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Operation Scheduling: Prepared by Arunesh Pathak

The document discusses operation scheduling in manufacturing. It describes scheduling as arranging workloads to minimize production time and costs. The goals of operation scheduling are listed as maximizing resource utilization, reducing manufacturing time, minimizing inventory and optimizing labor efficiency. Short term scheduling provides an opportunity to adjust plans based on new information in real time. Common scheduling techniques include forward scheduling, backward scheduling, and objectives like meeting due dates and minimizing setup times. The document also covers scheduling considerations like job priorities, shop configurations, and performance measures.

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Arunesh Pathak
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28 views19 pages

Operation Scheduling: Prepared by Arunesh Pathak

The document discusses operation scheduling in manufacturing. It describes scheduling as arranging workloads to minimize production time and costs. The goals of operation scheduling are listed as maximizing resource utilization, reducing manufacturing time, minimizing inventory and optimizing labor efficiency. Short term scheduling provides an opportunity to adjust plans based on new information in real time. Common scheduling techniques include forward scheduling, backward scheduling, and objectives like meeting due dates and minimizing setup times. The document also covers scheduling considerations like job priorities, shop configurations, and performance measures.

Uploaded by

Arunesh Pathak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPERATION SCHEDULING

PREPARED BY ARUNESH PATHAK


SUBMITED TO PROF PARTH SHETH
INTRODUCTION

• SCHEDULING IS THE PROCESS OF ARRANGING, CONTROLLING AND OPTIMIZING


WORK AND WORKLOADS IN A PRODUCTION PROCESS OR MANUFACTURING
PROCESS. … IN MANUFACTURING, THE PURPOSE OF SCHEDULING IS TO MINIMIZE
THE PRODUCTION TIME AND COSTS, BY TELLING A PRODUCTION FACILITY WHEN
TO MAKE, WITH WHICH STAFF, AND ON WHICH EQUIPMENT.
OPERATION SCHEDULING GOALS

MAXIMIZE RESOURCES UTILIZATION


• MANUFACTURING TIME REDUCTION
• INVENTORY MINIMIZATION
• OPTIMIZING EFFICIENCY OF LABOUR
• SERVICE LEVEL IMPROVEMENT
A PLANNING TOOLS FOR SHORT TERM
SCHEDULING

PROVIDES AN OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE USE OF NEW INFORMATION AS WE


APPROACH REAL TIME

A METHODOLOGY TO FINE TUNE PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING DUE TO


OCCURRENCE OF RANDOM EVENT
• ENABLES ORGANIZATION TO FOCUS ON MICRO RESOURCES A SINGLE MACHINE,
A SET OF WORKER AND SO ON. SUCH A FOCUS IS NEITHER POSSIBLE NOR
WARRANTED AT THE MEDIUM OR LONG TERM PLANNING
WORK CENTER
AN AREA IN A BUSINESS IN WHICH
PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES ARE ORGANISED
AND WORK IS COMPLETED
WORK CENTER SCHEDULING OBJECTIVES

MEET DUES DATE

MINIMIZE LEAD TIME

MINIMIZE SETUP TIME OR COST


• MINIMIZE WORK IN PROCESS INVENTORY
CAPACITY AND SCHEDULING

• INFINITE LOADING • FORWARD SCHEDULING


• FINITE LOADING • BACKWARD SCHEDULING
SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES

FORWARD SCHEDULING BACKWARD SCHEDULING


• START WHEN THE ORDER IS RECEIVED USES MRP LOGIC
• MAY FINISH EARLY SCHEDULE LAST OPERATION TO BE
• USED TO DETERMINE THE EARLIEST COMPLETE ON THE DUE DATE
COMPLETION DATE • SCHEDULE PREVIOUS OPERATION
• BUILDS INVENTORY BACK FROM THE LAST OPERATION
• REDUCES INVENTORY
• FORWARD SCHEDULING
• BACKWARD SCHEDULING

B E
B E

Today
Due date Due
Today date
ABSENCE OF PROPER SCHEDULING

Delays in meeting the due dates


of customer order No accurate information available for the
current status of job
CONTINUE…..

High work-in-process Higher cost of


inventory production/operation
CONTINUE…..

Low utilization of workers


High average completion
and machine ( high idle
time in job
time)
SCHEDULING CONTEXT
NUMBER OF JOBS

• NUMBER OF MACHINE

• SHOP CONFIGURATION

• FLOW SHOP

• JOB SHOP

CELLULAR MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

• JOB PRIORITIES

• FCFS,SPT,LPT,EDD,CR,RANDOM

• PERFORMANCE MEASURES

• DUE DATES BASED, LATENESS, TARDINESS

• COMPLETION BASED, FLOW TIME , MAKE SPAN

• INVENTORY/ COST BASED


PURE FLOW SHOP
• A PURE FLOW SHOP IS ONE IN WHICH ALL THE JOBS VISIT ALL THE MACHINE IN THE
SAME ORDER ( BEGINNING AT MACHINE 1 AND ENDING AT MACHINE N )

• JOBS Machine 1 Machine 2 Machine


Machine 3
N
JOB SHOP
• IN A JOB SHOP SOME JOBS ARE ALLOWED TO SKIP MACHINE IN BETWEEN .. IN A
JOB SHOP MACHINE ARE NOT ORGANIZED IN ANY PROCESSING ORDER RATHER
SIMILAR TYPE OF RESOURCES IS GROUPED TOGETHER.
SCHEDULING RULES
SHORTEST PROCESSING TIME ( SPT )
CHOOSES THE JOB WITH THE LEAST PROCESSING TIME AMONG THE COMPETING
LIST AND SCHEDULES IT AHEAD OF THE OTHERS
•

LONGEST PROCESSING TIME ( LPT )


• THE JOB WITH THE LONGEST TIME IS SCHEDULED AHEAD OF OTHER COMPETING
JOBS.
CONTD….

EARLIEST DUE DATE (EDD )


• ESTABLISHES PRIORITIES ON THE BASIS OF THE DUE DATE FOR THE JOBS .

FIRST CUM FIRST SERVED ( FCFS )


• SCHEDULES JOBS SIMPLY IN THEIR ORDER OF JOB ARRIVAL .

RANDOM ORDER ( RAN )


• ASSIGN PRIORITIES TO JOBS ON A RANDOM BASIC .
CRITICAL RATIO ( CR )
• CRITICAL RATIO ESTIMATES THE CRITICALITY OF THE JOB BY COMPUTING A
SIMPLE RATIO USING PROCESSING TIME INFORMATION AND DUE DATE . A
SMALLER VALUE OF CR INDICATES THAT THE JOB IS MORE CRITICAL.

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