IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE MOST BENEFICENT,

THE MOST MERCIFUL

TWO WAY SLAB WITH BEAMS
DESIGN EXAMPLE 1
 B1 B2

B5 Slab 3 B7
B7

B3 B4
B6 Slab 4
B8
B8

B3 B4
Slab thickness
Clear Lengths:
Ln (short) = 20 – (20/12) = 18.33’
Ln (long) = 24 – (20/12) = 22.33’
Where, 20’’ is the column dimension..
1. Assume trial slab thickness = Perimeter /180
=(18.33+22.22)x2x1.1x12/180
= 5.96” say 7”.
Providing a margin, as actual slab thickness is
generally a little higher than trial thickness.
Thickness of 6.5” would also be sufficient.
2. Effective beam size and their moment of inertia.
a. Edge beam, B-1, B-2, B-5 and B-6.
Effective beam size, according to ACI Code
8.4.1.8 is shown below.
Ib = K x (bw h3/12)
Ib = K x [ 12 (22)3/12]

We will find the value of K from the graph

h / hf = 22/7 = 3.14
bw / hf = 12/7 = 1.71
K = 1.43 (From Graph)

Ib = 1.43 x[ 12 x (22)3/12] = 15227 in4

 hf bw/ hf
h

bw

bw/ hf
k

1.71

bw/ hf

h/ hf
b. Interior Beam B-3, B-4, B-7 and B-8
According to the code, effective beam size is shown
below.
h / hf = 22/7 = 3.14
bw / hf = 16/7 = 2.29
K = 1.59 (From Graph)
Ib = 1.59 x [16 x (22)3/12] = 22574 in4
 bw/ hf
hf h

bw

bw/ hf

k
2.29

bw/ hf

h/ hf
3. Flexural stiffness of beam and slab,α
a. Beam B-1 and B-2 (Edge)
Ib = 15227 in4
Is = [(10 x 12) + 10] (7)3 / 12 = 3716 in4

α = Ecb Ib / Ecs Is = Ib/Is = 15227 / 3716 = 4.10

b. Beam B-3 and B-4 (Interior - Long)
Ib = 22574 in4
Is = 20 x 12 x (7)3 /12 = 6860 in4

α = Ib/Is = 22574 / 6860 = 3.29

c. Beam B-5 and B-6 (Edge)
Ib = 15227 in4
Is = [(12 x12) + 10] (7)3 /12 = 4402 in4
α = Ib/Is = 15227 / 4402 = 3.46
d. Beam B-7 and B-8 (Interior - Short)
Ib = 22574 in4
Is = 24 x 12 x (7)3 / 12 = 8232 in4

α = Ib/Is = 22574 / 8232 = 2.74

4. αm 4.10 4.10

3.46 1 2.74 2.74 3

2.74

3.29 3.29
a. Panel 1 αm= 3.40 b. Panel 3 αm= 3.22
3.29 3.29

3.46 2 2.84 4
2.74 2.74

3.29 3.29

c. Panel 2 αm= 3.22 d. Panel 4 αm= 3.02

5. Slab thickness. According to ACI Code 8.3.1.2 (d)

h = ℓn (0.8 + fy/200) / [36 +9β]

β = 22.33 / 18.33 = 1.218

h = (22.33 x 12) (0.8 + 60/200) / [36 + 9 x 1.218]

= 6.28” say 7”

Therefore slab thickness selected = 8”

CHECK FOR GEOMETRY AND LOADING
According to ACI Code 8.10.2, the limitations of DDM
are:

1. Minimum 3 spans ok
2. ℓb/ ℓa = 24/20 = 1.2 < 2.0 ok
3. spans are not different. ok
4. loads are only due to gravity. ok
wd = 22 + (7 x 150 /12) = 109.5 psf
wl = 100 psf
wl < 2 wd ok
5. No column off set ok
6. α1 ℓ22 / α2 ℓ21 should not be less than 0.2 nor
greater than 5.0
a. Interior Panel (Slab 4)
= 3.29(20)2 / 2.74(24)2 = 0.83
= 2.74(24)2 / 3.29(20)2 = 1.20 ok

