions evolve at the titanium anode. The sodium amalgam is treated with water to produce a sodium hydroxide solution. Caustic soda is a white solid used to manufacture soaps and washing soda, extract aluminium, and in other industrial processes due to its strong alkalinity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Caustic Soda - NaOH

    What is Caustic Soda?


    Caustic soda is an alkali salt which is also called Lye.
    It is the common name of sodium hydroxide. This
    name is given due to the corrosive nature of this salt on
    animal and plant tissues. It has a wide range of
    applications. The chemical formula of sodium
    hydroxide is NaOH.
    Preparation of  Caustic Soda
    Sodium hydroxide can be prepared by
    various methods like:
    1.Castner-Kellner process
    2.Nelson Diaphragm cell
    3.Loewig’s process
    Castner-Kellner process
    Principle: In the Castner-Kellner method, electrolysis of brine solution is performed in
    order to obtain sodium hydroxide.
    Castner-Kellner cell: It is a steel tank that is rectangular. Ebonite is lined inside the
    tank. Titanium acts as an anode and a layer of mercury at the bottom of the tank acts as
    the cathode.
    Ionization of brine solution occurs according to the following reaction:
    2NaCl→2Na++2Cl−
    When the brine solution comes in contact with electric current, ionization takes place. As
    a result positive and the negative ions move towards the electrodes. Sodium ions get
    deposited at the mercury cathode forming a sodium amalgam. Chlorine ions move
    towards the anode and exit the cell from the top.
    Reaction at the anode:
    2Cl−→Cl2+2e−
    Reaction at the cathode:
    2Na++2e−→2Na
    Formation of NaOH
    The amalgam formed is then transferred to another chamber
    called denuder. In the denuder, it is treated with water to obtain
    a sodium hydroxide solution. On evaporation of the solution,
    solid sodium hydroxide is formed. This is a very efficient
    process in order to obtain pure caustic soda.
    Properties of Caustic Soda
    •It is a white solid which has a melting point of 591K
    •It is a stable compound.
    •NaOH is bitter and has a soapy feel to it.
    •It is highly soluble in water and moderately soluble in alcohol.
    •Sodium hydroxide is strongly alkaline in nature.
    Caustic Soda Uses
    •It is used as a cleansing agent and in the manufacturing of washing soda.
    •Sometimes, sodium hydroxide is also used as a reagent in the laboratories.
    •It is used in the preparation of soda lime.
    •It is used in the extraction of aluminium by purifying bauxite.

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