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Propositional Calculus: (Practice Session)

The document provides information about propositional calculus and examples of using propositional logic to evaluate statements. It defines conjunction and disjunction using examples. It also demonstrates how to write statements in symbolic logic form, construct truth tables, and determine the truth value of statements. Finally, it presents a scenario about smartphone specifications and evaluates the statement "Smartphone B has the most RAM of these three smartphones" using propositional logic.

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Ashan Zahid
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23 views

Propositional Calculus: (Practice Session)

The document provides information about propositional calculus and examples of using propositional logic to evaluate statements. It defines conjunction and disjunction using examples. It also demonstrates how to write statements in symbolic logic form, construct truth tables, and determine the truth value of statements. Finally, it presents a scenario about smartphone specifications and evaluates the statement "Smartphone B has the most RAM of these three smartphones" using propositional logic.

Uploaded by

Ashan Zahid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Propositional

Calculus
(Practice Session)
Finding out Conjunction & Disjunction

p: 1+1 = 3
q: A decade is 10 years.
Conjunction:
p ^q
 1+1 = 3 and a decade is 10 years.

Disjunction:
p vq
 1+1 = 3 or a decade is 10 years.

2
Writing in Symbolic form

p: Blaise Pascal invented several calculating


machines.
q: The first all-electronic computer was
constructed in 20th century.
r: pi was calculated to 1000,000 decimal digits
in 1954

3
Scenario

Either Blaise Pascal invented several


calculating machines and it is not the case that
the first all-electronic computer was
constructed in 20th century; pi was calculated
to 1000,000 decimal digits in 1954.

4
Symbolic Form

(p ^ ~q) v r

5
Finding out Truth Value

p: Blaise Pascal invented several calculating


machines. (T)
q: The first all-electronic computer was
constructed in 20th century. (T)
r: pi was calculated to 1000,000 decimal digits
in 1954. (F)

6
Finding out Truth Value

(p ^ ~q) v r
= (T ^ ~T) v F
= (T ^ F) v F
=FvF
=F

7
Finding out Truth Value

p = F, q = T, r = F
Find out:
 ~(p v q) ^ (~p v r)
 False
 ~p v ~q
 True

8
Writing in Descriptive Form

p : Lee takes computer science.


q : Lee takes mathematics.
Find out:
~p
 Lee does not take computer science.
p ^ ~q
 Lee
takes computer science and Lee does not take
mathematics.

9
Writing in Descriptive Form

p : Today is Monday.
q : It is raining outside.
r: It is hot.
~p ^ (q v r)
 Today is not Monday and either it is raining
outside or it is hot.

10
Writing in Symbolic Form

There is hurricane but it is not raining.


Identify propositions:
 p: There is hurricane.
 q: It is raining.

Symbolic Form:
p ^ ~q

11
Construct a truth table for:
p ~ p

p ~p p ~ p

T F T

F T T
Construct a truth table for:

 p  q ^ ~ q
p q p q ~ q  p  q ^ ~ q

T T T F F
T F F T F
F T F F F
F F F T F
Draw truth table for ( A^ B) v (A ^ C)

14
( A^ B) v (A ^ C)

A B C D E X

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1
( A^ B) v (A ^ C)

A B C A^B A^C (A ^ B)
v (A^ C)
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1
( A^ B) v (A ^ C)

A B C A^B A^C (A ^ B)
v (A^ C)
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
Scenario

Suppose that Smartphone A has 256MB RAM


and 32GB ROM, and the resolution of its
camera is 8 MP; Smartphone B has 288 MB
RAM and 64 GB ROM, and the resolution of
its camera is 4 MP; and Smartphone C has 128
MB RAM and 32 GB ROM, and the resolution
of its camera is 5 MP.

18
Find out the truth value?

Smartphone B has the most RAM of these


three smartphones.

19
Solution

Propositions:
 p: Smartphone A has 256MB RAM.
 q: Smartphone A has 32GB RAM.
 r: Smartphone A has 8MP camera.
 s: Smartphone B has 288MB RAM.
 t: Smartphone B has 64GB RAM.
 u: Smartphone B has 4MP camera.
 v: Smartphone C has 128MB RAM.
 w: Smartphone C has 32GB RAM.
 x: Smartphone C has 5MP camera.
20
Solution

(s>p) ^ (s>v)
=T^T
=T

21
Thank You!

22

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