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Coherence and Cohesion in Academic Texts

This document discusses various ways to achieve cohesion and coherence in academic texts, including the use of referential devices like pronouns, possessive pronouns, objective pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, and phrases. It provides examples of how these referential devices can refer back to specific nouns in a text. Additionally, it discusses how ellipsis, substitution, lexical cohesion through repetition of words and synonyms, and connectors/conjunctions/linkers can be used to relate sentences and paragraphs and create cohesion in a text.

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87 views10 pages

Coherence and Cohesion in Academic Texts

This document discusses various ways to achieve cohesion and coherence in academic texts, including the use of referential devices like pronouns, possessive pronouns, objective pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, and phrases. It provides examples of how these referential devices can refer back to specific nouns in a text. Additionally, it discusses how ellipsis, substitution, lexical cohesion through repetition of words and synonyms, and connectors/conjunctions/linkers can be used to relate sentences and paragraphs and create cohesion in a text.

Uploaded by

Pily Peralta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Coherence and cohesion

in academic texts.
Cohesion can be achieved through the use of the
following referential devices:
REFERENCE ( anaphoric, cataphoric and
exophoric )
Examples of reference words and phrases:
• Pronouns: he/ she/ it/ they
• Possessive pronouns :his/ her/ hers/ its/ their/ theirs
• Objective pronouns: me/her/ him/ them
• Demonstrative pronouns: this/ that/ these/ those
• Other phrases : the former/ the latter/ the first/ the second/ such a
Let’s see an example
Leonardo da Vinci was a fifteenth-century Italian genius
who produced only a handful of finished works. However,
they include the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper, the former
perhaps the most famous painting in the world. Although he
is remembered mainly as an artist, he also was an innovative
engineer, scientist and anatomist.

The pronoun he refers to…..

The pronoun they refers to….

The former refers to….


ELLIPSIS and SUBSTITUTION
• Ellipsis is another cohesive device which can improve the readers understanding of a
piece of writing.
• It is the omission of a word or phrase that can be easily understood in context/ to avoid
repetition
For Example:
He works on his dissertation as often as he can work on his dissertation
He works on his dissertation as often as he can.

• Substitution is very similar to ellipsis in the effect it has on the text, and occurs when
instead of leaving a word or phrase out, as in ellipsis, it is substituted for another, more
general word.
For example:
He's sure he'll pass the exam, but I don't think so.
 I really like listening to your stories. Can you tell us another one?
LEXICAL COHESION

• Lexical cohesion is basically created by repetition (reiteration) of the


same lexeme, or general nouns(synonyms), or other lexemes sharing
the majority of semantic features:

For example:
The writing ... - the text ... - the speech
Students… pupils… school learners
Teachers…. educators ..professionals of education
CONNECTORS/CONJUNCTIONS/LINKER
S
• These devices creates cohesion by relating sentences and paragraphs
to each other by using words from the class of conjunction, or
numerals.
• This can be temporal (after,before), causal (because), coordinating
(and), adversative (but, however), additive (further) or discourse
markers (now, well, after all).
Example:
However, they include the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper(…)
Complete the text with the following cohesion devices (referential elements)

he / he / his / his / his / it / them / they / this

• FAMOUS FOR ?
• When Andy Warhol died at the age of 58 in 1987 few people guessed that
(a)___________________ would soon become one of the most valuable
artists in the world. In 2007 total sales of (b)___________________ work at
auction reached 428 million dollars. When, a year later,
(c)___________________ painting ‘Eight Elvises’ sold for over $100 million,
(d)___________________ was one of the highest prices ever paid for a work
of art. In (e)___________________ working life (f)___________________
made about 10,000 artworks, and dealers believe that
(g)___________________ will continue to be popular with collectors in
future. (h)___________________ is because of Warhol’s huge reputation as a
super-cool trendsetter and innovator.
Thanks for your participation!

Esta foto de Autor desconocido está bajo licencia CC BY-NC-ND

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