Smart Cards: Submitted By: Rahul Rastogi

SMART CARDS
Submitted by:
Rahul Rastogi,
CS Department
CONTENTS:
 Introduction
 What is a smart card?
 Better than magnetic stripe card.

 Technology
• What’s in a card?
• Memory in Smart Cards
• Working Mechanism
 Security Features
 Applications
 Smart Cards in India
 Future of smart cards in India
 Conclusion
Introduction:
 Many cards we carry daily for different
purposes, may it be magnetic stripe card or
some other plastic cards........why carry too
many cards if a single card- SMART CARD can
serve all purposes!!!!
What is a Smart Card?
 A smart card is a card that is embedded with
either a microprocessor and a memory chip or
only a memory chip with non-programmable
logic. The microprocessor card can add, delete,
and otherwise manipulate information on the
card, while a memory-chip card (for example,
pre-paid phone cards) can only undertake a pre-
defined operation
What makes the smart card better than normal magnetic stripe card?
 Advantages of Smart Cards

Compared to magnetic stripe cards, smart cards have many advantages:
• Smart cards can hold up to 32 KB of data while magnetic cards as seen earlier can
hold only around 1000 bits. This allows the card-transaction participants (card
company, acquiring bank, issuing bank, retailers etc.) to store a lot of additional
information on the card.
• Data on a smart card can be protected against unauthorized viewing. As a result of

this confidential data (PIN, Passwords) can be stored on a smart card. This means,
merchants do not have to go online every time to authenticate a transaction.
• A single smart card can house multiple applications. Just one card can be used as
your license, passport, credit card, ATM card, ID Card etc.
• Life of a smart card is longer.

 Data stored on magnetic stripe cards can be easily read and modified by someone
with access to the right kind of equipment.

Technology:
 What’s in a Card?
 Memory in smart cards
◦ Typical Configuration
 Pin Configuration
 Working Mechanism
 Examples of Smart Card readers
What’s in a Card?
CLK RST
Vcc
RFU
GND
RFU
Vpp
I/O
Basic Architecture:
 databus:
 connection
between elements
of the chip
 8 or 16 bits wide
Memory in smart cards:
 ROM
◦ Data stored in ROM cannot be modified, or can be modified
only slowly or with difficulty, so it is mainly used to distribute
firmware (software that is very closely tied to specifichardware,
and unlikely to need frequent updates).
 EEPROM
◦ data stored in EEPROM is persistent, and is kept when power is
lost
 RAM
◦ data stored in RAM is transient, and is lost as soon as power is
lost
Pin Configuration
Typical Configurations
 256 bytes to 4KB RAM.
 8KB to 32KB ROM.
 1KB to 32KB EEPROM.
 Crypto-coprocessors are optional.
 8-bit to 16-bit CPU. 8051 based designs are
common.
The price of a mid-level chip when produced in

bulk is less than US$1.
Working Mechanism:
 The terminal/PC sends commands to
the card (through the serial line).
 The card executes the command and
sends back the reply.
 The terminal/PC cannot directly
access memory of the card
◦ data in the card is protected from
unauthorized access via some password or
needs biometric verification. This is what
makes the card smart.
Smart Card Readers
 Computer based readers

Connect through USB or COM
(Serial) ports
 Dedicated terminals
Usually with a small screen,
keypad, printer, often also
have biometric devices such
as thumb print scanner.
Security Features:
 An important aspect to smart cards to prevent
unauthorized users from gaining access to
information contained on the card.
 The advantage smart cards have over magnetic
stripe cards is that the smart card contains the
computer chip which stores the password or PIN.
 the password is not sent over a communication line
to a computer system for verification, which can
easily be tapped.
 most important part of a smart card is the software
that provide the applications
Applications:
 IDENTIFICATION
 NETWORK SECURITY
◦ authentication
◦ confidentiality
 ELECTRONIC PURSES
 TELE COMMUNICATION
 SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
 AND MANY MORE….
Smart Cards in India:
Smart Cards in India are
used as identification cards....
 As driving licenses…..
 Access Control
 Metro Rail Cards
 DTH Cards
Future of smart cards in India:
 Future of Smart Cards
Given the advantages of smart cards over magnetic
stripe cards, there can be no doubt that the future
of smart cards is very bright. If the current trends
are anything to go by, the smart card market is set
for exponential growth in the next few years.
Future for smart cards depends mainly on the

introduction of multi-application cards and
overcoming the simplistic mindset that smart cards
are just a method of making a payment.
Conclusion:
 Hence smart cards can be used to increase
security, reliability, convenience and many
other advantages.
References:
 Wikipedia
 Dhar’s Blog
 http://www.cardforum.org
 Smart Card Handbook: W. Rankl & W. Effing
LAST SLIDE…
Thank you for your time!

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SMART CARDS

 Better than magnetic stripe card.

 Smart Cards in India

 Future of smart cards in India

 Advantages of Smart Cards

• Data on a smart card can be protected against unauthorized viewing. As a result of

• Life of a smart card is longer.

with access to the right kind of equipment.

The price of a mid-level chip when produced in

 Computer based readers

Future for smart cards depends mainly on the

Thank you for your time!

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