3.29

4
2.74 2.74

3.29
b. Edge Panel (Slab 2)
= 3.29(20)2 / 2.84(24)2 = 0.80
= 2.84(24)2 / 3.29(20)2 = 1.24
= 3.29(20)2 / 3.46(24)2 = 0.66
= 3.46(24)2 / 3.29(20)2 = 1.51 ok

3.29

2
3.46 2.84

3.29
 6 .Design of Interior Panel
Design the Interior Panel “4” of the above floor system
Solution
1. Slab thickness = 8”
2. Total Factored Static Moment in Long Direction
a. Mo = wul2 ℓn2/8 (ACI 8.10.3.2)
Wu = 1.2(109.5)+1.6x100 = 292 psf
Mo = 0.292 x 20 x (22.33)2 / 8 = 364 kft
b. D.F. (ACI 8.10.4)

0.65 0.65
0.35
 Design of Interior Panel

-ve Movement = 0.65Mo = -236.6 k'

+ve Movement = 0.35Mo = 127.4 k'

c. % Moment in C.S. (ACI 8.10.5.1 & 8.10.5.5)

ℓ2/ ℓ1 = 20/24 = 0.83 α.= 2.74

α = 3.29

α1. ℓ2/ ℓ1 = 3.27x0.83 = 2.71>1.0

% of-ve & +ve moment in C.S. = 80%

ℓ2/ ℓ1 0.5 0.83 1.0

 Design of Interior Panel

d. Distr of Moment

% moment in beam= 85 %

Loc Total C.S. Moment (kft) M.S

Moment Beam Slab moment (kft)

Long Dir 236.6 236.6x0.80 = 189.3 47.3

-ve moment 160.9 28.4

Long Dir 127.4 127.4x0.80 = 101.9 25.5

+ve moment 86.6 15.3

 Design of Interior Panel
3. Total Factored static Moment in Short Direction
a. Mo = wul2 ℓn2/8
Mo = 0.292x24x(18.33)2 / 8 = 294.3 kft
b. D.F. (ACI 8.10.4)
0.65 0.65
-ve moment = 0.65 Mo 0.35

-ve moment = -191.3 k’

+ve moment = 0.35 Mo= 103 k’
c. %Moment in C.S. (ACI 8.10.5.1 & 8.10.5.5)
ℓ2/ ℓ1 = 24/20 = 1.2
α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1 =2.72x1.2 = 3.26>1.0
 Design of Interior Panel
% of -ve and + ve moment in C.S
ℓ2/ ℓ1 1.0 1.20 2.0
α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1 >1.0 75 69 45
d. Distr of Moment
% age moment in beam= 85 %
Loc Total C.S. Moment (kft) M.S,
Moment Beam Slab Moment (kft)

Short Dir 191.3 191.3x0.69 = 132 59.3

-ve moment 112.2 19.8
Short Dir 103.0 103x0.69 = 71.1 31.9
 Design of Slab Reinforcement
Strip Type Mu b d in R ρ As No As
of kft in psi In2 of (min)
Mu bars
Long Dir -ve 28.4 120 6 88 0.0015 1.51 10#4 1.51
2x1/2 C.S +ve 15.3 120 6 47 0.00079 1.51 10#4
Long Dir -ve 47.3 120 6 146 0.0025 1.80 10#4 1.51
2x1/2 M.S +ve 25.5 120 6 79 0.00135 1.51 10#4
Short Dir -ve 19.8 120 5.5 73 0.00124 1.51 10#4 1.51
2x1/2 C.S +ve 10.7 120 5.5 39 0.00066 1.51 10#4
Short Dir -ve 59.3 168 5.5 156 0.00268 2.48 13#4 2.12
2x1/2 M.S +ve 31.9 168 5.5 84 0.00143 2.12 13#4

