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    Five Basic Features of Language - PPT

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    Charie Enrile-Jale
    This document provides an overview of key concepts in linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate linguistic rules and structures. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds, phonology examines a language's sound system and rules, and morphology analyzes the structure and formation of words. Syntax studies sentence structure and rules, semantics is the study of meaning, and pragmatics examines language use and non-literal meanings. The document demonstrates the creativity of language through novel examples and slips of the tongue.

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    Five Basic Features of Language - PPT

    Uploaded by

    Charie Enrile-Jale
    418 views16 pages
    This document provides an overview of key concepts in linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate linguistic rules and structures. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds, phonology examines a language's sound system and rules, and morphology analyzes the structure and formation of words. Syntax studies sentence structure and rules, semantics is the study of meaning, and pragmatics examines language use and non-literal meanings. The document demonstrates the creativity of language through novel examples and slips of the tongue.

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    Five Basic

    Original Title

    Five Basic Features of Language_PPT

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    This document provides an overview of key concepts in linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate linguistic rules and structures. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds, phonology examines a language's sound system and rules, and morphology analyzes the structure and formation of words. Syntax studies sentence structure and rules, semantics is the study of meaning, and pragmatics examines language use and non-literal meanings. The document demonstrates the creativity of language through novel examples and slips of the tongue.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    418 views16 pages

    Five Basic Features of Language - PPT

    Uploaded by

    Charie Enrile-Jale
    This document provides an overview of key concepts in linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate linguistic rules and structures. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds, phonology examines a language's sound system and rules, and morphology analyzes the structure and formation of words. Syntax studies sentence structure and rules, semantics is the study of meaning, and pragmatics examines language use and non-literal meanings. The document demonstrates the creativity of language through novel examples and slips of the tongue.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Word of the day

    Linguistics Knowledge
    • Phonetics
    • Phonology
    • Morphology
    • Syntax
    • Semantics
    • Pragmatics
    Phonetics
    • The study of speech sounds
    – How various sounds are made (articulatory
    phonetics)
    – How to describe them using IPA (The
    International Phonetic Alphabet)
    Examples (Phonetics)
    • sign
    • cider
    • the same sound — should be
    transcribed (i.e. represented in writing)
    in the same way
    Phonology
    • The sound system of a language
    • Includes the inventory of sounds
    • The features of those sounds
    • The rules for combining the sounds
    Examples (Phonology)
    • pin
    • spin

    – The two “p sounds” are not really the same


    sounds.
    – [p] with an extra puff of air occurs at the beginning
    of a word (roughly)
    – [p] without a puff of air occurs elsewhere
    – So their occurrences in English are rule-
    governed.
    Morphology
    • The study of the structure of words
    • morph = ‘form’ (Greek)
    • The smallest units of meaning
    • Many words consist of smaller
    meaningful units
    Examples (Morphology)
    • Word formation quick+ly
    • Grammatical markers dog+s, turn+ed
    Syntax
    • The study of how words form sentences
    • Grammatical categories
    • Rules for sentence and phrase
    formation
    • Directionality of combination
    • Constraints on combinations
    Examples (Syntax)
    • John loves Mary. (grammatical)
    • Loves John Mary. (ungrammatical)
    • John Mary loves. (ungrammatical)
    – (A very rough first approximation) A string
    of words consisting of a name a verb and
    another name(in this order) is grammatical.
    Semantics
    • The study of meaning
    • Meaning of individual words and of their
    relations with one another.
    • The relation between syntax and semantics
    – How to talk about sentence meanings
    – Truth conditions, logical consequences
    Examples (Semantics)
    • John must smoke and John has to
    smoke mean the same thing (for all
    practical purposes).
    • John must not smoke means “John is
    obligated NOT to smoke.”
    • John does not have to smoke means
    “John is NOT obligated to smoke.”
    Pragmatics
    • The study of language use
    – Non-literal meanings
    – How to do things with words
    Examples (Pragmatics)
    • Can you teach phonology classes?
    – Yes, I can even teach graduate seminars.
    – Go ahead and give a lecture on
    phonology.
    • Can you pass the salt?
    – Yes, I can. In fact, I can even pass the
    pepper. (and do nothing)
    – …. (say nothing and just pass the salt)
    Performance
    • You have hissed my • You have missed
    mystery lecture — my history lecture —
    you have tasted the you have wasted the
    whole worm. whole term.
    – Slips of the tongue
    (Spoonerism)
    Creativity of language
    • Part of speaker’s competence
    • Use of finite linguistic means (words,
    rules)
    • Enables us to create/understand an
    infinite number novel phrases or
    sentences

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