GOOD MANNERS AND RIGHT

CONDUCT

INSTRUCTOR :
MS. LEAH O. VIAJANTE
What is values?
- is something desirable, worth living, worth processing, worth keeping, and
worth doing.
 Why is there a need for values
- for the sake of survival, sanity, and peace of mind; and this explains why values
are inseparable from life.
- in fact, without value there can be no life, insofar as life itself is a value.
Can values be taught?
-in every culture the family is the primary carrier of values.
-parents, the father and the mother, and other elders bear the culture and values of
their society or community.
 -as the child grows, he is being molded by the values of those who nurture his
growth and upbringing.
-the most effective way to transmit and inculcate values is by example.
-it is easier for a child to imitate whatever he hears and sees that people around
him are saying and doing than for him to do what is being taught to him but he sees no
one else doing it.
-inculcating values by example is far more effective than by reward and punishment.
-a child that is inured to receiving rewards for doing what one wants him to do and
achieve may possibly learn how to bribe and buy off his way to get things done.
-for rewarding an individual for doing what we would like him to do is, to some
extent, a form of bribery.
 - teaching values by punishment, on the other hand, is not only
unacceptable but inhuman as well.
- a child that is accustomed to doing good things through force
and coercion may learn to become violent and ruthless as he grows
old.
 PART ONE
GENERAL TYPES OF VALUES
General types of values classify under threes sets:
Set A types of values
• Appetitive value – refers to the desirable nature of food and water that satisfies
one’s hunger and thirst.
• Sensuous or sexual value – corresponds to sexual meaning inasmuch as sexual
desire can only be satisfied by this value. Biological speaking, sexual value makes the
perpetuation of human species possible.
• Aesthetic value – satisfies an individual’s aesthetic desire or one’s disinterested
feeling of beholding a beautiful thing or scenery, and appreciating a work of art. Is
so unique in itself that it is characterized by the feeling of awe and disinterestedness,
as distinguished from appetitive and sensuous values which are coupled with the
desire or wish to own or possess the source of value itself.
• Intellectual value – fulfills an individual’s intellectual desire.
• Moral value - relates to conduct or character viewed from the concept of right and
wrong. It pertains to the goodness or badness o f an action, character, disposition,
etc. Being rational, man alone has sense of right and wrong, hence only man has
morality.
• Spiritual value – does not necessarily refer to spirits or spiritual beings or substance.
Spiritual value corresponds to our spiritual feelings such as those marked or
characterized by the highest qualities of the human mind. The spiritual act to love is
a value that binds people together and makes life meaningful and worth living.
Without the value of love, no human being can survive both biologically and
individually.
• Value of the holy – refers to sacred and hallowed beliefs, some things which are the
objects of worship or veneration. By the term “holy” is meant the divine or that
which has sanctity directly from the “absolute sphere,” according to Max Scheler
Set B types of values
• Personal value – corresponds to one’s own individual and exclusive value.
• Psychological value – is suitable for and appealing to an individual’s mind
has a psychological value. A situation or living condition, a person, a word
of encouragement and inspiration, a book or a principle may have a
psychological value for a person, insofar as it provides him with a sense of
mental contentment, quietude, and equanimity.
• Sociological value – it is that which has some sociological significance like
the origin and evolution of human society and social phenomena, the
progress of civilization, and the laws controlling human institutions and
functions.
• Cultural value – every society has its own features of development, learned
behavior patterns of any specific period, the training and refinement of mind,
morals, or tase of a given people or community. May consist of the ideals,
moral standards and precepts, institutions, aspirations, beliefs, philosophy of
life, traditional religious/superstitious practices, conventions, literature and
arts of a given culture.
• Historical value – this pertains to, or is concerned with, treating events of
history, like a historical account of momentous occurrences in a given country
or people. Anything that constitutes, or belongs to, the history of a given
people has a historical value.
• Behavioral value – means the manner of conducting oneself properly, of
comporting oneself well, acting correctly, and of controlling oneself politely.
It is associated with conduct, deportment, and demeanor.
• Education value – which is instructive significance has an educational
value, and a thing has an instructive worth of it is informative,
enlightening, educative, eye-opening, and mentally enriching.
• Political value – it is anything that has significance in politics, that is in
the science and art of government of public or state affairs.
• Sensational value - which produces great interest or exciting, stirring,
thrilling, breathtaking, and amazing, episodes in their plots so as to
sensationalize their stories.
• Sentimental value – either a thing, a place, or a person that is closely
associated with past experiences may have sentimental value.
Set C types of values
• Commercial value – refers to anything that has worth in business
transaction, especially one that is marketable and profitable, one that
is significant in buying and selling, o mercantile activities; hence it is
important in business or trading.
• Financial value – refers to whatever has monetary or pecuniary
significance, or anything measured or valued in terms of money;
hence, it is “cash” value of a thing, place, or person.
• Conjugal value – this is the value of marriage, the relationship
between husband and wife. Known also matrimonial value, it refers to
such spousal meanings that will enhance connubial relationship.
• Scientific value – refers to anything that has scientific significance.
• Technological value – which pertains to, associated with, produced or
affected by technology is said to have technological worth. Anything that
is related to the advancement of technology is technological valuable,
insofar as it is a contribution to the progress of technological science.
• Ecological value – is a biological science that treats of the relations
between organisms and environment. It is study o f ecosystem which
underscores the interdependence and interrelationships of all things in
the world.
• Instrumental value – distinction between instrumental value and
intrinsic value is of paramount significance in environmental ethics. An
object has instrumental value; it is means towards getting a good and
high paying job.
• Intrinsic value – contrary to an instrumental value, an object has an
intrinsic value if it is an end in itself.
• Relative value – this value being only relative may still be referred to
other value. That is , the relative value of family happiness is related to
conjugal value, the value of fidelity between husband and wife, the value
of love, the value of unity, value of patience, value of tolerance, and
value of responsibility, among others. In short, a relative is not an end in
itself.
• Ultimate value –a value to which one ore more values are referred, while
it is not itself referred to any other value. Is the last value of all values
series, so that no further value or meaning can be conceived for which to
tend.