Effective depth in Short dir = 7 - 0.75 - 0.5/2 = 6”

Effective depth in Long dir = 6 - 0.5 = 5.5”
 Design of Slab Reinforcement
For negative bending moment in Long Dir 2x1/2 C.S:

Mu = 28.4 k’ ; b = 120” ; d = 6”

R = Mu / (ϕbd2) = 28.4 x 12 / (0.9 x 120 x 62)

R = 87.65 = 88 psi

ρ = 0.0015 (Using Table A.5a – Given at the end of

the slides)

As = ρbd = 0.0015 x 120 x 6 = 1.08 in2

But, As (min) = 0.0018bh = 0.0018 x 120 x 7 = 1.51 in 2

 Design of Slab Reinforcement
Using As = 1.51 in2

Use 8 # 4 bars

Max permissible spacing = 2h = 14” c/c

Actual Spacing = b / (number of bars – 1) = 120 / 7

= 17” c/c

Revising Reinforcement,

Use 10 # 4 bars.

Actual Spacing = 120 / 9 = 13” c/c OK

 Design of Slab Reinforcement

OR

Use 14 # 3 bars,

Actual Spacing = 120 / 13 = 9” c/c OK

7. Bar Cut off Points.

L/3 for Continuous Top Steel

L/4 for Discontinuous Top Steel

L/8 for Continuous Bottom Steel

8. Sketch

C.S 10 # 4 T 10 # 4 B 10 # 4 T
10‘-0"
10 # 4 T 13 # 4 T 10 # 4 T

M.S 10 # 4 T 10 # 4 B 10 # 4 T
10‘-0" 10 # 4 B 13 # 4 B 10 # 4 B

C.S 10 # 4 T 10 # 4 B 10 # 4 T
10‘-0" 10 # 4 T 13 # 4T 10 # 4 T

10‘-0" 14‘-0" 10‘-0"

C.S M.S C.S
9. Check for Shear
Beams with α1.ℓ2/ ℓ1 >1.0 are assumed to carry the loads
acting on the tributary floor area as shown in fig (ACI
13.6.8.1) 24ft
450
Vu = wu (L/2 – Half Beam
Width - d) 20’

Vu = 292 (20/2 – 8/12-6/12)

Vu = 2580 lb

ɸVc = ϕ2λ f’c bd

ɸVc = 0.75 x 2 x 1 x 3000 x 12 x 6 = 5915 lb > Vu safe

 Design of Edge Panel (Slab 2)
(Q) Design the edge panel (2) and show rft details.
SOLUTION
1. Slab Thickness = 7”
2. Total Factored Static Moment in Long Dir and its Distr
a. Mo = Wu l2 ℓn2 /8 = 0.292 x 20 (22.33)2 / 8 = 364 kft
b. D.F. ACI 8.10.4.2 for slabs with beams b/w all sp.
Ext –ve moment = 0.16 Mo = 58.2 kft
+ve moment = 0.57 Mo = 207.5 kft
Int-ve moment = 0.70 Mo = 254.8 kft0.16 0.70
0.57
c. %Moment in C.S.
(1) ℓ2/ ℓ1 = 0.833
(2) α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1 = 3.29 x 0.833 = 2.74 > 1.0
 Design of Edge Panel
27"
(3) βt = EcbC / 2EcsIs = C/2Is (Ecb= Ecs) 2 7

C = ∑(1-0.63*x/y) x3y/3 15 1

C1=[(1-0.63*12/15)x123x15/3]+ 12"

[(1-0.63*7/27)x73x27/3] = 6868.3 in4 15"

