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CMET401 Heat Integration I

This document is a series of slides for a course on heat integration and pinch technology. It introduces concepts like minimum approach temperature ΔTmin, which represents the smallest allowable temperature difference in a heat exchanger. It discusses how ΔTmin values can affect heat exchanger area and utility costs. It also covers heat exchanger networks and pinch points, where the driving forces for heat exchange are minimized. The overall goal of pinch technology is to design networks that use minimum utilities and exchangers.

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AHMED ALI S ALAHMADI
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© © All Rights Reserved
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50 views23 pages

CMET401 Heat Integration I

This document is a series of slides for a course on heat integration and pinch technology. It introduces concepts like minimum approach temperature ΔTmin, which represents the smallest allowable temperature difference in a heat exchanger. It discusses how ΔTmin values can affect heat exchanger area and utility costs. It also covers heat exchanger networks and pinch points, where the driving forces for heat exchange are minimized. The overall goal of pinch technology is to design networks that use minimum utilities and exchangers.

Uploaded by

AHMED ALI S ALAHMADI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CMET 401 Plant Design &

Economics

Instructor: Dr. Abdel-Karim Mahgoub


Plant Design CHET 401

Heat Integration I

Dr. Abdel-Karim Mahgoub

CMET401 Heat Integration I


04/02/2021 2
Introduction To Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


04/02/2021 3
Heat Integration: Minimum Approach
Temperature ∆Tmin

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CP = heat
capacity
flow rate

MW

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


04/02/2021 6
Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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The Pinch Technology: Minimum Temperature
Approach
 Minimum Approach Temperature represents the smallest
temperature difference that two streams leaving or entering a
heat exchanger can have. Typical values are from 5°C to
20°C. The value 10°C is frequently chosen.

 Different
results will be obtained by using different
minimum approach temperatures which will affect the
economics of the process.

 As the minimum approach temperature increases, the heat


transfer area for the process heat exchangers decreases, but
the loads on the hot and cold utilities increase. Therefore,
capital investment decreases but the operating costs increase.
CMET401 Heat Integration I
04/02/2021 13
Typical ΔTmin Values
Industrial sector Experience ΔTmin values
o
Oil refining 20 – 40 C
o
Petrochemical 10 – 20 C
o
Chemical 10 – 20 C
Low temperature o
3–5 C
processes

43
04/02/2021 CMET401 Heat Integration I 14
Heat Integration

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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Heat Exchanger Network (HEN)

CMET401 Heat Integration I


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The Pinch Technology
 In a heat exchanger, a close approach between hot and
cold streams requires a large heat transfer area.

 Likewise,in a distillation column, as the reflux ratio


approaches the minimum value for a given separation,
the number of equilibrium stages becomes very large.

 Whenever the driving forces for heat or mass exchange


are small, the equipment needed for transfer becomes
large and it is said that the design has a pinch.

CMET401 Heat Integration I


04/02/2021 22
The Pinch Technology
 At the point where the driving force for energy or mass
exchange is a minimum, this represents a pinch or pinch
point (Pinch Technology).

 Target: To establish an algorithm for designing a heat


exchanger network that consumes the minimum amount of
utilities and requires the minimum number of exchangers
(MUMNE).

 Although this network may not be optimal in an economic


sense, it does represent a feasible solution and will often be
close to the optimum.

CMET401 Heat Integration I


04/02/2021 23

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