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SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) : Designed By: Manish Modi Registration: 0905209044 Branch: MCA

SIP is an application layer protocol for setting up, modifying and terminating multimedia sessions over the internet. It works independently of the underlying transport protocol. The key SIP components include user agents, registrar, location and proxy servers. SIP uses REGISTER, INVITE, ACK, BYE methods to manage sessions between users. It provides flexibility, mobility and interoperability but can face challenges from firewalls and NATs.

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Manish Modi
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60 views20 pages

SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) : Designed By: Manish Modi Registration: 0905209044 Branch: MCA

SIP is an application layer protocol for setting up, modifying and terminating multimedia sessions over the internet. It works independently of the underlying transport protocol. The key SIP components include user agents, registrar, location and proxy servers. SIP uses REGISTER, INVITE, ACK, BYE methods to manage sessions between users. It provides flexibility, mobility and interoperability but can face challenges from firewalls and NATs.

Uploaded by

Manish Modi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIP

(Session Initiation Protocol)


Designed By: Manish Modi
Registration : 0905209044
Branch : MCA
contents
 SIP At A Glance
 SIP Basic Components
 SIP Architecture
 SIP Working Model
 SIP Interoperability
 SIP Security And Survivability
 TEN Reasons to Use SIP enabled solutions.
SIP at a Glance
 An Application-Layer Open Signaling Protocol for
Creating, Modifying and Terminating sessions with one
or more participants.
 Works Independently Of Underlying Transport Layer
Protocol.
 SIP is used to identify, locate, and enjoin parties who
want to communicate using any peer-to-peer media type.
 Members in a session can communicate via multicast or
via a mesh of unicast relations, or a combination of these.
 Text based Protocol modeled after HTTP.
SIP 5 FACETS FOR SESSION
 User Location: Determination of the End System to be
used for Communication.
 User Availability: Determination of the Willingness of
the Called Party to Engage in Communication.
 User Capabilities: Determination of the Media and
Media Parameters to be Used.
 Session Setup: “Ringing", Establishment of session
parameters at Both Called and Calling Party.
 Session Management: Includes Transfer and
Termination of Sessions, Modifying Session Parameters.
SIP entities
 USER AGENTS
 SIP SERVERS :

◦ REGISTRAR SERVER
◦ LOCATION SERVER
◦ REDIRECT SERVER
◦ PROXY SERVER
◦ PRESENCE SERVER
User agents
 User Agent (UA) is the end-point entity.
 Initiate and Terminate Sessions by exchanging

Request and Response.


 User Agent as an application, which contains:

◦ User Agent Client(UAC): A Client Application which


initiate SIP requests.
◦ User Agent Server(UAS): A server application that
contacts the user when a SIP request is received and
that returns a response on behalf of the user.
SIP Server
 Proxy Server: Intermediary Routing Entity.
 Registrar Server: Authenticates and Registers Users,
Locations, Devices.
 Location Server: Database Containing the Location of
all User Agents within a Domain.
 Redirect Server: Allow SIP Proxy Servers to Redirect
SIP request to External Domains.
 Presence Server: Accept, Store, and Distribute
Presence Information.
SIP ARCHITECTURE
SIP Methods
 REGISTER: Used by client to login and register its
address with a SIP Registrar Server.
 INVITE: Ask Server To Initiates a Session.
 ACK: Used to acknowledge the reception of a final
response to an INVITE.
 CANCEL: Terminates a Pending Request.
 BYE: Used To Terminate a Specific Session. This method
can be sent by either user.
 OPTIONS: Queries the capabilities of the Server Or
check Media Capabilities before issuing an INVITE.
SIP SESSION
SIP REGISTRATION
SIP Session
Session Establishment And Termination
SIP Session
Session Proxying
SIP Session
Session Redirection
SIP Message
 Request Message:
INVITE sip:[email protected] SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc1.domain.com
Max-Forward: 70 
To: “user” <sip:userB@ domain.com >
From: “userA” <sip:[email protected] >;tag=123
Call-ID: [email protected]
CSeq: 1 INVITE 
Contact: <sip:userB@ pc1 domain.com >
Content-Type: application/sdp 
Content-Length: 100
SIP MESSAGE
 Response Message:
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc1.domain.com
To: “userB” sip:userB@ domain.com ; tag=999
From: “userA” <sip:[email protected] >;tag=123
Call-ID: [email protected]
CSeq: 1 INVITE 
Contact: <sip:userB@ pc1 domain.com >
Content-Type: application/sdp 
Content-Length: 100
SIP SECURITY ISSUES
 Firewalls(5060) And NATs
• The NAT Issue.
• Controlling The Integrated Firewalls.
 Identification Of Users
 Media On Open Networks
 Virtual Private Network.
 Quality
SIP ADVANTAGES
 Designed For Real Time Transmission.
 Web Access for Setup, Change, and Reporting

Keeps You in Control.


 Minimize Bandwidth Requirement.
 Less Complex Than H.323 Protocol.
 Unified Service Provider.
 Better Connectivity (Follow Me/Find Me).
SIP DISADVANTAGES
 SIP's peer-to-peer nature does not enable network-
provided services.
 Firewalls block media packet types such as UDP,

TCP .
 NAT Issue causes Transmission Delay.
 Emergency calls (911 in the USA or 100 in India)

are difficult to route.


 QoS
10 Reasons To Use SIP
 Easier Manageability
 User-Centric Communications
 Native Mobility
 Unlimited Scalability
 Better Survivability
 Endpoint Flexibility
 Unprecedented Interoperability
 Lower Total Cost of Ownership
 Enhanced Customer Service
 Increased Productivity
SIP REFERENCES
 www.sipcenter.com
 www.radvision.com
 www.ietf.org
 www.sipadvantage.com

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