Circuit Analysis

EC8251
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
S.Vigneshwaran
Assistant Professor
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology
Coimbatore
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UNIT I BASIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS AND NETWORK TOPOLOGY 12
Ohm’s Law – Kirchhoff’s laws – Mesh current and node voltage method of analysis for D.C and A.C. circuits - Network
terminology - Graph of a network - Incidence and reduced incidence matrices – Trees –Cutsets - Fundamental cutsets -
Cutset matrix – Tie sets - Link currents and Tie set schedules -Twig voltages and Cutset schedules, Duality and dual
networks.
UNIT II NETWORK THEOREMS FOR DC AND AC CIRCUITS 12
Network theorems -Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, Reciprocity theorem, Millman’s
theorem, and Maximum power transfer theorem ,application of Network theorems- Network reduction: voltage and
current division, source transformation – star delta conversion.
UNIT III RESONANCE AND COUPLED CIRCUITS 12
Resonance - Series resonance - Parallel resonance - Variation of impedance with frequency - Variation in current through
and voltage across L and C with frequency – Bandwidth - Q factor - Selectivity. Self inductance - Mutual inductance - Dot
rule - Coefficient of coupling - Analysis of multiwinding coupled circuits - Series, Parallel connection of coupled
inductors - Single tuned and double tuned coupled circuits.
UNIT IV TRANSIENT ANALYSIS 12
Natural response-Forced response - Transient response of RC, RL and RLC circuits to excitation by Step Signal, Impulse
Signal and exponential sources - Complete response of RC, RL and RLC Circuits to sinusoidal excitation.
UNIT V TWO PORT NETWORKS 12
Two port networks, Z parameters, Y parameters, Transmission (ABCD) parameters, Hybrid(H) Parameters,
Interconnection of two port networks, Symmetrical properties of T and π networks.

UNIT I BASIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS
AND NETWORK TOPOLOGY
• Ohm’s Law – Kirchhoff’s laws –
• Mesh current and node voltage method of analysis for D.C and A.C.
circuits –
• Network terminology – Graph of a network - Incidence and reduced
incidence matrices – Trees –Cutsets - Fundamental cutsets - Cutset
matrix – Tie sets - Link currents and Tie set schedules -Twig voltages
and Cutset schedules, Duality and dual networks.
OBJECTIVES:
To introduce the basic concepts of DC and AC circuits behavior
To study the transient and steady state response of the circuits subjected to step and sinusoidal excitations.
To introduce different methods of circuit analysis using Network theorems, duality and topology.
OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
Develop the capacity to analyze electrical circuits, apply the circuit theorems in real time
Design and understand and evaluate the AC and DC circuits
TEXT BOOKS:
1. William H. Hayt, Jr. Jack E. Kemmerly and Steven M. Durbin, “Engineering Circuit Analysis” , McGraw Hill Science
Engineering, Eighth Edition, 11th Reprint 2016.
2. Joseph Edminister and Mahmood Nahvi, “Electric Circuits”, Schaum’s Outline Series, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company,
New Delhi, Fifth Edition Reprint 2016.
REFERENCES:
1. Charles K. Alexander, Mathew N.O. Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”, Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill, 9th Reprint
2015.
2. A.Bruce Carlson, “Cicuits: Engineering Concepts and Analysis of Linear Electric Circuits”, Cengage Learning, India Edition
2nd Indian Reprint 2009.
3. Allan H.Robbins, Wilhelm C.Miller, “Circuit Analysis Theory and Practice”, Cengage Learning, Fifth Edition, 1st Indian
• Active elements: Elements which generate or amplify energy. Eg energy sources
are active elements.
• Passive elements: Elements which dissipate or store energy. Eg. Resistance
dissipates energy in the form of heat, inductance stores energy in a magnetic field,
and capacitance stores energy in an electric field.
• Independent sources Batteries, generators and rectifiers are independent sources,
which can directly generate electrical energy.
• Dependent sources : Transistors and op-amps are dependent sources whose
output energy depends on another independent source.
• Loads: Practically, the sources of electrical energy used to supply electrical
energy to various devices like lamps, fans, motors, etc.,.
• Power: The rate at which electrical energy is supplied. Power, is the product of
voltage and current.
• Law of conservation of energy: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but
can be converted from one form to other. Therefore, the total energy/power in a
circuit is zero.
• Energy : Energy is defined as the capacity to do work. Energy may exist in many
forms, such as electrical, mechanical, thermal, light, chemical, etc. It is measured
in joules, which is denoted by J (or the unit of energy is joules).
• Power : Power is the rate at which work is done (or it is the rate of energy
transfer). The unit of power is watt and denoted by W. If energy is transferred at
the rate of one joule per second then one watt of power is generated.
• Charge : Charge is the characteristic property of elementary particles
of matter. The elementary particles are electrons, protons and neutrons.
There are basically two types of charges in nature: positive charge and
negative charge. The charge of an electron is called negative charge.
The charge of a proton is called positive charge. The charge of an
electron is 1.602 × 10−19 C. Hence, 1/(1.602 × 10−19) = 6.24 × 101 8
electrons make up a charge of one coulomb.
• Current : Current is defined as the rate of flow of electrons. It is
measured in amperes. One ampere is the current flowing through a
point if a charge of one coulomb crosses that point in one second.

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