Plumbing Drainage System

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 42

Plumbing Drainage system

Estimation of water Requirements


• For residential building, as per Indian standard
water requirement is 135 litres/head/Day
• 90- for domestic
• 45-for flushing requirements
Water requirements for buildings other than residences
Drainage pipes and traps
• Soil pipe
• Waste pipe
• Vent pipe
• Rain water pipe
• Anti siphonage pipe
Soil pipe
• Pipe through
which human
excreta flows
• Dia-100mm
Waste pipe

A pipe which carries only liquid waste. Doesnot carry excreta : Dia-30 to 50mm
Vent pipe
• For the
purpose of
ventilation of
the system
• A pipe open at
top
• 50mm -dia
• To facilitate exit of
foul gases
• Carried at least 1m
higher than roof
level
Rain water pipe

Pipes which carries only rain water : dia- 75mm


Anti-siphonage pipe

Pipe which is installed in the house drainage to preserve the water seal of traps
Dia connecting soil pipe-50mm , connecting waste pipe-40mm
Siphonic action
Trap
• Foul gases, solid impurities produced in the
sewers, drains, waste pipes may cause nuisance by
entering in houses through house connecting
pipes If their passage is not checked by some
suitable devices.
• The devices which are used to stop the escape of
solid, used water, foul gases inside or outside the
houses are known as Traps
Trap
• Depressed or bent
fitting which when
provided in a drainage
system always remain
full of water thus
maintaining a water
seal
• Prevents the passage of
foul air or gas thro’ it
• Depth of water
seal is the
vertical distance
between the
crown and dip of
a trap
• This represents
the strength or
effectiveness
• Vary from 25mm
to 75mm
Classification of traps
• According to shape • According to shape
1. P-trap 1. Floor trap or nahni trap
2. Q-Trap of Half S-trap 2. Gully trap
3. S-Trap 3. Intercepting trap
4. D trap 4. Grease Trap
5. Silt Trap
• P-Trap
This resembles the shape
of letter P, in which the
legs are right angles to
each other
Q-Trap or half S-trap
• Resembles the shape of
letter Q, in which the
two legs meet at an
angle other than a right
angle
S trap
• Resembles letter S
• Both legs are parallel to each other
• Discharging in same direction
• Anti D Trap
It is the
improvement
over the above
traps
Water holding
portion is
contracted and
outgo is large
and square in
section
Classification according to Use
• Floor trap or nahni trap
• Gully trap
• Intercepting trap
• Grease Trap
• Silt Trap
Floor trap or Nahni Trap
• Used to collect wash
water from floors,
kitchens and both
room
• Stating end from
floor
• Made of cast iron,
plastic
• flow with a gravity
Cover at top to
exclude entry of solid
matter of big size
Cover can be removed
to do frequent
cleaning
Have small water seal
Gully trap
• Special types of traps
which disconnect
sullage drain( collected
from baths and
kitchens) from the main
drainage system
• Made of stone ware or
cast iron
Intercepting traps
• Special type of trap
provided at the junction of
house drain with the
public sewer and septic
tank
• It is thus provided in the
last manhole of the
drainage system
• Deep water seal of 100mm
so as to effectively prevent
the entry of sewer gases
from public sewer line into
house drain
• Trap has an
opening at the top
called the cleaning
eye or rodding
arm, having a tight
fitting plug, for
frequent cleaning
of the trap
• Used only in large hotels,restaurants or
industries where large quantities of oil wastes
are expected to enter the water flow
Grease trap
• If the oily or greasy matter is not separated, it
will stick to the building drainage system
resulting in the formation of ugly scum and
consequent obstruction to reaeration
• Either masonry or cast
iron chamber with a
bent pipe or Tee pipe
at the outlet end
• Because of sudden
increase in the area of
flow at entry the
velocity of flow is
reduced resulting in
separation of oily and
greasy matter from the
waste water
• Floating greasy matter
can be removed later
Silt trap
• If the water carries a lot
of coarse particles of
silt, sand etc
• It is better to remove
these before entering
into the building drain
• Silt normally enter the
drain because of its use
in washing the utensils
• Silt trap is just similar to
grit chamber
• Requirements of a good trap
1. Made of Non absorbent
2. Provide sufficient depth of water seal all
times(about 50 mm) having large surface area
3. Self cleaning, should not obstruct the flow of
sewage

You might also like