2 7
C2=[(1-0.63 *12/22)x123x22/3]+ 22"
1

(1-0.63*7/15)x73x15/3 = 9528.2 in4

12"
:. C= 9528.2 in4
Is (longer) = 6860 in4 (Already Calculated)
βt = 9528.2 / (6860 x 2) = 0.69
(4) For ext-ve moment
ℓ2/ ℓ1 0.5 0.83 1.0
α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1>1.0 βt=0 100 100 100
βt=0.69 95
βt=2.5 90 78 75
%moment in C.S = 95%
(5) For +ve and int –ve moment
%moment in C.S = 80%
ℓ2/ℓ1 0.5 0.83 1.0
α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1>1.0 90 80 75
 Location Total C.S. Moment (kft) M.S
Moment Beam Slab moment (kft)

Ext-ve moment 58.2 0.95 x 58.2 = 55.3 2.9

E-W Dir 47 8.3
+ve moment 207.5 207.5 x 0.80 = 166 41.5
E-W Dir 141.1 24.9
Int-ve moment 254.8 254.8 x 0.80 = 203.8 51
E-W Dir 173.2 30.6
4. Total Factored Static Moment in Short Dir and its Distr
a. Inner Column Line i.e. Grid (2) 0.65 0.65
Same as para 3 of panel 4 0.35

b. Outer Column Line (Half Strip)

(1) Mo=0.292(12+10/12) (18.33)2/8 = 157.3 kft
(2) D.F.
+ve moment = 0.35 Mo = 102.2 kft
-ve moment = 0.65 Mo = 55.1 kft
 (3) % Moment in C.S. ℓ2/ ℓ1= 24/20 = 1.2
α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1>1 = 3.46 x 1.2 = 4.15
ℓ2/ℓ1 1.0 1.2 2.0
α1 ℓ2/ ℓ1>1.0 75 69 45
(4) Distr of Moment
Location Total C.S. Moment (kft) M.S
Moment Beam Slab moment (kft)

N-S Dir 102.2 102.2 x 0.69 = 70.5 31.7

-ve moment 60 10.5

N-S Dir 55.1 55.1 x 0.69 = 38 17.1

 Strip Type Mu kft b in d in R ρ As No As
of In2 of (min)
moment
bars
Long Ext-ve 8.3 120 6 25.6 low 1.51 10#4 1.51
2x1/2 C.S +ve 24.9 120 6 76.9 0.00127 1.51 10#4
Int-ve 30.6 120 6 94.4 0.00161 1.51 10#4
Long Ext-ve 2.9 120 6 9 Low 1.51 10#4 1.51
2x1/2 M.S +ve 41.5 120 6 128 0.00222 1.59 10#4
Int-ve 51 120 6 157.4 0.00269 1.94 10#4
Short -ve 10.5 70 5.5 66.7 0.00113 0.88 6#4 0.88
1/2 C.S +ve 5.7 70 35.9 0.00058 0.88 6#4
Short -ve 31.6 84 5.5 165.8 0.00265 1.22 7#4 1.06
1/2 M.S +ve 17.1 84 89.7 0.00152 1.06 7#4
Short -ve 19.8 10#4
2x1/2 C.S +ve 10.7 10#4
Short -ve 59.3 13#4
2x1/2 M.S +ve 31.9 13#4
 Middle Strip (Edge Panel) – Short Direction
Short – 1/2 M.S (Edge Panel – Half Strip) = 7 # 4 bars

Short – 2 x1/2 M.S (Interior Panel) = 13 # 4 bars

Short – 1/2 M.S (Edge Panel – Full Strip)

= 7 # 4 + (13 # 4)/2 = 14 # 4 Bars

 10 # 4T 10 # 4 B 10 # 4T
C.S
10’-0”
6#4T 14 # 4 T 10 # 4T

10 # 4 T
M.S 10 # 4 B 10 # 4 T
10’-0”
14 # 4 B 10 # 4 B
6#4B

10 # 4 T 10 # 4 B 10 # 4 T
C.S
10’-0”
6#4T 14 # 4 T 10#4T

C.S M.S C.S

10’-0” 14’-0” 10’-0”
ANY QUESTION ?
Thanks